Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2011  with  funding  from 

Boston  Library  Consortium  Member  Libraries 


http://www.archive.org/details/guidebookofbosto1906burr2 


A  GUIDE-BOOK  OF  BOSTON 
FOR  PHYSICIANS 


lA  Guide-Book  of  Boston 
for  Physicians 

Prepared  for  the 

FIFTY-SEVENTH  ANNUAL  SESSION 

OF  THE 
AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

June  fifth,  sixth,  seventh  and  eighth 
1906 

EDITED  BY 
DR.  WALTER  L.  BURRAGE 


o 


BOSTON 

The  Merry  mount  Press 
MDCCCCVI 


F   r 
US 


Copyright,  3  906,  by  Robert  Bayley  Osgood 
All  rights  reserved 


D.  B.  Updike,  The  Merrymount  Press,  Boston 

•  ...     4  ft  ioflC  BOSTON  COLLEGE  LIBR'RT 

JUL    ID  19BC  CHESTNUT  HILL,  MA   02167 


INTRODUCTION 

This  Guide  zvas  prepared  with  the  hope  that,  by  its  use,  our 
visitors  may  derive  the  maximum  information  and  pleasure 
with  the  minimum  expenditure  of  time  and  energy. 

We  have  tried  not  only  to  mention  the  points  of  historical 
interest,  in  which  Boston  and  its  vicinity  are  so  rich,  but  also 
to  give  the  most  recent  data  of  present-day  Boston. 

Many  places  of  great  interest  have  received  only  passing 
notice,  as  an  extended  description  coidd  not  be  given  in  a  book 
of  this  kind.  Particular  attention,  however,  has  been  paid  to 
the  various  medical  institutions  and  hospitals,  an  index  of 
which  may  be  found  on  pages  169-171. 

The  illustrations  have  been  prepared  with  care,  and  xvill,  ive 
hope,  be  a  pleasure  as  well  as  an  aid.  The  maps  are  the  most 
recent  and  trustworthy. 

Boston '<?  streets  are  proverbially  difficult  and  tortuous,  and 
if  we  shall  have  succeeded  in  making  the  crooked  ways 
straight  for  any  of  you,  we  shall  feel  that  our  efforts  have 
been  amply  repaid. 

Dr.  George  S.  C.  Badger  Dr.  William  P.  Graves 

Dr.  J.  D.  Barney  Dr.  F.  C.  Kidner 

Dr.  Walter  L.  Burrage  Dr.  Rohert  B.  Osgood 

Dr.  Arthur  L.  Chute  Dr.  C.  C.  Simmons 

Sub-Committee  on  Printing  and  Programmes 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

Historical  Sketch  of  Boston 

1 

HOW  TO  FIND  THE  Way  ABOUT  THE  ClTY 

12 

Central  or  Business  District 

18 

South  End 

36 

Back  Bay 

53 

West  End 

86 

North  End 

105 

Charlestown 

113 

East  Boston 

116 

South  Boston 

117 

Dorchester 

119 

Roxbury 

121 

Jamaica  Plain  and  West  Roxbury 

128 

Brookline 

131 

Cambridge 

135 

North  Shore:  Salem  and  Marblehead 

140 

South  Shore:  Plymouth  and  Quincy 

145 

Lexington  and  Concord 

150 

Points  of  Interest  reached  by  the  Boston  Ele- 

vated Railway 

154 

Some  Boston  Churches 

158 

Some  Boston  Hotels 

161 

Theatres 

163 

Places  of  Amusement 

164 

Restaurants 

165,  166 

Index  of  Hospitals  and  Medical  Institutions 

169 

Index 

172 

Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 

185 

Classified  List  of  Advertisers 

186 

ILLUSTRATIONS 


PAGE 

Map  of  Old  and  New  Boston 

2 

Old  South  Church,  the  First  Kings  Chapel  and  Beacon  Hill 

in  1742 

2 

Boston  Stone 

5 

North  Station 

13 

South  Station 

14 

Old  South  Church 

18 

Old  Corner  Book  Store 

19 

Kings  Chapel 

20 

The  Winthrop  Tomb 

21 

John  Hancock  Monument 

21 

Franklin  Monument 

22 

Park  Street  Church 

22 

The  Frog  Pond 

25 

" The  Long  Path"  Boston  Common 

25 

Shaw  Monument 

26 

John  Hancock  House 

26 

State  House 

27 

Franklin  s  Press 

SO 

Faneuil  Hall 

31 

Old  State  House  and  Scene  of  Boston  Massacre 

33 

Council  Chamber,  Old  State  House 

34< 

T  Wharf 

35 

Boston  Dispensary 

31 

Old  Boston  Dispensary 

38 

St.  Elizabeth's  Hospital 

39 

Boston  City  Hospital  and  Tent  Wards 

40 

Boston  City  Hospital,  Administration  Building 

44 

Boston  City  Hospital,  Nurses'  Home 

47 

Massachusetts  Homeopathic  Hospital 

50 

Public  Garden  Pond 

53 

Washington  Statue  in  Public  Garden 

54 

Ether  Monument  in  Public  Garden 

54 

First  Church  in  Boston 

55 

x  ILLUSTRATIONS 

PAGE 

Leif  Ericson  Statue  56 

First  Baptist  Church  57 

Natural  History  Building  58 

Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology  59 

Trinity  Ckuzek  60 

Art  Museum  6\ 

Public  Library  62 

New  "  Old  South"  Church  64 

Boston  Medical  Library  66 

Fenway  Court  68 

Simmons  College  68 

Christian  Science  Church  69 

Horticultural  Hall  70 

Symphony  Hall  70 

Children  s  Hospital  71 

Conservatory  of  Music  72 

Tufts  College  Medical  School  72 

Holden  Chapel  in  Cambridge  75 

Massachusetts  Medical  College,  1815  77 

Harvard  Medical  School,  1 8  8 3 - 1 906  81 

House  of  the  Good  Samaritan  84 

Boston  Lying-in  Hospital  87 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital,  1831  89 

■Fz'rstf  Public  Demonstration  of  Surgical  Anaesthesia  Ql 

Harvard  Medical  School,  New  Buildings  93 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital,  Bulfinch  Building  94 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital,  Zander  Room  96 
Massachusetts  General  Hospital  and  Harvard  Medical  School 

in  1852  98 

Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary  100 

Women's  Gymnasium,  Charlesbank  101 

New  Cambridge  Bridge  102 

Louisburg  Square  103 

Relief  Station  of  the  Boston  City  Hospital  106 

Christ  Church  107 

Boston  Floating  Hospital  110 


ILLUSTRATIONS  xi 

PAGE 

The  Constitution  114 

New  Dry  Dock,  Navy  Yard  114 

Bunker  Hill  Monument  115 

Perkins  Institution  for  the  Blind  117 

Carney  Hospital  118 

First  Parish  Church,  Meeting-House  Hill  119 

Parting  Stone  122 

Statue  of  Joseph  Warren  in  Roxbury  125 

Free  Hospital  for  Women  133 

Harvard  Hall  and  Johnston  Gate  135 

Statue  of  John  Harvard  136 

The  Washington  Elm  137 

The  Stadium  137 

The  Longfellorv  House  138 

The  Lowell  House  138 

Stillman  Infirmary  139 

St.  Michael's  Church,  Marblehead  142 

Agnes  Surriage  Well  142 

Hawthorne  s  Birthplace  143 

Salem  Custom  House  143 

Birthplace  of  John  Adams  145 

Dorothy  Quincy  House  146 

Plymouth  Rock  148 

Statue  of  Captain  John  Parker  150 

Minute-Man,  Concord  151 

Wright  Tavern  152 

Maps 

Map  of  Business  District,  North  and  West  Ends               18^  19 
Map  of  Boston  including  the  Back  Bay,  South  End  and 

part  of  Roxbury  56,  57 

Map  of  Greater  Boston  and  Surrounding  Country  1 66,  1 67 


HISTORICAL  SKETCH  OF  BOSTON 

IN  1621,  the  year  following  the  landing  of  the  Pilgrims, 
the  doughty  Captain  Myles  Standish,  with  ten  compan- 
ions, set  sail  from  Plymouth  to  explore  the  shores  of 
the  Bay  at  the  northward  and  to  secure  the  friendship 
of  the  Massachusetts  Indians.  It  is  thought  that  he  landed  on 
the  three-hilled  peninsula  called  "Shawmutt,"  which,  accord- 
ing to  some  authorities  in  the  Indian  language,  signified  "Near 
the  Neck,"  or,  "Where  there  is  going  by  boat;"  and  according 
to  others,  "Living  Waters,"  for  the  springs  of  the  peninsula 
offered  the  chief  inducement  for  the  selection  of  this  site  for 
a  settlement.  A  little  later  Robert  Gorges,  son  of  Sir  Fernando 
Gorges,  reached  these  shores.  With  him  was  one  Thomas  Mor- 
ton, who  settled  at  Merrymount,  now  in  the  city  of  Quincy, 
and  Samuel  Maverick,  who  founded  a  home  on  Noddle's  Is- 
land, East  Boston.  Still  another  with  Gorges  was  William 
Blackstone,  a  graduate  of  Cambridge  University,  the  pioneer 
and  only  white  settler  in  Boston  for  several  years  after  1625. 
He  is  a  somewhat  shadowy  figure,  who  dwelt  near  a  famous 
boiling  spring  on  the  western  slope  of  Beacon  Hill,  one  of  the 
three  hills  of  the  town.  Spring  Lane,  off  lower  Washington 
Street,  marks  the  location  of  another  early  spring. 

The  town  was  founded  in  1630,  during  the  reign  of  Charles  I, 
by  English  colonists  sent  out  by  the  "Governor  and  Com- 
pany of  Massachusetts  Bay  in  New  England."  John  Winthrop, 
who  had  been  chosen  governor  to  lead  the  expedition  of  the 
Bay  colonists  to  the  New  World,  had  arrived  in  Salem  the 
previous  June,  bearing  with  him  the  Charter  of  1629,  which 
transferred  for  the  first  time  the  control  of  the  colony  from 
England  to  New  England.  Salem  not  proving  to  their  liking, 
the  colonists  came  to  Charlestown,  where  they  made  the  first 
settlement,  crossing  the  river  in  a  few  months  to  Trimount, 
the  more  desirable  site.  The  order  of  the  founding  of  the  town 
was  adopted  by  the  Court  of  Assistants  sitting  in  the  Gover- 
nor's house  in  Charlestown  on  September  17,  1630.  The  chief 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


members  of  the  company  came  from  Boston  in  Lincolnshire, 
hence  the  name  given  to  the  new  town.  At  first  the  settlement 
was  called  "Trimountaine,"  from  the  original  name  of  Sentry 
or  Beacon  Hill,  it  having,  before  it  was  levelled  years  later, 
three  separate  peaks. 

The  outlines  of  the  old  town  are  shown  on  the  map  on  the  op- 
posite page.  It  included  seven  hundred  and  eighty-three  acres 
of  solid  land  and  marshes,  and  the  shore  was  much  cut  up  by 
bays  and  inlets.  A  narrow  neck  of  land,  often  overflowed  by  the 
tides,  connected  the  peninsula  with  the  mainland  at  Roxbury. 

The  waters  of  the  harbor  came 
ft  into  the  town  dock  at  the  head 

of  the  "Great  Cove,"  where 
Dock  Square  is  now,  and  the 
Charles  River  formed  a  large 
bay  to  the  west,  afterwards 
known  as  "Back  Bay,"  at  the 
present  time  filled  in. 

The  South  Bay,  an  arm  of 
the  sea  now  cutting  off  South 
Boston  from  Boston  Proper,  is 
the  remnant  of  the  original 
large  body  of  water  which  oc- 
cupied this  region.  A  ferry  of 
rowboats  was  established  in 
1637  connecting  Charlestown 
with  the  town,  and  for  one 
hundred  and  fifty  years,  until 
the  first  bridge  was  built,  this  was  the  only  means  of  commu- 
nication. The  ferry  was  worth  forty  pounds  a  year  to  the  ferry- 
man in  those  early  years,  and  soon  became  a  source  of  income 
to  Harvard  College,  being  given  to  the  college  by  the  Court. 
William  Wood,  an  educated  young  Englishman,  who  visited 
the  settlement  in  1630,  wrote  of  it: 

"Boston  is  two  miles  North-east  from  Roxberry:  His  situa- 
tion is  very  pleasant,  being  a  Peninsula,  hem'd  in  on  the  South- 
side  with  the  bay  of  Roxberry,  on  the  North-side  with  Charles- 


THE  OLD  SOUTH  CHURCH 
THE  FIRST  KING'S  CHAPEL 
AND  BEACON  HILL  IN  1742 


BOSTON 
The  solid  black  represents  the  part  which  has  been  filled.  A  large  portion  of  what  is  now 
the  principal  Business  District  was  originally  covered  by  water  and  was  connected  with  the 
mainland  by  a  very  narrow  neck.  The  Cambridge  side  of  Charles  River  has  also  been  filled 
quite  extensively. 


From  Guide  to  Metropolitan  . 


Copyrighted,  1899,  by  George  H.  Walker  &  Co.,  Boston 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  3 

river,  the  Marshes  on  the  backe-side,  being  not  halfe  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  over :  so  that  a  littel  fencing  will  secure  their  cattel 
from  the  Woolues.  ...  It  being  a  Necke  and  bare  of  wood 
they  are  not  troubled  with  three  great  annoyances  of  Woolves, 
Rattlesnakes  and  Musketoes." 

Indians  were  about  in  plenty,  however,  and  it  was  necessary 
to  be  on  the  constant  lookout  for  them.  It  was  for  protection 
against  these  foes  that  the  fort  was  built  on  Fort  Hill  in  1632 
and  another  in  East  Boston  by  Samuel  Maverick. 

The  following  quotation  from  the  early  records  shows  some 
of  the  problems  which  confronted  the  settlers:  "At  the  Gen- 
eral Court  at  Boston  in  September,  1632,  it  was  ordered  that 
Richard  Hopkins  should  be  severely  whipt  and  branded  with 
a  red  hot  Iron  on  one  of  his  Cheeks,  for  selling  Guns,  Powder, 
and  Shot  to  the  Indians.  At  the  same  Time  the  Question  was 
considered,  whether  Persons  offending  in  this  way  ought  not 
to  be  put  to  death  But  the  Subject  was  referred  to  the  next 
Court." 

Our  Puritan  forefathers  seldom  did  things  by  halves,  as  the 
foregoing  extract  shows.  Heretics  and  "witches"  had  a  hard 
row  to  hoe,  and  punishments  were  swift  and  sure.  It  is  related 
that  in  1640  one  Edward  Palmer,  for  asking  an  excessive  price 
for  a  pair  of  stocks  which  he  had  hired  to  frame,  had  the  pri- 
vilege of  sitting  an  hour  in  them  himself. 

The  settlement  was  hardly  formed  before  a  schoolmaster 
had  been  appointed  in  the  person  of  one  Philemon  Pormont, 
the  first  of  that  long  line  of  schoolmasters  that  has  kept  up 
the  supremacy  of  letters  through  all  the  stress  of  the  building 
of  a  nation.  Harvard  College  was  founded  in  1 636,  and  it  has 
remained  from  the  day  of  its  founding  not  only  the  first,  but 
the  foremost  university  in  America. 

These  were  the  days  of  the  greatest  usefulness  of  the  far- 
famed  baked  beans.  To  the  settler,  tramping  of  a  Sunday  to 
his  three-service  all-day  worship,  gun  on  shoulder  and  eye  for 
the  lurking  savage,  it  was  satisfying  to  the  inner  man  to  find 
on  returning  to  his  rude  house  that  the  smoking  bean-pot, 
snugly  ensconced  in  the  embers,  had  been  cooking  in  his  ab- 


4  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

sence,  and  was  ready  to  supply  his  system  with  that  toothsome 
trinity  of  proteids,  carbohydrates  and  fats,  the  Boston  Baked 
Bean. 

Of  medicine  in  these  days  there  is  little  to  note.  As  Dr. 
Holmes  says:  "Our  forefathers  appear  to  have  given  more 
thought,  a  great  deal,  to  the  salvation  of  their  souls,  than  to 
the  care  of  their  bodies.  Disease  itself,  the  offspring  of  sin  and 
penalty  of  a  poisoned  nature,  was  for  them  a  theological  entity 
rather  than  a  disturbed  physiological  process.  .  .  .  Very  little 
is  recorded  of  the  practitioners  of  medicine  compared  with  the 
abundant  memoirs  of  the  preachers."  There  were  physicians, 
to  be  sure,  many  of  them  well  trained.  John  Winthrop,  Jr., 
son  of  the  first  governor,  for  some  years  an  inhabitant  of 
Massachusetts  and  afterwards  Governor  of  Connecticut,  was  a 
noted  physician.  Charles  Chauncy  and  Leonard  Hoar,  presi- 
dents of  Harvard  College,  were  regular  graduates  of  medicine 
at  Cambridge,  England. 

There  were  women  physicians  as  early  as  1636,  when  Anne 
Hutchinson  came  to  Boston  to  practise  her  profession.  She  is 
spoken  of  as  a  person  "Very  helpfull  in  the  times  of  childbirth, 
and  other  occasions  of  bodily  infirmities,  and  well  furnished 
with  means  for  those  purposes." 

Margaret  Jones  of  Charlestown,  the  first  person  to  be  hanged 
in  New  England  for  witchcraft  (1648),  was  a  practising  physi- 
cian. Her  medicines  were  said  to  have  "extraordinary  violent 
effects." 

The  most  important  event  in  the  medical  history  of  pro- 
vincial times  was  the  introduction  of  inoculation  for  smallpox 
in  1721.  At  this  time  there  was  just  one  regularly  graduated 
physician  in  Boston,  William  Douglass.  He  opposed  inocula- 
tion with  a  ready  pen,  and  was  supported  by  the  press.  The 
ministers  of  this  time  were  quite  the  peers  of  the  doctors  in 
medical  knowledge,  and  it  is  not  strange  that  the  credit  for 
the  introduction  of  variolous  inoculation  should  be  given  to 
the  Rev.  Cotton  Mather,  who  had  read  in  the  Philosophical 
Transactions  of  the  Royal  Society  of  London  that  this  method 
had  been  used  in  Turkey  as  a  preventive  against  smallpox. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  5 

Dr.  Zabdiel  Boylston  supported  Dr.  Mather,  practised  in- 
oculation, and  even  inoculated  his  own  son  amid  the  most 
violent  opposition  and  abuse,  his  life  at  one  time  being  in 
danger. 

To  Dr.  Benjamin  Waterhouse  is  due  the  credit  for  the  in- 
troduction of  vaccination  for  smallpox  in  the  United  States. 
Dr.  Waterhouse  read  Jenner's  book  in  1799  and  a  little  later 
Pearson's  book  upon  Cow  or  Kinepox,  and  in  March,  1799^ 
began  the  publication  of  articles  on  vaccination.  He  received 
vaccine  from  England  and  first  of  all  vaccinated  his  own  son. 
He  furnished  infected  threads  to  President  Jefferson  at  Monti- 
cello,  with  which  the  President  vaccinated  all  his  immediate 
family  and  probably  himself. 

The  American  Revolution  began  in  Boston.  Just  when  the 
agitation  started  which  led  up  to   * 
the  war  is  a  matter  on  which  there 
is  a  difference  of  opinion. 

The  citizens  of  Boston  had  an 
opportunity  to  test  their  indepen-  iS" 

dence  and  their  resources  as  far  mf 

back  as  1746,  when  Louis  XV  sent   I 
a   powerful   fleet   of  ships    under   jjL_jfcv 
Admiral  D'Anville  to  wipe  the  town   | 
off  the  face  of  the  map  because  of  j^ffr"**' 
the   taking  of  Louisburg   by  the   p 
Provincials  the  previous  year.  The 

citizens  sank  stone   boats  in   the  boston  stone 

harbor,  and  organized  the  " train  bands  of  the  province"  to 
the  number  of  6400  men.  Their  deliverance  came  through  a 
violent  storm  which  wrecked  the  French  fleet  off  Grand  Manan 
Island,  in  the  Bay  of  Fundy. 

The  colonists  of  New  England  had  learned  that  they  could 
storm  and  take  one  of  the  strongest  fortresses  in  America 
without  help  from  outside,  and  furthermore  they  had  defied 
the  anger  of  the  most  powerful  prince  in  Europe  and  had  come 
off  without  harm,  as  they  thought  by  the  providence  of  God. 

Soon  after  this  the  impressment  of  American  seamen  in  the 


6  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

British  navy  aroused  the  ire  of  the  inhabitants.  It  seemed  as 
if  the  home  government  in  England  did  everything  it  could  to 
antagonize  the  colonists.  When  James  Otis  delivered  his  famous 
speech  against  the  "Writs  of  Assistance"  in  1761  he  was  not 
successful,  to  be  sure,  but  he  aroused  the  people  and  taught 
them  to  maintain  their  rights.  "Sam"  Adams  was  the  quiet, 
honored  leader  behind  the  scenes  who  had  the  confidence  of 
his  fellow-townsmen,  both  rich  and  poor.  He  called  town  meet- 
ings upon  occasions  of  need,  and  formal  and  dignified  resolu- 
tions were  passed  against  the  British  acts  of  repression. 

If  emphasis  were  needed  to  the  resolutions  a  mob  appeared 
in  the  streets  and  did  Adams's  bidding.  The  Stamp  Act,  passed 
by  the  British  Parliament  in  1765  to  raise  revenues  in  the 
American  colonies  by  the  sale  of  stamps  and  stamped  paper  for 
commercial  purposes,  and  the  tax  on  tea  aroused  great  hostility 
to  the  government. 

In  State  Street  was  shed  the  first  blood  of  the  Revolution, 
in  1770,  when  the  soldiers  fired  on  one  of  the  mobs  and  killed 
Crispus  Attucks,  a  negro,  and  two  others.  This  was  the  so- 
called  "Boston  Massacre." 

The  Boston  Tea  Party,  as  it  was  styled,  when  masked  men 
disguised  as  Indians  tossed  overboard  a  cargo  of  freshly  arrived 
tea  from  a  vessel  lying  at  Griffin's  Wharf,  occurred  in  1773,  and 
was  the  cause  of  the  Boston  Port  Bill,  which  closed  the  port 
to  trade. 

These  were  stirring  times  in  Boston.  Dr.  Joseph  Warren 
left  his  practice  to  further  the  cause  of  freedom.  Three  months 
before  his  death  at  Bunker  Hill  he  delivered  an  oration  in  the 
Old  South  Church  on  the  Boston  Massacre,  the  church  being 
so  carefully  guarded  by  the  soldiers  it  was  necessary  to  in- 
troduce him  into  the  building  through  a  window  behind  the 
pulpit. 

It  was  only  by  chance  that  the  Americans  learned  of  the 
British  plans  to  destroy  the  stores  and  ammunition  collected 
at  Concord.  The  secret  had  been  so  well  kept  that  it  is  said 
General  Gage's  second  in  command  did  not  know  until  the  next 
morning  the  troops  had  marched  to  Lexington.  A  groom  of  a 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  7 

British  grenadier  staying  at  the  Province  House  let  fall  the 
remark  to  a  hostler,  John  Ballard  by  name,  that  "there  would 
be  hell  to  pay  to-morrow."  This  was  April  18,  1775.  Ballard 
was  a  liberty  boy,  and  feigning  some  forgotten  errand,  left  the 
stable  in  haste  and  carried  the  news  to  Paul  Revere,  who  al- 
ready had  made  his  plans  as  to  the  signal  lanterns  to  be 
placed  in  Christ  Church  steeple. 

On  June  17,  1775,  was  fought  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill. 
It  is  a  singular  coincidence  that  this  should  be  St.  Botolph's 
Day,  the  East  Anglian  saint  for  whom  old  Boston  in  England 
was  named.  On  the  same  day  befell  the  taking  of  Louisburg 
by  the  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut  provincials  in  1745. 

The  names  of  Warren,  Putnam,  Prescott,  Pomeroy  and  Stark 
are  writ  large  on  the  rolls  of  the  heroes  of  the  Revolution. 

That  the  raw,  undisciplined  Americans,  fighting  in  their 
shirt-sleeves  in  the  little  redoubt  only  eight  rods  square,  could 
inflict  a  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  of  one  quarter  of  General 
Gage's  force  was  glory  enough,  and  was  fraught  with  results 
big  for  the  cause  of  freedom,  notwithstanding  that  the  British 
came  off  victors. 

The  loss  of  General  Joseph  Warren,  the  President  of  the 
Provincial  Congress,  was  equal  to  that  of  five  hundred  men  in 
the  estimation  of  General  Howe,  who  knew  him  well.  To  the 
remonstrance  of  his  friend,  Elbridge  Gerry,  who  begged  him 
not  to  go  to  Bunker  Hill,  Warren  replied,  Dulce  et  decorum  est 
pro  patiia  mori.  Deeply  hurt  by  the  reflections  cast  upon  the 
courage  of  his  countrymen  he  is  said  to  have  exclaimed,  "I 
hope  I  shall  die  up  to  my  knees  in  blood!"  He  was  shot  through 
the  head  by  a  musket-ball,  and  his  body  lay  on  the  field  until 
the  next  day,  when  it  was  recognized  by  Dr.  Jeffries,  and  was 
buried  on  the  spot  where  he  fell.  His  remains  were  removed 
years  later  to  the  family  vault  in  Forest  Hills  Cemetery. 

During  the  siege  of  Boston  in  1775  and  1776  by  the  Re- 
volutionary Army,  General  Knox  succeeded  in  bringing  more 
than  fifty  cannons,  mortars  and  howitzers  from  Ticonderoga, 
Crown  Point  and  other  distant  places  to  the  lines  before  Bos- 
ton, dragging  them  on  sledges  over  the  snow.  One  of  the  can- 


8  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

non  balls,,  perhaps  from  these  very  cannons,  found  lodgement 
in  the  wall  of  the  Brattle  Square  Church,  and  is  now  to  be  seen 
at  the  rooms  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society. 

The  British  used  Faneuil  Hall  for  a  theatre,  the  Old  South 
Church  for  a  riding-academy  for  the  dragoons,  the  Old  North 
Church  forfuel,  and  made  themselves  as  obnoxious  as  they 
could. 

On  the  morning  of  March  17,  1776,  they  awoke  to  find  that 
General  Washington  had  fortified  Dorchester  Heights,  so  that 
he  could  pitch  cannon-balls  into  the  fleet  in  the  harbor  and 
into  the  town.  Accordingly  they  went  aboard  their  ships  and 
evacuated  the  town,  and  Washington  came  triumphantly  in 
over  the  Neck  from  Roxbury. 

Boston  originally  had  jurisdiction  over  Charlestown,  East 
Boston,  Chelsea,  Revere,  Brookline,  Quincy,  Brain  tree  and 
Randolph,  so  that  even  in  colonial  days  there  was  a  Greater 
Boston.  It  was  not  until  1739  that  Boston  was  limited  to  the 
peninsula  proper  and  certain  of  the  islands  of  the  harbor.  At 
present  its  bounds  embrace  27,251  acres  of  original  land,  filled 
marshes  and  acquired  territory,  and  include  besides  "  Boston 
Proper,"  starting  at  the  east  and  swinging  around  to  the  south, 
west  and  north,  East  Boston,  South  End,  South  Boston,  Dor- 
chester, Roxbury,  Jamaica  Plain,  West  Roxbury,  Brighton, 
Back  Bay,  West  End,  North  End  and  Charlestown.  Brookline, 
the  wealthiest  town  in  the  country,  forms  a  wedge  between 
Brighton  on  the  north,  and  Jamaica  Plain  and  West  Roxbury 
on  the  south,  and  so  far  has  resisted  all  efforts  to  induce  it  to 
join  the  municipality, 

Boston  had  a  town  government,  with  a  board  of  selectmen, 
until  it  was  incorporated  as  a  city,  February  23,  1822.  It  is  in- 
teresting to  note  that  in  1734,  one  hundred  years  after  its 
settlement,  Boston  had  a  population  of  fifteen  thousand,  which 
is  the  present  population  of  Boston  in  England. 

In  1789  the  town  was  made  up  almost  entirely  of  wooden 
buildings,  of  which  there  were  some  twenty-three  hundred, 
and  the  population  numbered  a  little  over  eighteen  thousand 
souls. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  9 

Greater  Boston  is  supposed  to  include  the  "Boston  Basin," 
a  territory  of  some  fifteen  miles  in  width,  lying  between  the 
bay  on  the  east,  the  range  of  Blue  Hills  on  the  south,  and 
the  ridge  of  the  Wellesley  Hills  and  Arlington  Heights  on 
the  west,  around  towards  Cape  Ann  on  the  north.  This  region 
now  embraces  thirty-seven  cities  and  towns,  with  a  population 
in  190.5  of  1,262,841. 

Boston  is  divided  up  according  to  long-established  custom 
into  the  following  districts:  Central  or  Business  District;  East 
Boston, — two  islands,  Noddle's  and  Breed's;  South  Boston, 
projecting  into  the  harbor;  Dorchester  District  on  the  south- 
east ;  Roxbury  District  on  the  south ;  Jamaica  Plain  and  West 
Roxbury  on  the  southwest;  the  Back  Bay  and  the  Brighton 
District  on  the  northwest;  the  West  End  and  the  North  End 
and  the  Charlestown  District  on  the  north.  The  present  popu- 
lation is  a  little  under  600,000. 

Business  has  now  spread  from  the  Central  District  to  the 
North  End,  West  End  and  South  End,  and  also  into  the  Back 
Bay.  The  streets  of  the  city  are  notoriously  crooked  except  in 
the  Back  Bay  and  in  South  Boston.  According  to  an  old  song 
they  were  laid  out  by  the  cattle  when  we  lived  under  the 
King.  Many  of  them  were  at  first  lanes  and  paths;  all  of  them 
have  names  and  not  numbers,  with  the  single  exception  of  the 
streets  in  South  Boston. 

The  town  of  1630  was  laid  out  along  the  water-front,  and 
most  of  the  principal  houses  were  situated  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  what  are  now  Dock  Square  and  State,  Washington  and 
Hanover  streets.  In  later  years  the  better  residential  section 
spread  to  the  slopes  of  Beacon,  Copp's  and  Fort  hills,  and  up 
Washington  and  TrCmont  streets  to  the  South  End,  finally 
forsaking  this  region  for  the  Back  Bay. 

The  streets  were  lighted  by  lamps  until  1834,  when  gas 
was  introduced  from  the  works  errected  at  Copp's  Hill  in  1828. 

The  early  springs  in  time  gave  place  to  wells,  and  these  to 
running  water  brought  from  Jamaica  Pond  in  wooden  logs  by 
a  company  incorporated  in  1795.  Cochituate  water  was  intro- 
duced in  1848,  and  there  was  a  celebration  to  mark  the  event 


10  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

at  the  time  at  the  Frog  Pond  on  the  Common.,  for  which  James 
Russell  Lowell  wrote  his  ode  on  water. 

Water  for  the  city  now  comes  from  Lake  Cochituate,  the 
Sudbury  River  and  the  great  Wachusett  Reservoir  of  the  Metro- 
politan Water  Works  at  Clinton,  Mass.  The  introduction  of 
water  was  brought  about  largely  by  the  occurrence  of  disas- 
trous fires.  There  were  serious  conflagrations  in  1676,  1679, 
1711  and  1760.  The  most  disastrous  of  all  was  the  great  fire 
of  November  9,  1872,  which  destroyed  property  to  the  amount 
of  $60,000,000. 

Boston  claims  as  her  son  Benjamin  Franklin,  printer,  writer, 
inventor,  shrewd  statesman,  diplomat.  Franklin  left  in  his  will 
a  sum  of  money  for  the  benefit  of  the  artisans  and  working- 
men  of  his  native  city.  The  trustees  of  this  fund,  which  has  now 
accumulated  sufficiently  in  amount,  are  planning  at  the  pre- 
sent time  for  the  erection  of  the  Franklin  Union  to  carry 
out  his  wishes  and  to  honor  his  memory.  Daniel  Webster,  the 
great  orator,  statesman  and  lawyer,  had  his  home  at  Marshfield, 
not  many  miles  from  our  city. 

Boston  gave  to  the  world  the  electric  telegraph  and  the  tele- 
phone. S.  F.  B.  Morse,  the  inventor  of  the  telegraph,  was  born 
in  Charlestown  in  1791,  and  the  first  experimental  line  was 
stretched  from  Milk  Street  to  School  Street  in  1839- 

Alexander  Graham  Bell  came  to  Boston  from  Scotland  in 
1872,  and  lectured  at  Boston  University.  At  the  laboratories  of 
the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology  and  Harvard  Uni- 
versity he  worked  out  what  is  probably  the  greatest  time-saving 
invention  of  the  age,  the  speaking-telephone.  Boston  is  now 
one  of  the  greatest  telephone  cities  of  the  country,  the  heart 
of  the  telephone  industry,  from  which  have  spread  throughout 
the  world  this  wonderful  means  of  bringing  people  at  a  distance 
into  instant  communication.  The  story  is  told  of  a  prominent, 

somewhat  absent-minded  clergyman,  the  Rev. ,  who  had 

just  had  a  telephone  installed  in  his  house.  He  became  so  fas- 
cinated with  it  during  the  week  that  on  the  next  Sunday  morn- 
ing he  startled  his  congregation  by  announcing :  "  Give  us  hymn 
double  one-o-six — sing  three."  In  Quincy  was  built  the  first 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  11 

railway  in  America,  a  short  line  stretching  from  the  granite 
quarries  to  the  sea. 

The  Boston  region  has  been  foremost  in  popular  education 
from  Puritanical  times.  As  counting  in  the  educational  equip- 
ment, there  are  within  the  scope  of  the  metropolitan  region 
some  two  and  a  half  million  books  which  may  be  consulted  by 
the  public.  Many  notable  figures  in  the  realm  of  pure  literature 
adorn  the  pages  of  her  history.  Parkman,  Prescott  and  Motley 
wrote  their  histories  here. 

Here  lived  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  preacher,  poet,  philoso- 
pher, and  Nathaniel  Hawthorne,  that  matchless  weaver  of  ro- 
mances. Boston  and  Cambridge  were  the  homes  of  the  poets 
Longfellow,  Lowell  and  Holmes,  and  Whittier  lived  not  far  away. 

Nathaniel  Bowditch  made  his  translation  of  Laplace's  "Me- 
canique  Celeste"  in  Salem,  and  Asa  Gray,  the  botanist,  and 
Louis  Agassiz,  the  naturalist,  lived  and  worked  in  Cambridge. 

The  fishing  industry,  always  one  of  Boston's  chief  occupa- 
tions, still  maintains  its  supremacy.  Boston  is  the  second  port  in 
point  of  size  in  the  United  States.  It  is  the  greatest  wool  mar- 
ket and  the  greatest  boot  and  shoe  market  in  the  world.  In 
public  spirit  our  city  has  always  been  preeminent.  Bostonians 
are  the  first  to  respond  with  assistance  in  times  of  great  dis- 
asters. The  most  recent  instance  is  the  terrible  misfortune  which 
has  come  upon  San  Francisco.  The  news  was  barely  reported 
before  measures  were  taken  to  send  relief.  As  a  musical  cen- 
tre Boston  has  been  preeminent,  and  the  fame  of  the  Boston 
Symphony  Orchestra  has  spread  throughout  the  world. 

Boston  has  been  defined  facetiously  as  "not  a  locality,  but 
a  state  of  mind,"  and  it  is  the  pride  of  Boston  and  of  Massa- 
chusetts that  this  state  of  mind  is  the  heritage  from  Winthrop 
and  his  followers,  who  brought  with  them  to  New  England 
the  best  traditions  of  Old  England. 


HOW  TO  FIND  THE  WAY  ABOUT  THE  CITY 

CONSULT  map  facing  page  2,  and  note  the  points  of 
the  compass,  the  shape  of  the  city  and  that  Boston  is 
a  peninsula  separated  from  the  mainland  (Cambridge 
and  Charlestown)  on  the  west  and  north  by  the  Charles  River, 
from  Chelsea  and  the  island  of  East  Boston  on  the  northeast 
by  Boston  Harbor,  and  from  South  Boston  and  Dorchester  on 
the  southeast  by  the  South  Bay. 

Although  Boston  streets  are  narrow  and  crooked,  the  dis- 
tances are  not  great.  A  circle  with  a  mile  radius  from  City 
Hall  in  School  Street  includes  all  of  Boston  proper  and  small 
portions  of  Charlestown,  East  Boston,  South  Boston  and  the 
South  End,  and  a  large  section  of  the  Back  Bay. 

The  Boston  Elevated  Railway  has  charge  of  nearly  all  the 
street  railways  of  the  city,  both  surface  and  Subway  lines  as  well 
as  the  Elevated.  The  excellent  service  furnished  has  been  most 
favorably  commented  on  by  strangers  within  our  gates.  One 
can  make  long  trips  from  suburb  to  suburb  without  a  change, 
and  by  means  of  the  numerous  lines  of  electric  and  steam 
cars  the  beautiful  environs  of  the  city  are  kept  in  close  touch 
with  the  centres  of  traffic.  There  are  well  managed  cab-stands 
at  the  railway  stations,  and  there  are  in  the  city  large  motor 
busses  and  electric  cars  for  "seeing  Boston." 

It  is  well  to  get  in  mind  three  chief  centres  of  traffic  before 
describing  the  more  important  streets. 

I.  The  Junction  of  Tremont  and  Park  Streets.  Here  is  the 
end  of  the  loop  in  the  Subway  for  surface  cars  to  the  west: 
cars  may  be  taken  for  Brighton,  Brookline,  Cambridge,  New- 
ton, Waltham  and  other  places.  This  is  also  a  shopping  centre, 
and  Tremont  Street,  being  free  from  surface  tracks  at  this 
point,  makes  a  delightful,  unobstructed  promenade.  Winter 
Street,  Temple  Place  and  West  Street,  extending  through  to 
Washington  Street,  are  close  at  hand.  The  theatres  and  several 
hotels  are  near  the  Boylston  Street  station  of  the  Subway,  the 
first  station  south  of  Park  Street. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  13 

II.  Scollay  Square,  formed  by  the  junction  of  Court,  Tre- 
mont,  Brattle  and  Hanover  streets,  Pemberton  Square  and 
Cornhill.  Here  are  the  Subway  stations  for  the  main  line  of 
the  Subway  and  the  East  Boston  Tunnel.  Here  the  surface 
cars  from  the  north  of  Boston,  from  Charlestown,  Lynn,  Med- 
ford,  Saugus,  Chelsea  and  other  suburbs,  pass  around  a  loop 
before  returning.  Scollay  Square  is  close  at  hand  to  several 
prominent  hotels  and  to  the  City  Hall  and  State  Street,  not 
to  mention  the  Court  House  in  Pemberton  Square. 

III.  Copley  Square,  the  centre  of  the  Back  Bay  district  at 
the  junction  of  Boylston  and  Dartmouth  streets  and  Hunting- 
ton Avenue.  Here  surface  cars  from  all  three  streets  pass  at 
frequent  intervals  to  and  from  the  Public  Garden  entrance  of 
the  Subway.  The  Public  Library  and  Art  Museum,  Trinity,  the 
Second,  and  the  New  Old  South  churches  are  in  the  square, 
also  the  Back  Bay  branch  of  the  Post  Office.  Within  a  stone's 
throw  are  the  Back  Bay  Station  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven 
&  Hartford  Railroad  and  the  Trinity  Place  and  Huntington 
Avenue  stations  of  the  New  York  Central  &  Hudson  River  Rail- 
way. One  block  away,  beyond  the  Public  Library,  is  the  Harvard 
Medical  School.  Boylston  Street,  a  continuation  of  Essex  Street, 
which  starts  at  the  South  Station,  runs  through  the  square 
nearly  east  and  west.  Just  below  the  square  are  the  Walker 
and  Rogers  buildings  of  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Tech- 
nology, and  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  building. 

There  are  two  chief  railway  stations  in  Boston,  the  North 
Station  and  the  South  Station, 
the  Back  Bay,  Huntington  Ave- 
nue, and  Trinity  Place  stations 
being  only  adj  uncts  of  th  e  South 
Station.  The  North  Station 
is  on  Causeway  Street,  at  the 
foot  of  Friend  Street,  on  the 
waterside,  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Charles  River.  It  is  the  termi- 
nus of  the  many  divisions  of  l.  h.  shattud.  Photo. 
the  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad.  north  station 


14 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


There  is  a  station  of  the  Elevated  Railway  across  Causeway 
Street,  connected  by  a  covered  way  with  the  North  Station. 


N.  L.  Stebbins,  Photo. 


SOUTH  STATION 


Elevated  trains  may  be  taken  here  for  Charlestown,  Roxbury 
(Dudley  Street)  or  Atlantic  Avenue  circuit,  including  the  South 
Station.  The  Relief  Station  oftheBoston  City  Hospital  is  two  blocks 
south  at  Haymarket  Square.  Causeway  Street  leads  along  the 
water-front  to  the  east,  past  the  Boston  ends  of  the  two 
bridges  to  Charlestown,  soon  becoming  Commercial  Street, 
which  in  turn  merges  into  Atlantic  Avenue,  the  long  water- 
side street  of  the  city. 

Passing  through  Atlantic  Avenue  to  the  south  one  sees  all 
the  principal  wharves  of  the  city,  and  finally  reaches  the 
South  Station  in  Dewey  Square.  Both  Elevated  and  surface 
cars  run  on  Atlantic  Avenue.  Near  the  South  Station  are 
three  bridges  to  South  Boston  across  Fort  Point  Channel  which 
leads  to  the  South  Bay.  The  South  Station,  the  largest  pas- 
senger station  in  the  world,  is  the  terminus  of  the  New  York, 
New  Haven  &  Hartford  and  the  New  York  Central  &  Hudson 
River  railroads. 

Summer  Street  is  one  of  the  chief  retail  business  streets, 
extending  from  the  South  Station  to  Washington  Street  at  a 
point  opposite  Winter  Street.  There  are  surface  cars  on  Sum- 
mer Street  and  Washington  Street. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  15 

Washington  Street  is  the  long  street  of  the  city,  reaching 
from  the  Charlestown  Bridge  to  Roxbury  and  beyond.  The 
Subway  is  in  the  northerly  part  of  it,  and  the  Elevated  Rail- 
way in  the  southerly  part.  Surface  cars  pass  over  it  in  both  di- 
rections except  in  its  narrowest  portion,  Newspaper  Row,  be- 
tween Adams  Square  and  Milk  Street,  where  they  go  south 
only. 

Tremont  Street  is  another  long  street  of  the  city.  It  ex- 
tends from  Scollay  Square,  in  the  heart  of  the  city,  by  Rox- 
bury Crossing  and  nearly  to  Brookline,  being  approximately 
parallel  to  Washington  Street  for  a  large  part  of  its  course. 
There  are  surface  cars  on  it  except  over  the  Subway,  i.  e., 
from  Scollay  Square  to  Boylston  Street. 

Beacon  Street  begins  at  Tremont  opposite  School  Street, 
and  runs  over  Beacon  Hill,  past  the  State  House,  along  the  mar- 
gin of  the  Charles  River,  and  out  to  Chestnut  Hill  Reservoir. 

Charles  Street  passes  along  the  northerly  and  westerly 
water-front  of  the  city,  and  connects  the  North  and  West  Ends 
with  the  Back  Bay  and  South  End.  There  are  no  wharves  of 
importance  on  this  side  of  the  city.  It  extends  from  the  Craigie 
(Cambridge)  Bridge,'  past  the  grounds  of  the  Massachusetts  Gen- 
eral Hospital  and  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  In- 
firmary, by  the  new  Cambridge  Bridge,  and  between  the  Pub- 
lic Garden  and  Common  to  Park  Square.  The  yellow  Beit-Line 
cars  run  on  this  street. 

The  Back  Bay  is  laid  out  in  the  form  of  a  rectangle,  and 
the  short  cross  streets  between  Boylston  and  Beacon  streets 
are  named  alphabetically,  beginning  with  Arlington  Street  at 
the  Public  Garden. 

Huntington  Avenue  begins  at  Copley  Square,  and  extends 
to  the  Brookline  line.  The  Mechanics  Building  is  on  the  lower 
part  of  the  street,  and  Symphony  and  Horticultural  halls  are 
at  the  corner  of  Massachusetts  Avenue.  Near  this  corner  are 
also  the  Children's  Hospital  and  Chichering  and  Jordan  halls, 
the  latter  being  in  the  Conservatory  of  Music  building,  all  on 
Huntington  Avenue.  The  Tufts  College  Medical  School  build- 
ing is  a  little  farther  out  on  the  left-hand  side.  The  street 


16  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

crosses  Longwood  Avenue  when  nearing  Brookline,  and  sev- 
eral hundred  yards  away  are  the  new  buildings  of  the  Har- 
vard Medical  School. 

Massachusetts  Avenue  is  a  cross-town  street,  the  Boston  part 
beginning  at  the  Harvard  Bridge,  in  the  Back  Bay.  It  crosses 
all  the  long-  streets  of  the  Back  Bay,  Beacon  Street  first,  then 
Marlborough,  Commonwealth  Avenue,  Newbury  and  Boylston 
streets.  From  the  corner  of  Massachusetts  Avenue  and  Boyl- 
ston street  it  is  a  short  distance  to  the  west  to,  the  Fenway  and 
the  Boston  Medical  Library,  next  the  building  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society  which  stands  on  the  corner  of 
Boylston  Street  and  the  Fenway.  Massachusetts  Avenue  next 
crosses  Huntington  Avenue,  and  going  into  the  South  End  cuts 
across  Columbus  Avenue,  Tremont  Street,  Shawmut  Avenue 
and  Washington  Street,  where  it  comes  to  the  Northampton 
Street  station  of  the  Elevated  Railway.  Harrison  Avenue  is 
the  next  street,  and  Albany  beyond.  There  are  trolley  cars  on 
the  avenue  except  between  Columbus  Avenue  and  Albany 
Street. 

The  South  Department  (infectious  hospital)  of  the  City  Hospi- 
tal is  on  Massachusetts  Avenue,  between  Harrison  Avenue  and 
Albany  Street,  and  the  Boston  City  Hospital  is  only  a  block 
away,  on  Harrison  Avenue. 

To  the  visitor  viewing  Boston  from  an  elevation  the  chief 
lofty  landmarks  which  meet  his  eye  are  the  gilded  dome  of 
the  State  House  on  the  summit  of  Beacon  Hill,  the  many  sky- 
scraping  office  buildings  of  the  Business  District,  the  Cathedral 
of  the  Holy  Cross  on  Washington  Street  in  the  South  End, 
the  Carney  Hospital,  and  the  marble  monument  on  old  Dor- 
chester Heights  in  South  Boston;  in  the  distance  to  the  south, 
Blue  Hill  with  the  Observatory  crowning  its  summit,  and 
nearer  at  hand  the  white  minaret-like  old  stand-pipe  on  Fort 
Hill  in  Roxbury.  Parker  and  Corey  hills  are  to  the  west  of 
the  city,  and  the  large  dome  of  the  new  Christian  Science 
Temple,  on  Falmouth  Street  near  the  corner  of  Massachusetts 
and  Huntington  avenues,  is  much  in  evidence.  Other  land- 
marks are  the  spires  of  Trinity  and  the  New  Old  South  churches 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  17 

on  Copley  Square  in  the  Back  Bay;  Memorial  Hall  tower  at 
Harvard  in  Cambridge,  to  the  west;  and  to  the  north,  Bunker 
Hill  Monument  in  Charlestown,  and  the  Tufts  College  build- 
ings on  College  Hill  in  Somerville. 

The  Subway  was  first  opened  for  use  in  1 897,  and  the  Elevated 
Railway  in  1900;  together  they  provide  the  road-bed  for  the 
Elevated  trains.  Starting  at  the  terminal  in  Sullivan  Square, 
Charlestown,  where  surface  cars  gather  from  all  points  north, 
the  Elevated  is  a  high  trestle  until  it  reaches  the  heart  of 
Charlestown.  It  crosses  the  Charlestown  Bridge  as  an  elevated 
structure,  and  on  reaching  Causeway  Street  makes  a  sharp  turn 
to  the  west  to  reach  the  North  Station;  leaving  the  North  Sta- 
tion, the  tracks  enter  the  Subway  by  a  steep  decline  to  Hay- 
market  Square,  and  continue  under  the  surface,  through  Wash- 
ington and  Hanover  streets,  to  Scollay  Square,  together  with  the 
tracks  for  the  surface  cars  from  the  north,  which  pass  around  a 
loop  here.  Continuing  under  Tremont  Street,  the  Subway  tracks 
come  to  the  surface  at  Pleasant  Street,  at  the  junction  of  Tre- 
mont Street  and  Shawmut  Avenue.  A  branch  of  the  Subway 
for  surface  cars  forms  a  loop  at  Park  Street,  and  comes  to  the 
surface  on  the  Public  Garden  at  the  edge  of  Boylston  Street. 
The  elevated  tracks  begin  at  Pleasant  Street,  gradually  rise  and 
cross  the  tracks  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  Rail- 
road and  the  New  York  Central  &  Hudson  River  Railway,  turn 
to  the  east  along  Castle  Street,  and  then  south  over  Washington 
Street  to  the  present  terminal  at  Dudley  Street  in  Roxbury, 
where  surface  cars  may  be  taken  for  the  suburbs  to  the  south. 

The  Atlantic  Avenue  loop  of  the  Elevated  begins  at  the 
Boston  terminus  of  the  Charlestown  Bridge  and  extends  over 
Commercial  Street  and  Atlantic  Avenue  to  the  South  Station, 
and  thence  by  several  twists  and  turns  to  the  junction  with 
the  main  line  at  Washington  and  Castle  streets. 


CENTRAL  OR  BUSINESS  DISTRICT 


MOST  of  the  older  historic  landmarks  are  to  be  found 
in  the  Business  District  and  North  End,  or  the  part 
of  the  peninsula  to  which  Colonial,  Provincial  and 
Revolutionary  Boston  was  confined. 

Fort  Hill  Square  is  a  few  steps  from  the  Rowe's  Wharf  sta- 
tion of  the  Boston  Elevated  Railway,  passing  through  High 
Street.  It  is  the  site  of  Fort  Hill,  one  of  the  original  hills  of  old 
Boston,  levelled  in  1867-72.  Close  at  hand,  at  the  foot  of 
Pearl  Street,  near  what  is  now  the  western  side  of  Atlantic 

Avenue, — the    waterside 
street,  —  was  Griffin's 

Wharf,  scene  of  the  Boston 
Tea  Party.  A  tablet,  with  a 
model  of  a  tea  ship  and  an 
inscription,  marks  the  spot. 
Going  up  Pearl  Street, 
away  from  the  harbor,  we 
enter  Milk  Street  just  be- 
low Post  Office  Square. 
The  Post  Office  marks  the 
easterly  limit  of  the  great 
fire  of  1872,  which  burned 
over  an  area  of  sixty  acres, 
and  destroyed  property  to 
the  amount  of  sixty  mil- 
lion dollars.  The  crumbled 
stone  on  the  Milk  Street 
side  of  the  building  and  a 
tablet  in  the  wall  com- 
memorate the  disaster. 
Milk  and  Pearl  streets  were  the  site  of  many  fine  residences 
in  the  latter  part  of  the  eighteenth  and  early  part  of  the  nine- 
teenth centuries.  Some  of  the  first  families  of  the  town  occupied 
spacious  mansions,  surrounded  by  ample  lawns  and  gardens,  in 
this  vicinity. 


THE  OLD  SOUTH  CHURCH 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  19 

Near  the  head  of  Milk  Street,  No.  19,  and  nearly  opposite 
the  Old  South  Church,  is  the  birthplace  of  Benjamin  Franklin. 
The  Old  South  Meeting- Ho  use,  corner  of  Milk  and  Washing- 
ton streets,  was  built  in  1729-  A  previous  church  on  this  site 
was  built  in  1670.  On  Milk  Street,  just  behind  the  church, 
is  the  site  of  Governor  Winthrop's  second  mansion,  in  which 
he  died. 

Otis,  Warren  and  Hancock  addressed  the  citizens  from  the 
pulpit  of  the  Old  South;  Whitefield  preached  here;  town 
meetings  were  held  in  the  Meeting-House  in  1773,  which  led 
up  to  the  Boston  Tea  Party.  Dr.  Joseph  Warren  delivered  a 
series  of  orations  on  the  Boston  Massacre  here  three  months 
before  he  was  killed  at  Bunker  Hill.  The  church  was  used  as 
a  riding-school  by  the  British  dragoons  in  1775,  during  the 
siege  of  Boston.  The  building 
is  now  preserved  by  an  organi- 
zation of  twenty-five  Boston 
women,  as  a  loan  museum  of 
revolutionary  and  other  re- 
lics. The  Old  South  Lectures 
to  young  people  on  patriotic 
subjects  are  held  here  every 
year.  Open  to  the  public,  week 
days, 9  a.m.  to  6 p.m.  Fee,  twenty- 

2  >  l  '  3  THE  OLD  CORNER  BOOK  STORE 

five  cents. 

Spring  Lane,  the  next  street  to  Milk  Street  on  the  right- 
hand  side,  going  north  on  Washington  Street,  is  supposed  to  be 
the  site  of  the  earliest  spring  mentioned  by  the  first  settlers. 
The  Old  Corner  Book  Store  on  Washingon  Street,  corner  of 
School  Street  and  nearly  opposite  Spring  Lane,  is  a  weathered 
relic  of  the  past,  soon  to  give  way  to  a  modern  office  building. 
It  was  built  in  1712,  and  has  been  a  bookstore  ever  since  1828. 
Ticknor  and  Fields,  and  their  successors,  occupied  the  store 
for  a  series  of  years,  and  many  noted  authors  were  wont  to 
gather  here. 

On  the  opposite  side  of  Washington  Street,  from  the  Old 
South  Church,  and  one  hundred  yards  or  so  south,  is  a  passage- 


20 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


way  leading  into  Province  Court.  In  the  court  may  be  seen  a 
portion  of  the  wall  of  the  old  Province  House  (1667),  used  as 
a  residence  for  the  governors  in  colonial  times. 

Going  up  School  Street  we  come  to  the  Niles  Building  on 
the  right-hand  side  of  the  street,  not  far  from  the  Old  Corner 
Book  Store.-This  was  the  site  from  1785  to  1815  of  the  dwell- 
ing of  Dr.  John  Warren,  brother  of  Dr.  Joseph  Warren  and 
great-grandfather  of  the  present  Dr.  John  Collins  Warren.  He 
was  the  first  Professor  of  Anatomy  and  Surgery  in  the  Harvard 
Medical  School.  Note  the  portion  of  the  old  fireplace  and  the 
tablet  set  in  the  wall  of  the  entrance  hall. 

In  front  of  the  City  Hall  (1862),  on  School  Street,  are  the 
statues  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  by  Richard  Greenough,  and  that 
of  the  elder  Josiah  Quincy,  by  Thomas  Ball.  The  first  public 
Latin  schoolhouse  in  the  town,  the  predecessor  of  the  present 
Latin  School  on  Warren  Avenue,  was  erected  on  the  spot  be- 
tween the  City  Hall  and  King's  Chapel  in  1635,  whence  the 
name  of  the  street.  See  the  tablet  on  the  stone  post  in  the 
fence  in  front  of  City  Hall. 

Passing  through  City 
Hall  Avenue  we  come  to 
the  rear  of  the  Old  Court 
House,  built  in  1836  from 
the  designs  of  Solomon 
Willard,  the  architect  of 
Bunker  Hill  Monument. 
It  is  associated  with  the 
fugitive-slave  riots.  The 
colonial  prison  was  on 
this  site. 

Returning  to  School 
Street,  and  passing  to  Tre- 
mont,  we  come  to  King's 
Chapel.  Built  in  1754,  it  is 
the  second  King's  Chapel 
on  the  site,  and  the  first 
Episcopal  Church  in  Bos- 


king  s  chapel 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


21 


THE  WINTHROP  TOMB 


ton.  It  was  built  of  Quincy  granite  from  designs  of  Peter 
Harrison,  an  Englishman,  and  has  been  little  altered.  Note 
the  communion  table  of  1688  and  the  tablets.  It  is  now  occu- 
pied by  a  Unitarian  society.  The 
sexton  will  show  the  church  to 
members  of  the  Association  be- 
tween the  hours  of  9.30  a.m.  and 
Jf  p.  m.,  daily. 

The  Kings  Chapel  Burying- 
Ground  is  nearly  as  old  as  Boston. 
The  earliest  interment  of  which 
there  is  a  record  is  that  of  Governor  Winthrop  in  1649.  John 
Cotton  (1652),  pastor  of  the  First  Church;  Rev.  Thomas 
Thacher  (1678),  first  pastor  of  the  Old  South  Church;  Gover- 
nor John  Leverett  (1809),  and  Judge  Oliver  Wendell,  grand- 
father of  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes,  were  buried  here. 

Across  School  Street  from  King's  Chapel  is  the  Parker  House, 
one  of  the  chief  hotels  of  Boston.  A  part  of  the  hotel  covers  the 
site  of  Edward,  Everett  Hale's  birthplace.  Across  Tremont 
Street  is  the  Tremont  Office  Building,  occupying  the  site  of  the 
Tremont  House,  a  famous  inn  for  sixty 
years  previous  to  1  889- 

Tremont  Temple,  next  to  the  Parker 
House,  was  founded  as  a  Free  Baptist 
Church  in  1839-  The  present  building 
is  the  fourth  temple  on  this  site. 

The  Granary  Burying-Ground  is 
on  the  west  side  of  Tremont  Street, 
between  Beacon  and  Park  streets. 
Here  lie  buried  John  Hancock,  Sam- 
uel Adams,  James  Otis,  Robert  Treat 
Paine,  Peter  Faneuil,  Paul  Revere, 
Josiah  Franklin  and  wife  (parents  of 
Benjamin  Franklin),  John  Phillips,  first 
mayor  of  Boston,  and  father  of  Wen- 
dell Phillips;  many  governors,  as 
Richard  Bellingham  and  James  Bow- 


JOHN  HANCOCK 
MONUMENT 


22 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


FRANKLIN  MONUMENT 


doin,  and  the  victims  of  the  Boston 
Massacre  of  1770. 

Park  Street  Church  (1808)  (Con- 
gregational Trinitarian)  adjoins  the 
Granary  Burying-Ground  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Tremont  and  Park  streets, — 
\  "Brimstone  Corner/'  so  called  by 
the  unrighteous.  It  is  the  best  ex- 
ample remaining  in  the  city  of  the 
early  nineteenth  century  ecclesiasti- 
cal architecture.  It  stands  on  the  site 
of  the  town  granary,  from  which  the 
town  agents  sold  grain  to  the  poor. 
Here  William  Lloyd  Garrison  gave 
his  first  public  address  against  slav- 
ery, and  Charles  Sumner  delivered 
his  great  oration  on  "The  War  System  of  Nations."  In  this 
church  "America"  was  first  sung  on  July  4,  1832. 

Opposite  the  entrance 
to  the  Granary  Burying- 
Ground,  on  the  corner  of 
Bromfield  Street,  is  the 
Paddock  Office  Building, 
on  the  site  of  the  old  Pad- 
dock mansion;  and  look- 
ing into  Hamilton  Place, 
nearly  opposite  the  en- 
trance to  Park  Street 
Church,  we  see  the  north- 
erly front  of  the  old  Music 
Hall,  built  by  the  Har- 
vard Musical  Association 
in  1852,  and  now  a  vaude- 
ville theatre.  Theodore  \ 
Parker  preached  here,  and 
this  was  the  home  of  the  L 
Boston  Symphony  Orches- 


PARK  STREET  CHURCH 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  23 

tra  until  the  new  Symphony  Hall,  at  the  corner  of  Massachu- 
setts and  Huntington  avenues,  was  built  in  1900. 

No.  2  Park  Street  was  the  house  of  Dr.  John  C.  Warren. 
Here  Dr.  J.  Mason  Warren  was  born  and  died,  and  the  pre- 
sent Dr.  J.  Collins  Warren  began  practice.  It  was  occupied  for 
a  short  time  by  the  historian,  John  Lothrop  Motley. 

Boston  Common  was  set  apart  as  a  place  for  a  training  field  and 
for  feeding  the  cattle  in  1634,  four  years  after  the  settlement 
of  the  town.  It  extended  originally  from  the  junction  of  Beacon 
and  Tremont  streets  to  the  waters  of  the  Charles  River,  where 
Charles  Street  is  now.  At  present  it  comprises  about  forty-nine 
acres,  and  is  bounded  by  Beacon,  Park,  Tremont,  Boylston  and 
Charles  streets,  being  separated  from  the  Public  Garden  by  the 
last-named  street.  It  has  been  preserved  intact  by  orders  of 
the  town,  and  by  a  clause  in  the  City  Charter,  forbidding  its  sale 
or  lease,  or  the  laying  out  within  its  precincts  of  any  highway 
or  railway.  Handsome  trees  and  broad  walks  have  been  per- 
manent features  of  the  Common  for  many  years.  It  is  still  used 
as  a  training  field  by  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company  (1637),  who  annually  go  through  their  manoeuvres  on 
the  Parade  Ground  on  the  Charles  Street  side,  and  by  the 
Boston  School  Regiment,  who  have  their  May  trainings  upon 
it.  It  was  from  the  Parade  Ground  that  the  British  took  boats 
for  Lexington  and  Concord  in  April,  1775,  and  later  assembled 
forces  for  Bunker  Hill.  Cows  were  pastured  on  the  Common  as 
late  as  1830.  The  broad  walk  along  Tremont  Street  is  called 
Lafayette  Mall.  When  the  Subway  was  started  in  1895,  the 
mall  was  bordered  by  several  rows  of  ancient  elms  which 
were  in  a  decadent  condition.  These  were  removed  by  the 
building  of  the  Subway.  Note  the  granite  buildings  at  the 
entrances  and  exits  of  the  Subway.  Also  on  the  opposite  side 
of  Tremont  Street,  between  Winter  Street  and  Temple 
Place,  St.  Paul's  Church,  the  fourth  Episcopal  church  in  Bos- 
ton, dating  from  1820.  Daniel  Webster  attended  this  church, 
and  the  remains  of  Prescott,  the  historian,  are  buried  in  the 
crypt. 

About  halfway  between  West  and  Mason  streets,  in  the 


24  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

green  facing  Lafayette  Mall,  is  the  Crispus  Attucks  Monument, 
by  Robert  Kraus,  erected  by  the  State  in  1888  to  commemo- 
rate the  Boston  Massacre  of  1770. 

In  Mason  Street,  entered  just  beyond  the  Crispus  Attucks 
Monument,  is  the  second  home  in  Boston  of  the  Harvard  Medi- 
cal School.  The  building  on  the  easterly  side  of  the  street,  next 
to  the  entrance  of  the  Boston  Theatre,  and  occupied  in  the 
lower  story  by  the  horseless  fire  engine,  and  also  as  the  fire 
chief's  house,  was  erected  in  1815  for  the  Medical  School,  and 
was  occupied  by  the  school  until  1847.  Upstairs  are  now  the 
rooms  of  the  Boston  School  Committee.  The  Boston  Theatre, 
which  was  first  opened  to  the  public  in  1854,  was  in  its  day 
the  finest  and  largest  theatre  in  the  country,  and  even  now  can 
hold  its  own  in  point  of  size  and  acoustic  properties.  The  stage 
is  100  x  96  feet,  and  the  auditorium  seats  3,037  people.  "The 
Rivals"  was  the  opening  play,  given  by  an  excellent  cast.  Among 
the  famous  men  and  women  seen  on  this  stage,  John  Gilbert, 
Edwin  Forrest,  Edwin  Booth,  Charlotte  Cushman,  Clara  Louise 
Kellogg,  Ole  Bull,  Clara  Morris,  Joseph  Jefferson,  Adelaide 
Phillips  and  Carlotta  Patti  are  the  most  noted. 

On  one  corner  of  Boylston  and  Tremont  streets  is  the  Ma- 
sonic Temple  (1898),  housing  thirteen  different  lodges,  and  on 
the  opposite  corner  the  Touraine,  one  of  Boston's  leading 
hotels,  on  the  site  of  the  mansion  house  of  President  John 
Quincy  Adams.  Motor  busses  for  "seeing  Boston"  are  to  be 
found  on  Tremont  Street,  near  this  hotel. 

On  the  corner  of  Washington  and  Boylston  streets  the  Con- 
tinental Clothing  House  is  on  the  site  of  the  Boylston  Mar- 
ket, one  of  the  two  original  markets  of  the  old  town ;  and  oppo- 
site it,  on  the  other  side  of  Washington  Street,  in  the  wall  of  the 
building  on  the  corner  of  Essex  Street,  is  a  stone  tablet  mark- 
ing the  location  of  the  Liberty  Tree,  planted  in  1646,  and  cut 
down  by  the  Tories  in  1775.  When  cut  up  it  made  fourteen 
cords  of  wood.  A  flagstaff  was  erected  on  the  stump  of  the  tree, 
and  the  ground  around  it  was  called  "Liberty  Hall"  for  many 
years. 

The  old  Central  Burying- Ground  (1756)  is  on  the  Boylston 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


25 


Street    side    of    the 

Common.    Here    are 

buried  Gilbert  Stuart, 

the  portrait  painter, 

and  M.  Julien,  he  of 

Julien     soup     fame. 

Coming  from  France 

as  a  refugee  from  the 

French      Revolution, 

he  kept  a  famous  re- 
staurant, called  "Ju-  the  frog  pond 

lien's  Restorator,"the  first  of  the  sort  in  the  town. 

The  Army  and  Navy  Monument  is  on  the  hill  nearly  in  the 

centre  of  the  Common.  It  was  erected  by  the  city  in  1877, 

and  is  the  work  of  Martin 
Milmore.  At  the  foot  of 
this  hill,  to  the  east,  stood 
the  "Great  Elm,"  which 
was  thought  to  be  older 
than  the  town.  From  its 
limbs  witches  and  pirates 
were  hung.  It  was  blown 
down  in  a  windstorm 
February  1 5, 1 876.  A  tree, 
grown  from  a  shoot,  and 
an  iron  tablet  now  mark 
the  site. 

On  the  easterly  side  of 
Monument    Hill    is    the 
Frog  Pond,  a  shallow  pool, 
the  survivor  of  a  marshy 
"the  long  path"  bog   which   formerly   oc- 

boston  common  cupied  this  ground.  The 

children  sail  their  boats  here  in  the  summer  and  skate  in  winter. 

"The  Long  Path,"  which  runs  from  Joy  Street  to  Boylston 

Street,  is  made  immortal  in  Dr.    Holmes's  "Autocrat  of  the 

Breakfast-Table. ' ' 


26 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


Copyright,  1 897,  by 
"The  above  reproduction 


Augustus  St.  Gaudens 


Ixed  by  the  sculptor 
SHAW  MONUMENT 


One  of  the  finest 
pieces  of  outdoor  sculp- 
ture in  the  city  is  the 
Colonel  Robert  Gould 
Shaw  Memorial  (1897) 
on  the  Beacon  St.  Mall, 
facing  the  State  House. 
The  large  bronze  tablet 
in  high  relief,  repre- 
senting Colonel  Shaw 
mounted  at  the  head 
of  his  troops,  is  the 
work  of  Augustus  St. 
Gaudens,  and  the  ar- 
chitect of  the  elaborate  stone  setting  is  Charles  F.  McKim. 
There  is  an  inscription  by  President  Eliot,  and  also  verses  by 
Lowell  and  Emerson.  On  Beacon  Street,  opposite  the  Shaw 
Memorial,  is  a  large  freestone  house,  No.  2Q,  on  the  site  of  the 
John  Hancock  House.  A  bronze  tablet  set  in  the  iron  fence 
in  front  of  the  house  commemorates  the  fact  that  here  stood 
the  residence  of  John  Hancock,  the  first  signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  American  Independence,  and  first  governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts under  the  State 
Constitution.  \\  ■  ■,  - 

The  State  House 
(1795),  with  its  gilded 
dome,  stands  at  the  top 
of  a  broad  sweep  of  gran- 
ite steps  on  Beacon  Hill. 
It  occupies  the  cow  pas- 
ture of  the  Hancock  es- 
tate. The  historic  Bulfinch 
Front  wras  designed  by 
Charles  Bulfinch,  and  was 
the  Massachusetts  State 
House  Until  1853,  when 
an    addition    to    the   Mt. 


THE  JOHN  HANCOCK  HOUSE 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


27 


Vernon  Street  side  was  built.  The  State  House  Annex,  the  por- 
tion of  the  building  extending  back  to  Derne  Street,  crossing 
Mt.  Vernon  Street  by  an  arch,  was  built  on  the  site  of  the  old 


STATE  HOUSE 


stone  reservoir  in  1889.  The  dome  was  first  gilded  in  1874,  and 
of  late  years  it  has  been  illuminated  at  night  by  rows  of  electric 
lights. 

On  the  highest  of  the  three  original  peaks  of  the  hill  rising 
to  the  rear,  and  north  of  the  Bulfinch  Front,  the  Beacon,  from 
which  the  hill  takes  its  name,  was  erected  early  in  1600,  to 
warn  the  country  of  danger.  It  consisted  of  an  iron  skillet,  filled 
with  combustibles,  suspended  from  a  mast.  An  Independence 
Monument,  the  first  in  America,  designed  by  Bulfinch,  was 
erected  on  the  site  of  the  Beacon  in  1790, and  in  1811,  when  the 
peak  was  levelled,  this  monument  was  destroyed,  only  the  tablets 
and  the  gilded  wooden  eagle  which  surmounted  it  being  pre- 
served. The  present  monument,  a  reproduction  of  the  Bulfinch 
one,  was  erected  by  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Association 
in  1898,  as  nearly  as  possible  on  the  site  of  the  original  beacon. 


28  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

In  front  of  the  State  House  are  the  statues  of  Horace  Mann, 
by  Emma  Stebbins,  on  the  side  towards  the  Hancock  House, 
and  Daniel  Webster,  by  Hiram  Powers,  on  the  north  side.  Far- 
ther away,  on  the  Beacon  Street  side,  is  the  equestrian  statue 
of  Major-General  Joseph  Hooker,  by  D.  C.  French,  the  horse  by 
E.  C.  Potter.  The  statue  on  the  lawn  near  the  monument  is 
that  of  Major-General  Charles  Devens,  by  Olin  L.  Warner. 
The  entrance  hall  in  the  Bui  finch  Front  is  Doric  Hall.  Note 
the  statues  of  Washington  and  Governor  John  A.  Andrew,  and 
the  brass  cannon  captured  in  the  War  of  1812. 

The  historical  paintings  in  the  Grand  Staircase  Hall  are  to 
be  noted.  In  the  marble  Memorial  Hall  are  the  battle  flags  car- 
ried by  the  Massachusetts  Volunteers  in  the  Civil  War,  and 
mural  paintings  by  H.  O.  Walker  and  Edward  Simmons. 

In  Representatives  Hall  see  the  historic  codfish  suspended 
opposite  the  speaker's  desk.  This  is  a  reproduction  of  the 
wooden  codfish,  a  emblem  of  the  staple  of  commodities  of  the 
Colony  and  the  Province,"  which  hung  from  the  ceiling  of 
Representatives'  Hall  in  the  Old  State  House  on  Washington 
Street. 

In  the  State  Library  in  the  State  House  Annex  is  the  fa- 
mous Bradford  Manuscript,  the  "History  of  Plimoth  Planta- 
tion," the  so-called  "Log  of  the  c Mayflower,'"  by  Governor 
William  Bradford.  This  was  found  in  the  library  of  the  Bishop  of 
London's  palace  at  Fulham,  and  was  returned  to  the  Com- 
monwealth in  1897,  through  the  efforts  of  Senator  Hoar  of 
Massachusetts,  and  the  Hon.  Thomas  F.  Bayard,  ambassador  at 
the  Court  of  St.  James.  On  the  south  side  of  the  State  House 
is  Hancock  Street,  and  at  No.  20  was  the  home  of  Charles 
Sumner,  the  successor  of  Daniel  Webster  in  the  United  States 
Senate. 

The  Boston  Athenaeum  (1849)  is  on  Beacon  Street,  east  side, 
just  below  Park  Street.  It  is  a  library  of  over  two  hundred 
thousand  volumes,  including  many  rare  books.  It  was  formerly 
an  art  gallery  as  well,  many  of  its  valuable  works  of  art  now 
being  at  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  on  Copley  Square. 

The    Congregational  House,  the   Unitarian  Building  and  the 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  29 

Ford  Memorial  (Baptist)  are  close  at  hand  on  Beacon  Street. 
In  Somerset  Street,  No.  18,  are  the  rooms  of  the  New  England 
Historic  Genealogical  Society  (1844),  where  there  is  a  valuable 
library  of  more  than  fifty  thousand  volumes  and  one  hundred 
thousand  pamphlets,  comprising  the  best  known  collection  of 
biographies,  genealogical  works  and  histories,  and  many  rare 
manuscripts  and  relics. 

In  Somerset  Street  are  the  headquarters  of  Boston  Univer- 
sity (1869),  for  both  sexes.  The  schools  of  liberal  arts  and  all 
sciences  are  here,  the  school  of  medicine  (homeopathic)  being 
on  East  Concord  Street  at  the  South  End. 

Somerset  Street  leads  us  from  Beacon  Street  to  Pemberton 
Square,  by  the  first  turn  on  the  right,  where  the  present  County 
Court  House  (1 887)  is  situated.  John  Cotton's  house  (1633)  stood 
on  the  southeast  side  of  the  square  near  the  entrance  from  Scol- 
lay  Square.  Next  to  it  was  Sir  Harry  Vane's  house  when  he  was 
governor  of  the  colony  in  1636.  The  Cotton  estate  originally 
covered  a  large  part  of  Pemberton  Square,  and  at  one  time 
gave  the  name  of  Cotton  to  the  hill. 

The  Howard  Athenaeum,  an  old  playhouse,  on  Howard  Street, 
off  Court,  was  founded  in  1 845,  occupying  on  its  present  site  a 
building  once  used  for  the  tabernacle  of  a  so-called  prophet 
named  Miller.  The  theatre  was  opened  with  "The  School  for 
Scandal,"  the  participants  being  noted  actors  and  actresses. 
In  1 846'  the  building  was  burned,  and  the  present  structure 
was  built  in  the  same  year.  Here  the  famous  actor  William 
Warren  made  his  debut  in  "The  Rivals."  The  famous  Viennoise 
children  were  also  first  seen  here.  The  house  is  most  noted  as 
being  the  scene  of  the  first  production  of  Italian  opera  ever 
given  in  Boston.  The  company  was  from  Havana,  and  pre- 
sented "  Ernani "  in  1 847.  The  prestige  of  the  theatre  has  gradu- 
ally declined,  until  now  the  house  is  known  only  as  a  variety 
theatre. 

Scollay  Square — so  called  because  the  residence  of  William 
Scollay  (1800)  stood  on  the  site  of  the  old  Boston  Museum, 
No.  18  Tremont  Street — is  formed  by  the  junction  of  Court 
and  Tremont  streets.  Running  out  of  the  square,  besides  Court 


30  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

and  Tremont  streets.,  are  Cornhill,  Pemberton  Square  and  Brat- 
tle Street.  This  is  one  of  the  great  centres  of  traffic.  Below  the 
surface  are  the  Tremont  Street  Subway  and  the  terminus  of  the 
East  Boston  Tunnel,  and  in  the  future  the  Boston  end  of  the  Cam- 
bridge Subway  will  be  here  also.  The  electric  cars  from  the  re- 
gion north  of  Boston  pass  around  a  loop  in  the  Subway  at  this 
point. 

Cornhill  (181 6)  was  always  a  street  of  bookshops,  and  was 
originally  called  "Cheapside,"  after  the  London  street.  About 
midway  on  the  north  side  is  a  narrow  alley  called  Franklin 

Avenue,  leading  to  Brattle 
Street.  On  the  east  corner  of 
Franklin  Avenue  and  Corn- 
hill was  the  printing  office  of 
James  Franklin,  where  Ben- 
jamin Franklin  learned  the 
printer's  trade  as  his  bro- 
ther's apprentice.  Here  he 
composed  and  printed  the 
ballads  on  "The  Lighthouse 
Tragedy ' '  and  on  "  Teach ' '  (or 
"Blackbeard"),  the  pirate, 
which  he  peddled  about  the 

FRANKLIN  S  PRESS  ^^ 

Opposite  the  Brattle  Square  end  of  Franklin  Avenue  was 
Murray's  Barracks,  where  were  quartered  from  1768  to  1770  the 
most  obnoxious  of  the  British  regiments,— the  Twenty-Ninth. 
Here  the  trouble  began  wThich  ended  in  the  Boston  Massacre. 

The  Quincy  House,  a  hotel  on  Brattle  Street,  is  on  the  site  of 
the  first  Quaker  Meeting-House  (1697),  the  first  brick  church 
in  the  town.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  street  was  the  Brattle 
Square  Church  (1773)  (Unitarian),  razed  in  1871,  which  bore 
in  its  front  wall  a  cannon  ball  as  a  memento  of  the  siege  of 
Boston.  This  cannon  ball  is  now  preserved  in  the  rooms  of  the 
Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  corner  of  Boylston  Street 
and  the  Fenway.  A  portion  of  the  stonework  of  this  church  is 
incorporated  in  the  tower  of  its  successor,   bought  by  the 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


31 


FANEUIL  HALL 


First  Baptist  So- 
ciety^ at  the  cor- 
ner of  Common- 
wealth Avenue 
and  Clarendon 
Street. 

Adams  Square, 
in  Washington 
St.  at  the  foot 
of  Cornhill  and 
Brattle  Street,  is 
decorated  by  a 
bronze  statue  of 
Samuel  Adams, 
by  Anne  Whit- 
ney. It  repre- 
sents him  as  he 
is  supposed  to 
have  appeared 
as  chairman  of  the  committee  of  the  town  meeting  the  day 
of  the  Boston  Massacre,  when  before  Lieutenant-Governor 
Hutchinson  and  the  Council  in  the  Council  Chamber  of  the 
Old  State  House,  neat  at  hand. 

The  easterly  part  of  Adams  Square  merges  into  Dock  Square, 
which  was  at  the  head  of  the  old  Town  Dock.  Faneuil  Hall 
(1763),  the  "Cradle  of  Liberty/'  is  on  made  land  at  the  mar- 
gin of  the  dock.  The  Adams  Square  station  of  the  Subway  is 
not  far  off,  and  many  cars  pass  at  frequent  intervals  down 
Washington  Street 

The  original  building  was  given  to  the  town  of  Boston  as  a 
market  house  by  Peter  Faneuil  (pronounced  fauet)  (1700- 
1743),  whose  mansion  was  on  Tremont  Street  opposite  King's 
Chapel  Burying-Ground.  The  building  was  of  brick,  and  sub- 
stantial, and  was  completed  only  a  few  months  before  Faneuil's 
death.  It  was  one  hundred  feet  long,  forty  feet  wide,  and  two 
stories  high,  and  the  hall,  which  was  an  afterthought  of  the 
donor,  held  one  thousand  persons. 


32  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

The  building  was  burned  in  1762,  and  was  reconstructed  at 
once  by  the  town,  the  old  walls  being  used  in  the  new  one. 
The  first  public  meeting  in  this  hall  was  held  March  14,  1763, 
when  the  patriot,  James  Otis,  consecrated  it  to  the  cause  of  Li- 
berty. Before  the  Revolution  the  historic  town  meetings  were 
held  in  the  hall  to  debate  "justifiable  resistance"  and  the 
rights  of  the  colonists.  During  the  siege  of  Boston  the  hall 
was  transformed  into  a  playhouse  by  the  British.  Since  the 
Revolution  it  has  been  the  popular  meeting  place  of  citizens  on 
important  occasions,  and  the  home  of  free  speech.  Daniel  Web- 
ster, Wendell  Phillips  and  Charles  Sumner  spoke  here.  In  1805 
the  building  was  remodelled  by  the  architect,  Charles  Bulfinch, 
when  it  was  doubled  in  width  and  made  a  story  higher,  and  in 
1898  it  was  reconstructed  with  fireproof  material  on  the  Bul- 
finch plan. 

A  market  has  been  maintained  in  the  ground  floor  and  base- 
ment from  the  beginning.  Across  the  street  is  the  long  granite 
Quincy  Market,  built  during  the  administration  of  Mayor 
Josiah  Quincy  in  1825. 

There  is  a  fine  collection  of  portraits  in  Fanueil  Hall,  nota- 
bly the  full-length  Washington,  by  Gilbert  Stuart;  the  portrait 
of  Peter  Faneuil;  Webster's  Reply  to  Hayne,  by  G.  P.  A. 
Healy;  and  the  "war  governor,"  John  A.  Andrew,  by  William 
M.  Hunt. 

The  gilded  grasshopper  on  the  cupola  of  the  building  is  the 
rejuvenated  one  of  1742, fashioned  by  "Deacon"  Shem  Drowne, 
who  was  immortalized  by  Hawthorne  in  "Drowne's  Wooden 
Image."  Drowne's  shop  was  hard  by.  The  Ancient  and  Honora- 
ble Artillery  Company  (1637)  have  occupied  the  rooms  over  the 
hall  for  many  years.  Here  is  a  museum  of  relics  of  Revolutionary, 
Provincial  and  Colonial  times.  Open  week  days,  9  a.  m.  to  4-  p- m- 
Free. 

Passing  through  Exchange  Street  from  Dock  Square  brings 
us  to  the  lower  end  of  the  Old  State  House  (see  cover  of 
Guide-Book  and  other  printed  matter  for  this  session  of  the 
Association),  which  stands  in  the  middle  of  the  street  at  the 
head  of  State  Street,  formerly  King  Street.  The  first  Town 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


33 


House  was  built  on  this  site  in  1657,  and  was  destroyed  by  fire 
in  1711.  The  second  Town  and  Province  House  (17 12),  on  the 
same  site,  was  burned  in  1747,  its  walls  only  being  preserved, 
and  these  are  the 
walls  of  the  pre- 
sent building.  It  has 
been  used  as  Town 
House,  as  Province 
Court  House,  Court 
House,  State  House 
and  City  Hall.  It  was 
restored  in  1882  to 
its  original  appear- 
ance, after  being 
used  for  business 
purposes.  The  lion 
and  unicorn  which 
ornament  its  eastern 
end  are  new  and 
faithful  reproduc- 
tions of  the  origi- 
nal ones  which  were 
destroyed  during  the 
Revolution.  The  ar- 
chitecture of  the 
building  has  not  been  changed,  except  to  make  entrances  and 
exits  to  the  basement  for  the  Subway  and  East  Boston  Tun- 
nel. There  is  a  window  of  twisted  crown  glass  in  the  second 
story,  out  of  which  all  the  later  royal  governors  of  the  pro- 
vince and  the  early  governors  of  the  Commonwealth  looked. 
The  eastern  room  on  the  second  floor  was  the  Council  Chamber, 
and  the  western  room  the  Court  Chamber,  the  Hall  of  the  Re- 
presentatives being  between  the  two.  The  Bostonian  Society  has 
a  collection  of  antiquities  and  relics  in  the  upper  stories. 

State  Street  Square,  the  portion  of  the  street  toward  which 
the  Old  State  House  faces,  together  with  the  site  of  the  Old 
State  House,  were  originally  the  public  marketstead  in  early 


THE  OLD  STATE  HOUSE 
AND  SCENE  OF  BOSTON  MASSACRE 


34  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

colonial  days.  Here  were  placed  the  stocks,  whipping-post  and 
pillory.,  and  this  was  the  gathering-place  of  the  populace.  On 
the  evening  of  March  5,  1770,  occurred  the  Boston  Massacre, 
so-called,  when  the  soldiers  shot  down  the  people  and  the  first 
blood  of  the  Revolution  was  shed.  Three  were  killed  and  two 
mortally  wounded.  The  site  is  marked  by  a  tablet  on  the  wall 
at  the  corner  of  Exchange  Street.  Observe  the  circular  arrange- 
ment of  the  paving  stones  in 
the  street  opposite  the  tablet 
marking  the  spot.  Note  the  in- 
scription on  No.  27  State  St., 
the  Brazer  Building,  marking 
the  site  of  the  first  meeting- 
house (1 632). 

The     tall     granite     Boston 

council  chamber  Stock  Exchange  Building  (at 

old  state  house  No  5tS^farther  down  thestreet 

on  the  right-hand  side,  covers  the  site  of  Governor  Winthrop's 

first  house,  and  at  the  corner  of  Kilby  Street  stood  the  Bunch 

of  Grapes  Tavern,  a  celebrated  inn  in  provincial  times. 

At  the  corner  of  India  Street  is  the  United  States  Custom 
House  (1847).  Turning  down  India  Street  we  come  to  the  gran- 
ite Chamber  of  Commerce  Building  (1902).  A  little  farther  along 
is  Custom  House  Street,  wThere  is  the  Old  Custom  House  (Nos. 
14  to  20),  in  which  Bancroft,  the  historian,  and  Nathaniel 
Hawthorne  served  as  collector  and  customs  officer,  respectively. 
The  building  is  now  a  story  higher  and  is  occupied  as  a  stable. 
"Old  Custom  House"  is  cut  in  the  granite  of  the  facade. 

Long  Wharf  (ll\0)  is  at  the  foot  of  State  Street.  Here  the 
royal  governors  made  their  formal  landings,  and  the  British 
soldiers  came  and  went. 

At  right  angles  to  State  Street  is  the  waterside  street, 
Atlantic  Avenue,  nearly  on  the  line  of  the  ancient  Barricado, 
an  early  harbor  defence,  erected  in  1673  between  the  north 
and  south  points  of  the  "Great  Cove."  Going  to  the  north  a 
short  distance  from  Long  Wharf  we  come  to  T  Wharf  (No.  178), 
a  part  of  the  Barricado,  the  headquarters  of  the  fishing  industry 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


35 


of  Boston.  There  is  a  museum  here  of  interesting  things  pertain- 
ing to  the  sea,  which  is  well  worth  seeing.  The  wharf  is  so  named 
because  of  its  original  shape. 


N.  L.  Stebbins,  Photo. 


T  WHARF 


THE  SOUTH  END 

THE  term  South  End  has  had  different  meanings  at 
different  periods  in  the  history  of  Boston.  At  one 
time  the  present  site  of  the  Old  South  Church,  now 
in  the  heartrof  the  business  section,  was  considered  to  be  in 
this  district ;  this  church,  in  fact,  was  so  named  because  it  was 
situated  in  what  was  then  called  the  South  End  of  Boston.  As 
business  encroached,  the  northerly  limits  of  the  South  End 
have  been  pushed  more  and  more  to  the  south.  For  our  pur- 
pose the  South  End  is  considered  to  comprise  that  part  of  the 
city  bounded  on  the  north  by  Eliot  and  Kneeland  streets,  on 
the  east  by  the  South  Bay,  on  the  west  by  Huntington  Ave- 
nue, and  on  the  south  by  Roxbury. 

The  South  End  as  considered  to-day  has  little  of  historical 
interest  when  one  compares  it  with  the  North  and  West  Ends. 
The  only  part  that  existed  in  colonial  times  was  the  narrow  neck 
of  land  that  occupied  the  present  site  of  Washington  Street 
(see  map  facing  page  2).  Until  1786  this  neck  was  the  only  way 
b}^  which  carriages  could  enter  Boston,  and  was  flanked  on 
either  side  by  large  expanses  of  marsh  covered  with  water  at 
high  tide,  and  called  respectively  the  South  and  Back  Bays. 

Near  the  intersection  of  Washington  and  Dover  streets  there 
were,  from  early  colonial  times  until  the  Revolution,  forts  that 
commanded  this  causeway.  During  the  Revolution  there  were 
British  and  colonial  fortifications  at  either  end  of  this  neck.  At 
a  little  later  time  the  region  near  Dover  Street  was  the  site  of 
a  number  of  brickyards,  and  here  the  gallows  was  situated  dur- 
ing many  years. 

With  the  exception  of  Washington  Street,  the  whole  region 
is  of  relatively  recent  origin,  and  was,  like  the  Back  Bay,  re- 
claimed by  filling  marshes.  The  filling  of  the  marshes  that  ex- 
tended along  the  sides  of  Washington  Street  began  in  the  '30's, 
and  was  completed  in  the  '60's.  It  was  expected  that  this  region 
would  become  the  "court  end"  of  Boston,  and  in  the  '50's  and 
'60's  so  many  fine  mansions  were  built  about  the  small  parks 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


37 


M.  D.  Miller,  Photo. 

BOSTON    DISPENSARY 


and  squares  of  the  South 
End  that  its  future  was 
supposed  to  be  assured. 
About  1870,  however, 
fashion  began  to  forsake 
the  South  End  for  the 
newer  Back  Bay  re- 
gion. This  exodus,  once 
started,  was  followed 
and  hastened  by  the  en- 
croachment of  factories 
and  small  shops,  and  by 
a  very  considerable  in- 
flux of  people  of  foreign  birth.  These  changes  have  been  most 
complete  on  the  east  of  this  district.  On  the  west  there  are 
still  some  people  who  have  clung  to  their  old  homes  in  spite 
of  the  change  in  fashion,  as  is  the  case  of  Louise  Chandler 
Moulton,  who  still  resides  at  No.  28  Rutland  Square. 

The  greater  part  of  this  region,  however,  is  one  of  small 
shops,  humble  homes,  tenements  and  lodging-houses.  That  part 
of  the  South  End  that  borders  the  Back  Bay  has  been,  and  still 
is,  the  "student  quarter"  of  Boston. 

The  main  thoroughfare  is  Washington  Street.  Shortly  after 
entering  this  street  at  the  northerly  edge  of  this  district,  we 
come,  on  the  left,  to  Bennet  Street.  Here  is  situated  the  Bos- 
ton Dispensary,  the  oldest  medical  charity  in  Boston.  This  in- 
stitution, which  was  founded  in  1796,  was  the  third  of  its  kind 
in  the  country.  The  idea  was  to  give  gratuitous  medical  treat- 
ment to  the  worthy  sick,  either  at  their  homes  or  at  the  dis- 
pensary physician's  office.  For  many  years  the  office  of  the 
apothecary  was  at  No.  92  Washington  Street,  where  hung,  as  a 
sign,  a  crude  representation  of  the  Good  Samaritan,  now  to  be 
seen  in  the  dispensary. 

This  plan  of  seeing  patients  in  their  homes,  or  at  the  physi- 
cian's office,  was  followed  out  until  1856.  Oliver  Wendell 
Holmes,  when  a  dispensary  physician  in  1837,  urged  upon  the 
managers  the  importance  of  establishing  a  consulting  room.  In 


38 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


1856  a  building,  occupying  the  site  of  the  present  dispensary, 
was  secured,  and  since  that  time  the  work  has  been  divided 
between  the  central  station,  which  is  like  that  of  an  ordinary 
out-patient  department,  and  the  district  visiting,  in  which  visits 
are  made  at  the  homes  of  patients.  For  this  latter  purpose  the 
poorer  parts  x)f  the  city  are  divided  into  fourteen  districts,  each 
one  of  which  is  under  the  care  of  a  dispensary  physician,  who 
is  accompanied  on  his  visits  by  a  nurse  appointed  and  paid  by 
the  Instructive  District  Nursing  Association,  founded  in  1886. 
The  nurse  spends  the  whole  of  the  day  looking  after  the  new 
and  old  patients  in  her  district. 

r-     .  The  main  part  of  the  pre- 

sent building  was  erected  in 
1883,  and  enlarged  in  1900. 
It  is  already  too  small  for  its 
purpose,  and  further  addi- 
tions are  planned.  The  dis- 
pensary has  a  staff  of  about 
one  hundred.  Nearly  one 
hundred  thousand  visits  are 
made  at  the  central  station 
annually,  while  the  district  physicians  make  between  twenty 
and  twenty-five  thousand  calls. 

At  the  foot  of  Bennet  Street,  facing  on  Harrison  Avenue,  is 
the  south  branch  of  the  Boston  Lying-in  Hospital,  where  the 
students  of  the  Harvard  Medical  School  reside  while  they  are 
caring  for  their  obstetric  cases  under  the  supervision  of  the 
physicians  of  the  hospital. 

Continuing  out  Washington  Street,  one  comes,  at  Castle 
Street,  to  the  place  where  the  superstructure  of  the  Elevated 
Road  branches  to  the  east  and  west.  Here  is  situated,  on  the 
right,  the  Wells  Memorial  Institute,  the  headquarters  of  the 
Central  Labor  Union  and  a  large  number  of  trade  unions.  This 
institution  provides  for  instruction  in  trades  and  domestic  arts, 
and  furnishes  a  meeting-place  for  various  organizations. 

The  Boston  Female  Asylum,  on  the  other  side  of  the  street, 
is  one  of  the  very  old  institutions  of  Boston.  It  receives  and 


THE  OLD  BOSTON   DISPENSARY 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


39 


cares  for  destitute  girls.  It  was  established  early  in  the  last 
century,  and  has  some  seventy-five  beds. 

On  Florence  Street,  a  little  farther  south,  is  St.  Stephens 
Episcopal  Church.  This  society  does  the  most  important  work 
of  the  Protestant  churches  in  the  South  End.  Dover  Street 
is  one  of  the  main  thoroughfares  leading  to  South  Boston. 
On  the  right,  midway  between  Washington  Street  and  the 
bridge,  is  one  of  Boston's  Public  Baths.  In  the  channel  is  a 
swimming-bath  during  the  summer,  which  is  entered  from  this 
bridge. 

Farther  south  on  Washington  Street  one  finds,  on  the  right, 
Waltham  Street.  Here,  at  No.  41,  is  the  JVashingtonian  Home, 
an  institution  for  the  care  and  treatment  of  male  alcoholics.  It 
has  accommodations  for  about 
thirty  patients. 

On  the  left  of  Washington 
Street,  at  the  corder  of  Maiden 
Street,  is  the  Cathedral  of  the 
Holy  Cross,  a  large  and  impos- 
ing stone  structure.  This  is  the 
largest  Catholic  church  in  New 
England,  and  is  the  headquar- 
ters of  the  archdiocese.  The 
archbishop's  house  and  offices 
are  behind  the  cathedral,  fa- 
cing Harrison  Avenue.  In  front 
of  the  cathedral  is  a  bronze 
statue  of  Christopher  Colum- 
bus, by  Alois  Buyens. 

Beyond  this  point  such  cross 
streets  as  continue  the  same 
name  on  both  sides  of  Washington  Street  have  the  prefix  u  East" 
added  to  that  part  at  the  left,  and  "West"  to  that  on  the  right. 

At  Brookline  Street  one  comes  to  two  open  squares,  —  Frank- 
lin on  the  left,  and  Blackstone  on  the  right.  At  the  corner  of 
East  Brookline  Street,  facing  Franklin  Square,  the  Salvation 
Army  is  erecting  a  "People's  Palace,"  which  will  also  be  the 


ST.  ELIZABETH  S  HOSPITAL 


40 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


headquarters  of  the  army  for  New  England.  On  the  opposite 
side  of  the  square  is  the  Franklin  Square  House,  a  hotel  for 
young  workingwomen.  It  occupies  the  building  that  was  for- 
merly the  New  England  Conservatory  of  Music,  and  which,  pre- 
vious to  that,  had  been  the  St.  James  Hotel.  Beyond  the  Frank- 
lin Square  House  is  the  old,  but  not  particularly  interesting, 
South  Cemetery. 

At  No.  6'1  West  Brookline  Street,  and  facing  Blackstone 
Square,  is  St.  Elizabeth's  Hospital,  in  charge  of  the  Franciscan  Sis- 
ters. This  institution  was  founded  in  1 868,  incorporated  in  1872, 
and  has  been  on  its  present  site  since  1888.  The  hospital  occu- 


BOSTON  CITY  HOSPITAL 
AND  TENT  WARDS  USED  FOR  SOLDIERS  AT  THE  TIME  OF  THE  SPANISH  WAR 

pies  several  old  mansions  that  have  been  remodelled  and  added 
to,  to  suit  its  purpose.  The  entrance,  No.  6l,  is  the  old  residence 
of  Justin  Winsor,  for  many  years  the  librarian  of  Harvard  Col- 
lege Library,  and  later  of  the  Boston  Public  Library.  St.  Eliza- 
beth's is  a  general  hospital  of  about  one  hundred  beds.  It  has 
medical,  surgical  and  gynecological  and  obstetrical  wards, 
besides  the  usual  out-patient  departments.  This  institution  has 
been  an  important  factor  in  the  development  of  gynecology 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  41 

in  this  community.  At  present  only  women  and  children  are 
admitted  as  ward  patients.  The  number  of  ward  patients  treated 
is  between  eight  and  nine  hundred  annually.  Connected  with 
the  hospital  is  a  training  school  for  nurses. 

Across  Blackstone  Square  from  St.  Elizabeth's,  at  No.  40  West 
Newton  Street,  is  the  Maternity  Department  of  the  Massachusetts 
Homeopathic  Hospital,  with  seventeen  beds.  In  1904  they  cared 
for  three  hundred  and  twenty-nine  patients. 

Leaving  Blackstone  Square  one  comes,  on  the  left,  to  Worces- 
ter Square.  Here,  at  No.  3,  is  the  Boothby  Surgical  Hospital. 
It  is  a  private  surgical  hospital,  receiving  the  patients  of  any 
reputable  physician. 

East  Springfield  Street,  which  is  next  beyond  Worcester 
Square,  is  the  most  direct  way  to  the  main  entrance  of  the  Bos- 
ton City  Hospital,  which  is  situated  on  Harrison  Avenue,  one 
block  east  of  Washington  Street. 

At  No.  691  Massachusetts  Avenue,  to  the  left  of  Washington 
Street,  is  the  New  England  Deaconess  Hospital,  under  the  care 
of  the  deaconesses  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  This 
institution  has  fifteen  beds,  used  for  medical  and  surgical  cases. 
It  has  as  yet  no  regular  staff.  A  site  for  a  new  hospital  in  Long- 
wood  has  been  purchased,  and  the  corner  stone  of  a  new  build- 
ing has  been  laid. 

The  Boston  City  Hospital 

An  institution  which  will  well  repay  the  careful  inspection  of 
both  the  medical  and  lay  visitor  is  the  City  Hospital.  To  its 
various  departments  are  admitted  cases  of  acute  disease  only, 
or  those  cases  which  are  capable  of  being  relieved  in  a  reasona- 
ble time.  Chronic  cases,  except  under  extraordinary  conditions, 
are  referred  to  the  Almshouse  Hospital  on  Long  Island  in  Boston 
Harbor.  Since  it  is  a  municipal  institution,  supported  by  the 
taxpayers,  its  patients  are  drawn  only  from  the  population  of 
Greater  Boston. 

Although  but  half  the  age  of  its  elder  sister,  the  Massachu- 
setts General  Hospital,  and  naturally  less  rich  in  traditions  and 
historical  prestige,  the  Boston  City  Hospital  has,  as  might  have 


42  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

been  expected,  outstripped  it  in  actual  size,  and  vies  with  it  in 
friendly  and  generous  rivalry  in  the  relief  of  the  sick  poor.,  the 
promotion  of  medical  education  and  the  increase  of  knowledge. 
It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  first  benefactor  of  the  hos- 
pital, whose  bequest  had  much  to  do  with  its  actual  foundation, 
was  undoubtedly  impelled  thereto  by  the  remembrance  of  the 
skilful  and  generous  treatment  which  he  had  received  at  the 
older  institution,  and  his  realization  of  the  need  of  still  further 
extending  these  blessings  among  the  sick  poor.  Elisha  Good- 
now,  an  old-time  Boston  merchant,  was  the  second  patient  ad- 
mitted to  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital  immediately 
after  its  foundation,  in  1821,  where  he  underwent  a  successful 
operation  for  stone  at  the  hands  of  Dr.  Warren.  On  his  death, 
thirty  years  later,  he  left  the  bulk  of  his  estate  to  the  City  of 
Boston  to  establish  a  free  hospital.  It  was  not,  however,  until 
186l  that  the  City  Council  appropriated  additional  money  and 
appointed  a  committee  to  build  the  new  City  Hospital.  In  1863 
the  first  board  of  trustees  was  appointed,  and  in  1864  the  hos- 
pital was  formally  dedicated.  Of  the  original  consulting  and 
visiting  staff  there  are  but  two  survivors,  Drs.  David  W.  Chee- 
ver  and  John  G.  Blake,  of  the  surgical  and  medical  services 
respectively.  As  a  coincidence,  the  first  ward  visits  were  made 
on  the  two  sides  by  these  two  gentlemen,  each  with  a  colleague, 
and  the  first  operation,  an  excision  of  a  malignant  growth  of 
the  cheek,  was  performed  on  the  first  Friday  in  June,  1864,  by 
Dr,  Cheever,  in  the  amphitheatre  beneath  the  dome. 

The  hospital  thus  founded  with  200  beds,  three  services,  sur- 
gical, medical  and  ophthalmic,  and  a  staff  of  18,  has  increased 
in  forty-two  years  to  a  composite  institution  affording  935  beds, 
containing  nine  departments  and  having  a  staff  of  72,  all  under 
the  direction  of  a  single  board  of  trustees  and  administered 
by  a  single  superintendent.  Last  year  there  were  received  and 
treated  as  in-patients  — 

Medical  Cases  3,464       Aural  Cases  123 

Surgical  Cases  4,1 69        Remaining  over  447 


Gynecological  Cases  937  

Ophthalmic  Cases  96  ,     Total  9,236 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  43 

There  were  treated  in  the  Out-Patient  Department  66,789  per- 
sons. In  the  pathological  laboratory  there  were  made  and  exam- 
ined 14,744  cultures.  The  hospital  ambulances  made  3,090  trips. 
In  all  departments  149  female  nurses  are  employed.  The  total 
population  under  this  one  administration  consists  of  1,250  per- 
sons. The  gross  cost  of  all  departments  forthe  yearwas$486,994. 
In  the  forty-two  years  of  its  existence  there  have  been  appro- 
priated by  the  City  Council  nearly  twelve  millions  of  dollars 
for  construction  and  maintenance.  It  is  doubtful  if  any  city 
of  equal  size  has  dealt  so  generously  in  so  short  a  time  with  a 
municipal  hospital.  In  addition  the  hospital  has  received  be- 
quests and  trust  funds  to  the  amount  of  $1,227,573. 

The  visitor  enters  by  the  gate  lodge  on  Harrison  Avenue 
nearly  opposite  Springfield  Street.  This  building  contains,  be- 
sides the  entrance  offices,  the  rooms  devoted  to  the  medical  out- 
patient department.  He  should  now  turn  to  the  left  and  gain  a 
point  whence  a  view  of  the  really  imposing  facade  of  the  cen- 
tral Administration  Building  may  be  obtained.  The  surgical  pa- 
vilions are  on  the  left,  and  the  medical  pavilions  on  the  right. 
This  group  constitutes  the  original  buildings.  They  are  after 
the  French  Renaissance  in  general  style  and  fashioned  on  a 
generous  and  ambitious  scale,  the  central  one  in  particular  re- 
calling classic  models.  In  the  portico,  with  its  columns  and  ped- 
iment surmounted  by  a  dome  one  hundred  and  forty-eight  feet 
in  height,  there  is  a  certain  resemblance  to  St.  Peter's  at  Rome, 
and  the  approach  across  a  broad,  open  lawn  and  garden  is  in 
keeping  with  the  dignity  of  the  whole. 

Ascending  the  wide  stone  steps  the  visitor  enters  the  Ad- 
ministration Building.  On  the  left  are  executive  offices;  on  the 
right  the  private  offices  of  the  Superintendent  and  Resident 
Physician,  Dr.  G.  H.  M.  Rowe.  On  the  second  floor  are  the  private 
apartments  of  the  Superintendent,  and  above  these  is  the  now 
unused  amphitheatre  under  the  dome.  Turning  to  the  left  we 
cross  an  open  corridor  and  enter  the  new  surgical  building,  and 
gain  access  to  the  operating  theatre  by  a  door  on  the  right.  Here 
is  a  large  amphitheatre,  circular  in  form,  constructed  entirely 
of  marble,  terazzo,  steel  and  glass,  capable  of  seating  two  hun- 


44  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

dred  persons.  Conveniently  situated  are  etherizing,  recovery 
and  surgeon's  consulting  rooms.  Passing  through  the  farther 
door  we  find  the  sterilizing  and  instrument  rooms,  all  modern 
in  equipment  and  design.  Opening  from  the  long  corridor  be- 
yond are  five  small  operating  rooms,  with  north  light  and  com- 
plete in  construction  and  furnishings  necessary  for  the  most 
exacting  aseptic  surgical  work.  At  the  farther  end  of  the  cor- 
ridor are  small  recovery  wards  for  the  reception  of  patients  after 
operation.  The  visitor  should  now  descend  to  the  floor  below 
and  see  the  four  completely  equipped  accident  rooms  and  two 
casualty  wards,  where  cases  can  be  cared  for  until  they  are  in 
a  condition  to  be  transferred  to  the  regular  wards  without  dis- 
turbing the  other  patients.  Here  also  are  several  bathrooms 
with  set  tubs  designed  especially  for  the  immediate  treatment 
of  cases  of  insolation,  which,  surprising  as  it  may  seem,  are  only 
too  common  in  Boston  in  July  and  August. 

Time  will  be  saved  if  now  we  leave  this  building  by  the 
Accident  Door  and  cross  the  short  intervening  space  to  the 
recently  constructed  Surgical  Out-Patient  Building,  where  are 
housed  also  the  departments  for  the  treatment  of  diseases  of 
the  eye,  ear,  throat,  nervous  system,  and  diseases  of  women. 
This  building  is  five  stories  in  height,  and  designed  especially 
for  handling  large  numbers  of  out-patients  as  conveniently  and 
expeditiously  as  possible. 

The  visitor  should  now  return  by  the  Accident  Door  and  the 
stairway  to  the  surgical  corridor  and  inspect  the  three  old- 
fashioned  but  attractive  wards  of  the  original  surgical  pavilion. 
Returning,  he  should  leave  by  the  door  which  originally  ad- 
mitted him  to  the  surgical  corridor,  turn  to  the  left  and  reach 
a  two-storied  brick  building  containing  two  surgical  wards, 
W  and  X,  which  are  models  in  respect  to  the  most  approved 
construction  and  furnishing.  On  the  way  he  has  passed,  on  the 
left,  a  cheaply  constructed  ward  of  corrugated  iron  and  wood, 
which  was  built  in  the  days  when  hospital  gangrene  and  sepsis 
made  it  seem  advisable  to  build  temporary  structures  only,  to 
be  torn  down  after  a  few  years  and  replaced  by  new  ones.  Mo- 
dern methods  have  obviated  this  necessity,  and  ward  P  is,  as 


BOSTON  CITY   HOSPITAL 
ADMINISTRATION  BUILDING 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  45 

a  matter  of  fact,  one  of  the  healthiest  and  most  satisfactory  in 
many  respects  in  the  hospital. 

Returning  now  to  the  Administration  Building,  the  visitor 
should  enter  the  annex  behind  it,  which  contains  the  Library 
of  more  than  four  thousand  volumes,  clinical  record  rooms,  &c. 
He  may  be  interested  to  examine  the  kitchen  immediately  be- 
low, very  modern  and  complete  in  every  respect  and  perfectly 
ventilated.  Behind  this  again  is  the  laundry,  equipped  with 
labor-saving  devices  which  care  for  an  average  of  one  hundred 
thousand  pieces  per  week. 

We  must  now  return  to  the  Administration  Building,  turn 
to  the  left  and  again  to  the  right,  and  visit  the  medical  wards, 
six  in  number,  grouped  in  a  general  way  like  those  we  have 
already  seen.  The  general  features  are  the  same,  and  no  descrip- 
tion is  necessary.  The  two  wards  devoted  to  the  gynecological 
service  are  on  the  third  floor  and  include  a  separate  operating 
room  and  adjuncts.  Passing  back  along  the  open-air  passage- 
way toward  the  rear  of  these  buildings,  we  pass  ward  T,  similar 
to  ward  P,  wards  A  and  E,  devoted  to  the  care  of  noisy  and 
alcoholic  patients,  and  reach  the  most  recently  constructed 
building,  wards  K,  L  and  M,  designed  especially  for  cases  not 
suitable  for  open  wards,  —  erysipelas,  sepsis,  and  non-alcoholic 
patients  requiring  restraint.  These  wards  are  divided  into  small 
rooms,  accommodating  for  the  most  part  but  two  patients  each. 

Mention  should  here  be  made  of  the  Tent  Wards  by  which 
in  mild  weather  the  capacity  of  the  hospital  may  be  increased 
in  time  of  need.  Side-wall  military  tents  with  board  floors  are 
placed  in  the  open  space  to  the  west  of  the  medical  pavilions. 
The  most  notable  development  of  this  system  was  in  1898, 
when  on  four  days'  notice  the  hospital  received  and  cared  for 
a  steamship-ful  of  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  from  the  Spanish 
War,  two  hundred  in  number. 

The  building  devoted  to  Pathology  and  Clinical  Laboratory 
Work  stands  apart  just  to  the  west  of  wards  K  and  L.  It  con- 
tains a  post-mortem  amphitheatre  constructed  entirely  of  metal 
and  marble,  culture  rooms,  clinical  laboratories,  special  research 
rooms,  a  pathological  laboratory,  a  biological  laboratory,  store- 


46  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

rooms,  &c.  Attached  to  it  is  a  mortuary  where  twenty  bodies 
may  be  preserved  by  artificial  refrigeration,  and  a  mortuary 
chapel,  simple  and  dignified,  where  funeral  services  may  be 
held.  In  accordance  with  the  trend  of  modern  ideas,  much  stress 
has  been  laid  in  this  hospital  upon  pathology.  Since  1891  the 
position  of  pathologist  has  been  held  by  men  who  have  devoted 
themselves  exclusively  to  the  study  and  teaching  of  this  science 
and  to  the  training  of  young  men.  There  is  at  present  a  corps 
of  eight  men,  —  visiting  pathologists,  assistants  and  internes. 
Men  trained  here  are  called  to  other  hospitals  and  to  medical 
schools  as  teachers.  A  recent  graduate  has  just  been  appointed 
by  the  United  States  Government  as  Director  of  the  Leprosy 
Investigation  Station  at  Molokai,  Hawaii.  An  average  of  250 
autopsies  are  performed  every  year,  each  of  which  is  worked 
up  bacteriologically  and  histologically,  and  900  surgical  speci- 
mens are  studied.  The  cabinets  contain  27,000  mounted  micro- 
scopic sections.  Among  the  many  valuable  contributions  which 
have  been  made  here  to  Pathology  and  Bacteriology  may  be 
mentioned  three  monographs/two  of  which  are  based  exclu- 
sively on  cases  coming  to  autopsy  in  this  laboratory,  namely, 
the  monograph  on  Epidemic  Cerebro-Spinal  Meningitis,  and 
that  on  Diphtheria.  The  third,  on  Variola  and  Vaccinia,  is  based 
on  material  obtained  outside  the  hospital,  but  in  large  part 
through  the  energy  of  an  assistant  in  pathology  wTho  was  given 
leave  of  absence  by  the  hospital  for  that  purpose.  Atten- 
tion should  also  be  called  to  shorter  papers  on  such  subjects 
as  Typhoid  Fever,  Scarlet  Fever,  Acute  and  Subacute  Glo- 
merular Nephritis,  and  on  neuropathological  subjects.  Useful 
technical  contributions  have  been  made,  such  as  the  aniline 
blue  connective-tissue  stain  and  the  phospho-tungstic  acid 
hematin  stain  for  neuroglia,  fibroglia  and  myoglia  fibrils.  Two 
discoveries  by  members  of  the  pathological  staff  deserve  spe- 
cial mention :  the  demonstration  that  the  protozoon  discovered 
by  Wasielewski  and  Guarniere  undergoes  an  additional  cycle 
of  development  within  the  cell  nuclei  in  variola,  but  not  in  vac- 
cinia; and  the  discovery  of  protozoon-like  bodies  in  the  skin  of 
scarlet  fever  cases  and  in  artificial  vesication  from  living  cases. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


47 


There  still  remains  to  be  visited  one  of  the  most  notable 
departments  of  the  hospital,  —  that  devoted  to  contagious  dis- 
eases^ the  South  Department,  so-called.  This  group  of  buildings 
constitutes  practically  a  separate  hospital,  though  under  the 
same  trustees  and  superintendent.  The  visitor  should  leave 
the  grounds  of  the  hospital  proper  by  the  entrance  lodge,  visit- 
ing, if  he  desires,  the  two  fine  buildings  devoted  to  the  Nurses' 
Home,  where  is  housed  the  second  training  school  in  point  of 
age  in  the  United  States.  He  should  now  turn  to  the  left  and 
cross  Massachusetts  Avenue  diagonally  to  the  entrance  of  the 
South  Department.  Here  are  seven  buildings  of  brick  with 
marble  trimmings,  in  style  after  the  Federal  period  of  archi- 
tecture. The  central  Administration  Building  is  devoted  to  the 
executive  offices  and  private  apartments  of  the  Resident  Phy- 
sician, Dr.  John  H.  McCollom.  On  either  hand  is  a  pavilion,  one 
devoted  entirely  to  cases  of  scarlet  fever  and  the  other  to  diph- 
theria. Each  pavilion  is  one  hundred  and  sixty  feet  long,  and  each 
floor  is  divided  by  transverse  corridors  into  four  sections.  These 
corridors  are  entirely  open  at  either  end,  so  that  every  floor  is 


|f:?* 


NURSES     HOME 
BOSTON  CITY  HOSPITAL 


thus  divided  into  four  complete  isolating  wards,  each  ward 
separated  from  the  others  by  the  open  air.  In  the  two  pavil- 
ions there  are  sixteen  such  wards,  each  accommodating  from 


48  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

four  to  eight  beds.  At  the  north  end  of  each  floor  is  an  open- 
air  loggia,  with  ornamental  ironwork,  and  at  the  south  end  is 
a  large  semi-octagonal  ward  with  many  windows,  constituting  a 
solarium  for  convalescents.  The  inside  finish  throughout  is  of 
glazed  brick,  with  terazzo  flooring.  There  are  separate  stairways 
and  dumb-waiters  for  each  story,  —  in  other  words,  there  is  no 
direct  communication  between  stories,  without  the  necessity 
of  first  going  outdoors.  Small  observation  wards  on  each  floor 
afford  opportunity  to  study  cases  before  the  diagnosis  has  be- 
come certain.  A  nurses'  home,  laundry  and  domestic  building 
complete  this  group.  The  visitor  who  is  especially  interested 
in  the  treatment  of  contagious  diseases  is  advised  to  spend  some 
time  in  the  South  Department,  for  its  widespread  reputation 
justifies  us  in  saying  that  this  is  the  finest  contagious  hospital  in 
our  country.  Here  the  mortality  from  diphtheria  has  been  re- 
duced by  the  aid  of  antitoxin  and  the  best  of  hygienic  condi- 
tions from  fifty-four  per  cent,  to  eight  per  cent.  The  hospital 
is  usually  overcrowded.  Designed  for  two  hundred  and  sixty 
beds,  it  has  accommodated  three  hundred  and  sixty  patients 
at  one  time.  It  was  originally  planned  to  have  a  measles  ward 
in  addition  to  the  present  buildings,  and  this  improvement  is 
confidently  expected  in  the  near  future. 

To  meet  the  demand  for  a  branch  in  the  down-town  district, 
where  prompt  relief  could  be  given  to  accident  or  other  urgent 
cases  occurring  in  the  neighborhood,  the  Boston  City  Hospital 
Relief  Station  was  built  in  1901.  It  is  situated  in  Haymarket 
Square,  which  can  best  be  reached  by  surface  or  elevated  cars 
via  the  Subway.  No  especial  interest  attaches  to  this  branch 
save  that  it  is  a  model  of  its  kind.  The  best  of  everything  that 
could  be  obtained  was  used  in  its  construction.  It  is  a  brick  and 
sandstone  structure,  three  stories  in  height,  with  a  portico  of 
eight  Doric  columns.  The  first  floor  includes  the  executive 
offices,  waiting  rooms,  and  five  surgical  dressing  rooms,  fur- 
nished like  modern  operating  rooms  and  finished  with  glazed 
tile  dadoes  and  marble.  On  the  second  floor  are  three  wards  of 
six  beds  each,  two  large  operating  rooms  complete  in  every 
detail,  also  instrument  and  supply  rooms.  The  third  floor  affords 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  49 

quarters  for  nurses  and  maids,  and  the  roof  may  be  used  as  a 
roof-garden  for  either  patients  or  staff.  The  north  end  of  the 
first  story  is  entirely  separated  from  the  rest  of  that  floor  and 
contains  a  stable  and  ambulance  station.  The  ambulances  can 
drive  entirely  within  an  enclosed  yard  where  the  transfer  of 
the  patient  can  be  effected  without  publicity.  An  ambulance 
is  always  kept  harnessed  and  calls  are  responded  to  by  an  in- 
terne with  the  greatest  possible  despatch. 

With  the  exception  of  the  main  ambulance  station  and  the 
power  house  on  Albany  Street  and  the  Convalescent  Home,  with 
its  fourteen  acres  of  land  in  Dorchester,  the  main  features  of  the 
Boston  City  Hospital  have  now  been  described.  It  has  been  said 
that  one  index  of  the  intelligence  and  public  spirit  of  a  com- 
munity is  the  way  in  which  it  provides  for  its  sick  poor,  and  in 
this  respect  Boston  has  every  reason  to  be  proud  of  her  record. 

The  Washington  Market,  No.  1883  Washington  Street,  is 
the  site  of  one  of  the  Continental  fortifications  during  the 
siege  of  Boston.  Beyond  this,  the  street  is  quite  devoid  of  in- 
terest. 

Running  parallel  with  Washington  Street,  and  to  the  east  of 
it,  are  Harrison  Avenue  and  Albany  Street.  Harrison  Avenue 
has  little  of  interest  until  we  come  to  East  Concord  Street, 
where  we  find  the  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  in  charge 
of  the  Jesuit  fathers.  Back  of  the  church,  and  facing  James 
Street,  is  the  Boston  College  and  High  School,  also  in  charge 
of  the  Jesuits.  The  residence  of  the  faculty  is  next  to  the 
church  on  Harrison  Avenue.  This  society  was  established  here 
in  1863. 

At  No.  750  Harrison  Avenue  is  the  Ho7iieoj)athic  Medical  Dis- 
pensary, until  recently  a  separate  institution,  but  now  the  Out- 
Patient  Department  of  the  Massachusetts  Homeopathic  Hos- 
pital. This  dispensary  has  a  staff  of  seventy-five  members,  and 
treats  between  nineteen  and  twenty  thousand  patients  annu- 
ally. The  present  building  represents  only  the  basement  and 
first  story  of  the  architect's  plan.  Beyond  it,  on  Stoughton 
Street,  is  the  nurses'  home.  Farther  to  the  east  on  Stoughton 


50  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

Street  is  the  hospital,  which,  with  the  Boston  University  School 
of  Medicine  (homeopathic),  are  built  on  the  plot  of  ground 


Purdy 
MEDICAL  WING  ADMINISTRATION  BUILDING  SURGICAL  WING 

MASSACHUSETTS    HOMEOPATHIC   HOSPITAL 

bounded  by  Stoughton,  Albany  and  East  Concord  streets.  This 
hospital  was  incorporated  in  1855,  and  has  occupied  its  present 
site  since  1871.  It  is  a  general  hospital,  having  about  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  beds,  but  until  recently  has  had  no  out-patient 
department.  The  number  of  ward  patients  in  1905  was  three 
thousand  nine  hundred  and  seventeen.  The  wards  are  utilized 
for  giving  clinical  instruction.  The  Boston  University  School 
of  Medicine,  which  is  the  only  homeopathic  school  in  Boston, 
was  established  in  1873.  It  took  over  at  that  time  the  New 
England  Female  College,  founded  in  1848.  The  school  has  a 
teaching  corps  of  fifty.  The  number  of  students  in  1905  was 
one  hundred. 

At  No.  112  Southampton  Street  is  the  Smallpox  Hospital,  of 
about  sixty  beds,  under  the  charge  of  the  Boston  Board  of 
Health.  It  was  at  this  institution  that  some  of  the  investiga- 
tions on  the  etiology,  pathology  and  clinical  manifestations  of 
smallpox  were  conducted  during  the  epidemic  of  1901-2,  which 
resulted  in  the  noted  monograph  on  smallpox,  edited  by  Dr. 
W.  T.  Councilman,  of  the  Harvard  Medical  School. 

To  the  west  of  Washington  Street  and  running  parallel,  are 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  51 

Shawmut  Avenue  and  Tremont  Street.  Shawmut  Avenue  has 
nothing  that  is  of  interest  to  the  visitor  except  the  Morgan 
Memorial  Chapel,  by  the  railroad,  where  is  the  People's  Forum 
for  the  public  discussion  of  interesting  questions.  Tremont 
Street  beyond  Castle  Street  is  a  wide  street.  There  are  several 
attractive  churches  on  this  street  between  Dartmouth  and 
Worcester  streets,  and  on  West  Newton  Street,  between  Tre- 
mont Street  and  Shawmut  Avenue,  is  the  Girls'  High  School. 
From  Massachusetts  Avenue  to  Roxbury  Crossing  the  street  is 
largely  one  of  tenement  houses  and  small  shops.  On  Ruggles 
Street  is  the  Ruggles  Street  Baptist  Church,  famed  for  its  choir. 

West  of  Tremont  Street,  beginning  at  Park  Square,  is  Colum- 
bus Avenue.  In  Park  Square,  opposite  the  old  Park  Square  Sta- 
tion, which  was  given  up  on  the  completion  of  the  present  South 
Terminal,  is  the  Emancipation  Group,  by  Thomas  Ball.  From 
Park  Square  the  "Seeing  Boston"  electric  cars  start  at  10  a.m. 
and  2  p.m.,  daily.  Fare,  fifty  cents.  On  the  left-hand  side  of 
Columbus  Avenue  is  the  armory  of  the  First  Corps  of  Cadets, 
a  splendid  granite  building  on  the  corner  of  Ferdinand  Street. 
On  the  corner  of  Berkeley  Street  one  sees,  on  the  left,  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church,  and  on  the  right  the  People's  Temple. 
The  Youth's  Companion  Building,  the  home  of  the  popular 
paper  of  that  name,  is  on  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Berkeley 
Street. 

On  Berkeley  Street,  between  Columbus  Avenue  and  Tre- 
mont Street,  is  the  building  of  the  Young  Women's  Christian 
Association,  and  on  the  corner  of  Tremont  Street,  Odd  Fellows 
Hall.  On  Dartmouth  Street,  corner  of  Appleton,  is  the  Girls' 
Normal  School ;  and  off  the  same  street,  between  Warren  Ave- 
nue and  Montgomery  Street,  are  the  Boston  Latin  and  Eng- 
lish High  schools.  On  the  corner  of  West  Newton  Street  is  the 
Union  Church  (Congregational  Trinitarian),  and  just  behind  it 
the  Home  for  Little  Wanderers.  On  Columbus  Avenue,  beyond 
Northampton  Street,  is  a  public  playground,  of  which  Boston 
has  several,  and  beyond  this  the  National  League  Baseball 
Grounds. 

Scattered  through  the  South  End  are  many  charitable  in- 


52  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

stitutions,  homes,  day  nurseries,  clubs,  settlements,  &c.  One 
writer  has  spoken  of  the  South  End  as  "the  most  charitied 
region  in  Christendom." 


THE  BACK  BAY 

THE  Back  Bay  District  extends  from  Charles  Street 
below  the  Common  to  the  Brookline  line.  It  is 
bounded  on  the  south  by  Boylston  Street  to  Copley 
Square,  and  then  by  Huntington  Avenue,  and  on  the  north 
by  the  Charles  River.  A  hundred  years  ago  the  Back  Bay  was 
a  beautiful  sheet  of  water,  beyond  which  one  could  see  from 
the  Common  both  Brookline  and  Cambridge,  and  over  which 
were  carried  the  troops  for  Lexington  on  the  18th  of  April, 
1775.  The  individuality  of  Bostonians  is  shown  nowhere  bet- 
ter than  in  the  dwellings  of  the  Back  Bay.  Instead  of  the  dreary 
rows  of  buildings  all  alike,  seen  in  so  many  American  cities,  in 
Boston  each  man  has  built  his  house  to  suit  himself. 

In  1814  the  Boston  &  Roxbury  Mill  Corporation  was  formed, 
under  whose  direction  dams  were  built  later  across  the  bay  for 
the  purpose  of  utilizing  the  water  power.  In  1857  the  Com- 
monwealth, to-  m  iW$WB¥ 
gether  with  the 
Boston  Water 
Power  Com- 
pany, began  fill- 
ing in  the  bay, 
and  this  work 
went  on  for 
thirty  years.  On 
the  sale  of  its 
share  of  the 
made   land   the  l.  h.  shattud,  Photo. 

r,  l4i  PUBLIC  GARDEN  POND 

Commonwealth. 

made  several  million  dollars'  profit. 

The  Public  Garden,  enclosed  by  Charles,  Beacon,  Arling- 
ton and  Boylston  streets,  was  set  aside  as  a  park  in  1859, 
shortly  after  the  filling  in  began.  It  has  been  known  as  Round 
Marsh,  and  was  in  early  days  a  part  of  the  Common,  and  was 
bordered  by  Frog  Lane,  now  Boylston  Street.  The  Public  Gar- 


54 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


1    -:-:. 

_^— -,-- — 

Wjr  J- 

ilfc         1  — 

: 

■i  'H 

:,^Bp^ 

pR* 

J 

L.  H.  Shattuch,  Photo. 

WASHINGTON  STATUE 


den  is  a  beautiful  park,  twenty- 
four  acres  in  extent.  The  pond, 
spanned  by  an  artistic  bridge,  is 
thronged  with  skaters  in  win- 
ter^ and  in  summer  the  swan 
boat  is  much  in  evidence.  The 
Garden  is  planted  with  trees  of 
almost  every  variety  which  can 
grow  in  the  New  England  cli- 
mate, and  the  many  flower  beds 
display  all  our  outdoor  plants 
from  early  spring  to  autumn. 
The  most  notable  statue  in 
the  Garden ,  one  of  the  best 
in  the  city,  is  the  equestrian 
statue  of  Washington,  by 
Thomas  Ball,  that  faces  the  Commonwealth  Avenue  parkway. 
On  the  Beacon  Street  side  are  the  statue  of  Edward  Everett, 
by  W.  W.  Story,  and  the  Ether  Monument,  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward, 
erected  in  1868.  The  latter  was  the  gift  of  Thomas  Lee,  in 
honor  of  the  discovery  of  ether,  : 

but  it  makes  no  mention  of 
Morton  or  Jackson,  as  at  that 
time  the  controversy  over  the 
priority  of  discovery  was  still 
warm.  Dr.  Holmes  suggest- 
ed that  it  be  inscribed  "to 
e(i)ther."  Other  statues  are 
those  of  Charles  Sumner,  by 
Thomas  Ball ;  of  Colonel  Tho- 
mas Cass,  by  R.  E.  Brooks,  and,  •§ 

facing    the    Arlington    Street  B^ 

Church, a  statue  of  W.  E.  Chan-  J 

ning,  by  Herbert  Adams. «■— a     i^» 

From  the  Garden  the  eight  &HHGHHUMHfa»* 
short    cross    streets    north    of  HffloHBI 
Boylston  have   names   begin-  ether  monument 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


55 


ning  respectively  with  the  first  eight  letters  of  the  alphabet. 
Beyond  these  is  Massachusetts  Avenue,  the  great  thorough- 
fare leading  to  Cambridge  in  one  direction  and  to  Dorchester 
in  the  other. 

Beacon  Street  is  the  long  street  nearest  the  river.  Many  of 
Boston's  most  beautiful  residences  are  on  this  street, and  now, as 
formerly,  it  is  the  home  of  many  of  her  citizens  best  known  in  the 
various  activities  of  the  city.  No.  241  is  the  home  of  Mrs.  Julia 
Ward  Howe.  No.  296  was  for  over  twenty  years  Dr.  Holmes's 
residence,  and  now  belongs  to  his  son,  Judge  Oliver  Wendell 
Holmes,  of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court.  At  No.  392  lives 
James  Ford  Rhodes,  the  distinguished  historian.  The  University 
Club  is  at  No.  270,  near  Exeter  Street.  It  has  a  large  membership 
of  college  graduates  living  in  Boston  and  it's  vicinity. 

On  the  corner  of  Massachusetts  Avenue,  and  near  Harvard 
Bridge,  is  the  Mt.  Vernon  Church  (Congregational),  formerly  in 
Ashburton  Place.  At  the  corner  of  Beacon  Street  and  Charles- 
gate  East,  on  the  riverside,  is  the  home  of  Thomas  WT.  Lawson. 

This  is  the  site  of  the  old 
"mill  dam"  of  the  Rox- 
bury  Mill  Corporation. 
One  of  the  poplar  trees 
which  bordered  Beacon 
Street  in  the  early  nine- 
teenth century  is  still  to 
be  seen  at  Number  591. 
At  Charlesgate  West,  Bay 
State  Road  leads  to  the 
right,  running  along  the 
riverbank.  It  is  a  new 
and  fashionable  street, 
and  on  it  there  are  many 
fine  houses. 

Marlborough  St.  starts 
from  the  Public  Garden, 
and  runs  parallel  to  Bea- 
con, to  a  point  where  it 


THE  FIRST  CHURCH  IN  BOSTON 


56 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


meets  the  Fenway,  about  a  block  beyond  Massachusetts  Ave- 
nue. This  street  has  sometimes  been  called  "Doctors'  Row/' 
as  in  its  short  length  of  a  mile  it  has  about  one  hundred  and 
twenty-five  doctors'  offices  and  homes.  The  First  Church  (Con- 
gregational Unitarian),  at  the  corner  of  Berkeley  Street,  is  the 
descendant  of  the  First  Church  of  Christ  in  Boston,  a  society 

established  by  Dudley,  Winthrop 
and  others  soon  after  the  founding 
of  the  town.  A  statue  of  Winthrop, 
by  R.  S.  Greenough,  very  fittingly 
stands  in  the  churchyard. 

Starting  again  from  the  Garden 
we  look  from  its  principal  entrance 
on  Arlington  Street  down  the  long 
tree-lined  mall  of  Commonwealth 
Avenue.  This  is  Boston's  most 
beautiful  street,  two  hundred  and 
twenty  feet  wide,  with  a  road 
on  either  side  of  the  pleas- 
ant parkway.  At  intervals 
down  this  mall  are  placed 
the  following  statues :  Alex- 
ander Hamilton,  by  William 
Rimmer;  General  John  Glover, 
by  Martin  Milmore;  William 
Lloyd  Garrison,  by  O.  L.  Warner, 
-just  beyond  Massachusetts  Ave- 
nue—  Leif  Ericson,  a  beautiful,  ideal  figure,  by  Anne  Whitney. 
On  either  side  of  the  avenue  are  the  homes  of  prosperous  citi- 
zens, with  here  and  there  a  fine  apartment  house  or  hotel.  The 
Vendome,  at  the  corner  of  Dartmouth  Street,  and  the  Somerset, 
just  beyond  Massachusetts  Avenue  on  Charlesgate  East,  are 
the  most  noteworthy.  At  No.  40  is  the  College  Club,  with  a 
membership  made  up  of  the  graduates  of  all  the  women's  col- 
leges. The  Algonquin  Club  is  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  street, 
between  Exeter  and  Fairfield  streets.  Its  membership  is  com- 
posed largely  of  prominent  business  men.  The  First  Baptist 


LEIF  ERICSON 


and  at  the  end  of  the  mall 


■     ' '  > 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  57 

Church,  with  its  massive  Florentine  tower,  at  the  corner  of 

Clarendon  Street,  is  the  only  church  on  the  avenue.  The  late 

H.  H.  Richardson  was  the 

architect.  It  was  erected 

in  1873  to  succeed  the 

historic      meeting-house 

in    Brattle    Square,   and 

was    purchased    by    the 

Baptists. 

Next  to  the  south  of 
the  avenue  is  Newbury 
Street.  On  the  corner  of  - 
Arlington     Street,     the 
New  Church  Union,  re- 
presentative of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Association  of  ^B^jJU 
the       New       Jerusalem  | 
Church,   has    its    library  1 
and  offices.  At  No.  4  is  I 
the  St.  Botolph  Club,  its    ".  If 
membership  being  drawn  t« 
from  artists,  literary  and  FIRST  baptist  church 

professional  men.  In  its  art  gallery  are  displayed  every  winter 
notable  exhibitions  of  painting  and  sculpture.  Nearly  opposite 
the  St.  Botolph  Club  is  Emanuel  Church  (Protestant  Episcopal). 
The  Boston  Library,  at  No.  114  Newbury  Street,  is  a  private 
circulating  library,  incorporated  in  1794.  No.  35  is  the  home 
of  Margaret  Deland,  the  authoress.  At  the  corner  of  Berkeley 
Street  is  the  Central  Church  (Congregational  Trinitarian),  beau- 
tiful without  and  within.  It  is  the  most  noteworthy  building 
on  the  street.  The  architect  was  R.  M.  Upjohn. 

Just  off  Newbury  Street,  at  No.  233  Clarendon  Street,  is  the 
rectory  of  Trinity  Church,  where  Phillips  Brooks  lived  for  many 
years. 

The  Art  Club,  on  the  corner  of  Dartmouth  and  Newbury 
streets,  has  a  large  membership,  and  holds  several  exhibitions 
during  the  year.  These  exhibitions  are  usually  of  the  work  of 


fe 


58  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

many  artists,  while  those  of  the  St.   Botolph  Club  are  "one 
man"  exhibitions. 

At  the  corner  of  Exeter  Street  one  sees  on  the  right-hand 
side  the  Spiritual  Temple,  where  on  Sunday  evenings  the  spirits 
of  the  departed  may  be  consulted.  Across  the  street  is  the 
Prince  School,  a  public  grammar  school.  On  the  first  left-hand 
corner  stands  the  South  Congregational  Church  (Unitarian),  of 
which  Edward  Everett  Hale  has  been  the  minister  for  many 
years.  The  Horace  Mann  School,  where  the  deaf  are  taught  to 
speak  and  read  the  speech  of  others  from  their  lips,  is  near  by. 
The  remaining  corner  is  occupied  by  the  Normal  Art  School. 
Starting  on  Boylston  Street,  from  the  Public  Garden,  the 
Arlington  Street  Church  first  commands  our  attention.  It  is  of 
stately  architecture,  reminiscent  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren.  It  has 
a  beautiful  chime  of  sixteen  bells  in  its  tower.  This  is  one  of 
the  prominent  churches  of  the  Unitarian  faith. 

Almost  opposite  this  church  on  Boylston  Street  were  the 
offices  of  the  distinguished  Drs.  Henry  Ingersoll  Bowditch  and 
Oliver  Wendell  Holmes,  for  Boylston  Street  wTas  once  preemi- 
nently a  doctors'  street.  Now  there  are  almost  no  residences  on 
this  street,  but  gay,  beautiful  shops  and  public  buildings. 

At  No.  419  Boylston  Street  is  the  Warren  Chambers.  This 
building  was  built  as  an  office-building  for  physicians,  and  is  the 
only  one  of  its  kind  in  Boston.  It  takes  its  name  from  the  War- 
ren family,  so  long  prominent  in  the  medical  life  of  this  chVv. 
On  one  corner  of  Boylston  and  Berkeley  streets  the  Young 

Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion has  a  fine  building, 
and  on  the  opposite  cor- 
ner is  the  dignified  build- 
ing of  the  Natural  History 
Society.  The  Boston  So- 
ciety of  Natural  History 
was  founded  in  1831.  This 
building  was  erected  in 
1864.  On  the  first  floor  is 
the    library,    with    about 


NATURAL  HISTORY  BUILDING 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  59 

forty  thousand  volumes  in  the  building.  There  are  lecture  halls 
and  rooms  for  instruction,  as  well  as  carefully  arranged  and 
clearly  labelled  ethnological,  zoological,  geological  and  botani- 
cal collections.  On  the  fourth  floor  is  a  magnificent  array  of 
birds'  nests  and  eggs.  The  museum  is  open  daily,  except  Sunday, 
from  9  a.m.  to  J^.  SO  p.m.  The  admission  fee  of  twenty -five  cents  is 
not  asked  on  Wednesdays  and  Saturdays. 

The  remainder  of 
the  block  in  which 
the  Natural  History 
Building  is  situated 
is  occupied  by  the 
two  main  buildings 
of  the  Massachusetts 
Institute  of  Techno- 
logy. This  institution 
was  founded  with 
state  aid,  in  186l,  by 
Professor  William  B. 
Rogers,  as  a  school  of  Massachusetts  institute  of  technology 
applied  science.  As  such  it  has  no  equal  in  this  country. 
Opened  with  fifteen  students  in  1865,  it  now  has  over  fifteen 
hundred,  with  a  teaching  corps  of  two  hundred  and  twenty-eight 
members.  The  two  buildings  on  Boylston  Street,  the  Rogers 
Building  nearer  Berkeley  Street  and  the  Walker  Building  at 
the  corner  of  Clarendon  Street,  were  the  first  buildings  of  the 
Institute.  Others  are  situated  in  Trinity  Place  and  on  Garrison 
Street.  In  the  Rogers  Building,  the  dignified  structure  occu- 
pying the  middle  of  the  block,  are  the  administrative  offices 
of  the  institution,  and  also  its  library.  Here,  too,  is  Huntington 
Hall,  in  which  are  given  every  year  the  Free  Lecture  Courses 
of  the  Lowell  Institute,  established  in  1839  by  the  will  of  John 
Lowell. 

The  Hotel  Brunswick  occupies  the  corner  of  Clarendon  Street 
south  of  the  Technology  buildings.  Beyond  this,  one  comes  to 
Copley  Square,  triangular  in  shape,  and  opening  into  Dart- 
mouth, Boylston  and  Blagden  streets,  St.  James'  Avenue  and 


60 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


Huntington  Avenue  and  Trinity  Place.  This  Square  was  named 
for  John  Singleton  Copley,  the  artist,  and  around  it  are  some 
of  the  most  beautiful  buildings  and  important  institutions  of 
the  city. 

The  crowning  beauty  of  the  Square  is  Trinity  Church,  the 
masterpieceof  the  great  architect,  H.  H.  Richardson.  It  stands 
an  ennobling  and  uplifting  influence  for  the  thousands  who 
daily  pass  through  the  Square,  even  though  they  may  never 
enter  its  portals.  The  style  was  characterized  by  the  architect 
as  a  free  rendering  of  the  French  Romanesque.  In  plan  the 
church  is  a  Greek  cross,  with  a  semi-circular  apse  added  to  the 
eastern  arm.  The  decorations  inside  are  by  John  Lafarge,  and 
many  of  the  windows  are  by  the  same  artist.  Placed  in  the  side 

of  the  cloister  leading 
from  the  eastern  en- 
trance of  the  church 
to  Clarendon  Street, 
is  a  part  of  the  origi- 
nal tracery  from  a 
window  of  the  ancient 
church  of  St.  Botolph 
in  Boston,  England,  of 
which  John  Cotton  was 
the  rector  for  twenty- 
one  years.  This  was 
presented  to  Trinity 
by  the  vicar  of  that  church.  Opposite  this  tracery  a  carved  gran- 
ite rosette  is  imbedded  in  the  wall  of  the  church.  This  is  all  that 
remains  of  a  former  church  of  this  parish,  burned  in  the  fire  of 
1872. 

To  the  left  of  Trinity  is  the  Westminster  Hotel.  Its  upper 
cornice,  now  taken  down,  was  long  a  subject  of  litigation,  as  its 
height  was  beyond  the  limit  prescribed  by  the  building  laws. 
The  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  on  the  left  side  of  Copley  Square, 
is  among  the  important  museums  of  the  country.  The  present 
building  is  far  too  small  for  the  display  of  its  treasures,  many 
of  which  are  stored  until  the  erection  of  a  new  building  on 


L.  H.  Shattuck,  Photo. 

TRINITY  CHURCH 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  6l 

Huntington  Avenue,  for  which  the  land  has  been  purchased 
and  the  plans  perfected.  Owing  to  the  present  lack  of  room, 
the  exhibition  galleries  often  change  their  exhibits  to  display 
new  or  special  objects  of  interest,  and  a  catalogue  giving  the 
latest  arrangement  may  be  bought  near  the  entrance.  The  gen- 
eral arrangement,  however,  remains  unchanged.  In  the  base- 
ment is  placed  a  library  and  a  very  large  collection  of  photo- 
graphs. An  almost  unrivalled  collection  of  casts,  some  fine 
original  antique  marbles,  Egyptian  and  other  antiquities  oc- 
cupy the  first  floor.  Above  are  the  picture  galleries,  and  a  col- 
lection of  objects  of  Chinese  and,  particularly,  Japanese  art, 
said  to  be  the  finest  in  the  world.  There  are  also  rooms  for 
the  display  of  textiles, 
ceramics,  wood  carv- 
ings, metals  and  coins. 
The  Museum  is  open  I 
free  on  Saturdays,  from 
9  a.m.  to  5 p.m.,  and  on 
Sunday  from  1  to  5  p.m. 
Admission  on  other  days 
from  9  a.m.  to  5  p.m., 
is  twenty-five  cents. 
The  hours  on  Monday 
are  from  1  to  5  p.m.  art  museum 

The  Public  Library,  a  noble  granite  structure,  "Built  by 
the  people  and  dedicated  to  the  advancement  of  learning,"  as 
the  inscription  across  its  facade  declares,  occupies  the  west- 
ern side  of  the  Square.  The  building,  which  is  rectangular  in 
shape,  with  an  enclosed  court,  is  in  the  style  of  the  French 
Renaissance.  McKim,  Mead  &  White,  of  New  York,  were  the 
architects.  The  panels  beneath  the  windows,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  three  panels  above  the  doorway,  bear  the  names  of 
the  world's  greatest  men.  On  the  three  centre  panels  are,  to 
the  left,  the  seal  of  Massachusetts ;  in  the  middle,  that  of  the 
Library;  and  on  the  right,  the  seal  of  the  City  of  Boston. 

The  Library  is  approached  by  a  broad  low  flight  of  steps, 
ending  in  a  platform.  In  the  vestibule   is  a  splendid  bronze 


62 


AMERICAN   MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


figure  of  Sir  Harry  Vane,  by  Frederick  MacMonnies.  Beyond 
this  are  six  bronze  doors  by  D.  C.  French,  —  Poetry,  Music, 

Wisdom,  Know- 
ledge, Truth, 
Romance.  In  the 
floor  of  the  en- 
trance hall  are 
set  the  seal  of 
the  library  and 
the  signs  of  the 
zodiac,  and  in 
the  ceiling  are 
the  names  of 
eminent  Bosto- 
nians.  Halfway 
up  the  magnificent  staircase,  where  it  divides  to  the  right  and 
left,  are  two  great  marble  lions,  by  Louis  St.  Gaudens,  memorial 
gifts  of  the  Second  and  Twentieth  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Re- 
giments of  the  Civil  War.  The  mural  decorations  along  the  stairs 
and  the  upper  corridor  are  by  Puvis  de  Chavannes.  Passing  to 
the  left  through  a  little  lobby,  decorated  by  E.  E.  Garnsey,  one 
comes  to  the  Delivery  Room,  around  which  runs  a  gorgeous 
frieze  by  Edwin  A.  Abbey,  illustrating  the  legend  of  Sir  Gala- 
had's search  for  the  Holy  Grail.  Just  beyond  is  the  Catalogue 
Room,  with  an  admirable  dictionary  catalogue.  This  room  forms 
one  end  of  Bates  Hall,  a  great  room  218  feet  long  by  42  J  feet 
wide,  with  a  beautiful  vaulted  ceiling  semi-domed  at  the  ends. 
Bates  Hall,  named  for  the  library's  greatest  benefactor,  is  de- 
voted to  the  interests  of  readers,  of  whom  there  are  often  three 
or  four  hundred  present. 

Well  down  to  the  left,  steps  lead  from  Bates  Hall  to  the 
Patent  Room,  where  all  the  Patent  Office  Reports  may  be  found. 
Beyond  Bates  Hall  is  the  Children 's  Department ,  entered  through 
a  lobby,  decorated  by  Joseph  Lindon  Smith.  The  ceiling  of  the 
inner  room  has  a  painting,  "The  Triumph  of  Time,"  by  John 
Elliott.  This  is  a  reference  and  study  room  for  the  children.  It 
has  open  shelves  with  books  useful  to  teachers  as  well  as  to 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  63 

the  younger  students.  The  outer  room  also  has  open  shelves, 
with  tables  provided  for  reading,  and  those  in  charge  are  al- 
ways ready  to  help  the  children  in  the  use  of  the  library. 

On  the  third  floor  are  the  special  libraries,  all  of  them  con- 
taining rare  and  valuable  books.  They  comprise  the  Fine  Arts 
Department,  the  Allen  A.  Brown  Library  of  Music,  and  the  Bar- 
ton, Barlow,  Prince,  Lewis,  Bowditch  and  Ticknor  collections.  On 
this  floor  there  is  also  a  lecture  hall,  and  at  either  end  of  the 
long  corridor  are  the  paintings  by  John  S.  Sargent. 

The  administration  of  library  affairs  is  carried  on  by  five 
trustees,  who  are  appointed  by  the  mayor,  a  librarian,  and  the 
various  heads  of  departments.  There  are  about  two  hundred 
and  seventy-five  assistants. 

This  is  the  largest  reference  and  circulating  library  in  the 
United  States,  with  a  collection  of  about  900,000  volumes  and 
a  circulation  of  1,500,000  volumes,  not  counting  the  books 
used  at  the  library.  While  the  circulation  for  home  use  is  con- 
fined to  citizens  of  Boston,  any  one  —  stranger  as  well  as  citi- 
zen—  may  use  the  books  at  the  library.  The  library  consists  of 
the  Central  Library,  ten  branches,  twenty- two  delivery  sta- 
tions, and  small  deposits  in  one  hundred  and  three  public  and 
parochial  schools  and  about  seventy  engine  houses  and  city 
institutions,  —  in  all,  two  hundred  and  one  agencies  for  the  dis- 
tribution of  books.  Some  books  are  loaned  every  year  to  other 
libraries,  and  a  few  are  borrowed.  The  city  appropriates  about 
$300,000  yearly,  and  the  library  has  a  further  income  of  about 
$15,000  from  trust  funds.  It  publishes  monthly  bulletins  and  a 
yearly  list  of  accessions,  and  various  other  lists  of  books  on  spe- 
cial subjects.  It  maintains  its  own  bindery  and  printing  estab- 
lishment. The  Central  Library ,  in  Copley  Square,  is  open  from 
9  a.m.  to  9  p.m.  in  summer,  and  an  hour  later  in  winter.  The 
librarian  is  Mr.  H.  G.  Wadlin.  The  library  has  recently  entrusted 
to  the  care  of  the  Boston  Medical  Library  its  collection  of 
medical  books. 

Across  Boylston  Street  from  the  library  rises  the  lofty 
Gothic  tower  of  the  New  Old  South  Church,  two  hundred  and 
forty-eight  feet  high,  the  tallest  landmark  in  Boston.   This 


64  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

church  society  —  formerly  worshipping  in  the  historic  building 

-  on  Washington  Street — is 

one  of  the  most  important 
churches  of  the  Congre- 
gational Trinitarian  faith 
in  New  England.  Dr.  G.  A. 
Gordon  is  the  pastor. 

Also  on  the  Boylston  St. 
side  of  Copley  Sq.  are  the 
Girls'  Latin  School  and  the 
Second  Church  (Congrega- 
tional Unitarian).  This 
church  has  had  many  dis- 
tinguished ministers,  in- 
cluding the  three  Mathers, 
— Samuel,  Increase  and 
Cotton, — and  Ralph  Waldo 
Emerson. 

Going  out  Boylston 
the  new  "old  south  "  church  Street  from  Copley  Square, 
one  comes,  on  the  left,  to  the  building  of  the  Harvard  Medical 
School.  This  is  on  the  corner  of  Exeter  Street,  and  has  been 
the  home  of  the  school  since  it  was  moved  from  the  North 
Grove  Street  building  in  1883.  At  the  end  of  the  present  school 
year  this  building  will  be  given  up  for  the  new  and  beautiful 
buildings  on  Longwood  Avenue.  Directly  behind  the  Medical 
School,  facing  on  Exeter  Street,  is  the  clubhouse  of  the  Boston 
Athletic  Association. 

On  the  fifth  floor  of  the  building  at  No.  739  Boylston  Street, 
the  Boston  Board  of  Health  Laboratory  occupies  a  floor  space  of 
2,600  square  feet.  This  laboratory  is  under  the  charge  of  a  di- 
rector and  two  assistants,  and  renders  great  assistance  to  Bos- 
ton physicians  by  making  all  sorts  of  bacteriological  examina- 
tions for  them.  The  work  is  done  free  in  all  cases  in  which 
either  the  physician  or  the  patient  is  a  resident  of  Boston.  The 
first  work  of  this  laboratory  was  almost  entirely  limited  to  the 
examination  of  cultures  from  cases  of  suspected  diphtheria. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  65 

There  are  now  fifty  stations  in  drug  stores  scattered  over  the 
city,,  where  physicians  can  obtain  outfits  for  use  in  suspected 
cases  of  diphtheria,  tuberculosis,  malaria,  typhoid  fever  and  gon- 
orrhoeal  ophthalmia,  and  may  leave  specimens  with  assurance 
of  a  speedy  report.  The  laboratory  is  willing  to  carry  out  any 
bacteriological  examinations  that  can  properly  be  called  public- 
health  work.  Visitors  are  always  welcome.  The  Board  of  Health 
has  charge  of  the  inspection  of  the  public  schools  of  the  city, 
employing  a  corps  of  fifty  physicians,  each  one  being  assigned  to 
a  district  containing  a  definite  number  of  schools  and  scholars, 
and  each  responsible  to  the  board  for  the  health  of  the  pupils 
and  for  the  sanitary  condition  of  the  schoolhouses  in  his  care. 

At  the  corner  of  Boylston  and  Hereford  streets  is  the  re- 
cently completed  building  of  the  Tenuis  and  Racquet  Club. 

The  Medical  Baths  in  the  Farragut  Building,  No.  126  Massa- 
chusetts Avenue,  corner  of  Boylston  Street,  were  started  by  a 
committee  of  representative  medical  men,  in  order  that  Boston 
might  have  the  advantage  of  a  scientific  hydrotherapeutic  es- 
tablishment. This  is  a  thoroughly  equipped  plant,  under  com- 
petent medical  supervision,  where  hydrotherapeutic  measures 
may  be  carried  out  either  according  to  the  judgment  of  the 
patient's  physician,  or,  if  he  so  wishes,  according  to  the  judg- 
ment of  the  medical  men  in  charge. 

At  the  corner  of  Boylston  Street  and  the  Fenway  is  the 
building  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  founded  in  1791- 
Besides  a  priceless  library,  the  Historical  Society  has  an  inter- 
esting museum,  which  the  genial  secretary,  Dr.  Samuel  A. 
Green,  former  mayor  of  Boston,  will  be  glad  to  show  to  the 
members  of  the  American  Medical  Association. 

Across  the  Fenway  from  the  Historical  Society's  building  is 
a  memorial  to  John  Boyle  O'Reilly,  the  Irish  poet  and  patriot, 
who  was  for  many  years  the  editor  of  a  Boston  paper,  the  "Pilot." 

Next  to  the  building  of  the  Historical  Society,  and  facing 
on  the  Fenway,  is  the  Boston  Medical  Library.  This  associa- 
tion was  formed  in  1875,  and  the  first  library  consisted  of  1,500 
volumes,  housed  in  two  rooms  on  Hamilton  Place.  A  little 
later  a  house  was  purchased  at  No.  19  Boylston  Place,  and  re- 


66 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


modelled  so  as  to  give  a  hall  for  medical  meetings  on  the  first 

floor,  around  the  walls  of 


which     were 
shelves.    On 


the     book- 
the    second 


s 


BOSTON  MEDICAL  LIBRARY 


floor  was  a  reading-room 
and  office.  The  library  re- 
mained at  No.  19  Boylston 
Place  for  twenty-two  years, 
until  its  building  was  so 
outgrown  that  10,000  vol- 
umes had  to  be  stored  in 
other  places. 

In  1898  the  movement 
was  started  that  resulted 
in  the  erection  of  the 
present  building,  which 
has  been  occupied  since 
January,  1901.  Besides 
adequate  stacks  for  the  care  of  the  books,  there  are  several 
reading-rooms,  the  largest  of  which  is  Holmes  Hall.  This  beau- 
tiful hall  was  named  after  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes,  the  li- 
brary's first  president.  The  library  building  serves  as  a  meeting- 
place  for  most  of  Boston's  larger  medical  societies,  and  many 
of  the  smaller  ones,  and  has  for  this  purpose  three  halls  and 
several  rooms,  including  a  supper-room.  The  largest  hall  seats 
about  three  hundred  persons,  and  the  other  two  about  sixty. 
Among  the  medical  societies  which  meet  at  the  library  men- 
tion should  be  made  of  the  Boston  Society  for  Medical  Im- 
provement, incorporated  in  1839-  It  has  had  much  to  do  with 
the  upbuilding  of  medicine  in  Boston.  A  Directory  for  Nurses, 
which  is  under  the  charge  of  the  Association,  has  its  headquar- 
ters in  this  building.  In  addition  to  50,000  bound  volumes  and 
22,000  pamphlets,  the  library  contains  a  very  large  and  valuable 
collection  of  medical  medals  (the  Storer  Collection),  many  por- 
traits of  medical  men,  besides  autographs,  prints  and  other 
things  of  medical  interest.  The  present  library  is  largely  the 
result  of  the  untiring  energy  of  the  late  Dr.  James  R.  Chadwick, 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  67 

who  was  librarian  from  its  founding,  in  1875,  to  the  time  of  his 
death,  in  the  fall  of  1905.  The  Medical  Library  is  the  home  of 
the  Massachusetts  Medical  Society. 

The  Massachusetts  Medical  Society  was  formed  in  1781,  with 
power  to  elect  officers,  examine  and  license  candidates  for  prac- 
tice, hold  real  estate,  and  " continue  as  a  body  politic  and  cor- 
porate by  the  same  name  forever."  It  was  reorganized  largely 
through  the  efforts  of  James  Jackson,  in  1803.  Candidates, 
either  male  or  female,  for  membership  in  the  society  must  be 
not  less  than  twenty-one  years  of  age,  and  of  good  moral  char- 
acter; must  satisfy  the  censors,  by  oral  and  written  examina- 
tion, that  they  have  a  good  general  English  education,  that 
they  have  some  knowledge  of  Latin,  and  that  they  have  studied 
medicine  and  surgery  three  full  years,  and  have  attended  two 
full  courses  of  lectures  in  separate  years  at  an  authorized  medi- 
cal school  recognized  by  the  councillors  of  the  society,  and 
possess  a  diploma  from  some  such  school.  A  candidate  must 
not  profess  to  cure  diseases  by,  nor  intend  to  practise,  spiritual- 
ism, homeopathy,  allopathy,  Thomsonianism,  eclecticism,  or 
any  other  irregular  or  exclusive  system. 

There  is  an  annual  meeting  and  a  dinner  of  the  society  in 
the  month  of  June  each  year,  and  the  district  societies,  of 
which  there  are  eighteen,  hold  more  or  less  frequent  meetings 
during  the  year,  and  an  annual  meeting  at  least  ten  days  be- 
fore the  meeting  of  the  parent  society. 

The  present  membership  of  the  society  is  about  three  thou- 
sand. The  dues  are  five  dollars  a  year.  The  proceedings  of  the 
society  and  the  annual  address  are  published  each  year.  Most 
of  the  reputable  regular  physicians  of  the  State  are  members 
of  the  Massachusetts  Medical  Society.  Being  a  member,  how- 
ever, does  not  give  the  right  to  practise. 

The  Board  of  Registration  in  Medicine  confers  authority  to 
practise  medicine  in  Massachusetts.  It  is  composed  of  seven 
physicians,  each  appointed  by  the  Governor,  and  serving  for  a 
period  of  seven  years.  No  member  of  the  board  shall  belong  to 
the  faculty  of  any  medical  college,  and  no  more  than  three 
members  shall  at  one  time  be  members  of  any  one  chartered 


68  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

state  medical  society.  Examinations  are  held  three  times  a  year, 

and  applicants  for  regis- 
tration are  given  certifi- 
cates if  they  are  found  by 
a  maj  ority  of  the  board  to 
be  twenty-one  years  of 
age  or  over,  of  good  moral 
character,  to  have  passed 
the  examinations,  which 
are  wholly  or  in  part  in 
writing,  and  to  have  paid 
a  fee  of  twenty  dollars. 
fenwav  court  From    the   windows   of 

the  Medical  Library  one  looks  out  upon  the  Fens,  a  part  of 
Boston's  park  system,  around  which  it  is  expected  many  fine 
residences  will  be  built  in  the  not  far  distant  future. 

Directly  across  the  Fens  from  the  library  rises  the  group  of 
white  marble  buildings  of  the  Harvard  Medical  School.  In 
the  foreground  is  Fenway  Court  or  the  Isabella  Stewart  Gardner 
Museum  of  Art,  which  is  also  the  Boston  residence  of  Mrs.  John  L. 
Gardner.  This  is  built  after  the  style  of  an  Italian  palace,  and 
much  of  the  material  used  in  its  construction  was  brought  from 
Italy.  The  museum  contains  Mrs.  Gardner's  valuable  collection 
of  pictures,  marbles  and  other  works  of  art.  Admission  to  this 
collection  is  to  be  had  at  stated  intervals  by  means  of  tickets. 
On  the  right  of  Mrs.  Gardner's  residence  is  Simmons  College, 
its  founder  declaring 
its  purpose  to  be  "to 
furnish  to  women  in- 
struction and  training 
in  such  branches  of  JJ0& 
art,  science,  and  in- 
dustry as  may  be  ser- 
viceable in  enabling  J 
them  to  acquire  a  live-  mi 
lihood."      The      main  3HHHH 

building  seen  here  is  simmons  college 


% 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  69 

a  long  structure  of  brick,  consisting  of  a  central  section  and 
two  wings.  The  central  pavilion,  adorned  by  stone  columns 
which  rise  from  the  second  story,  is  crowned  by  a  huge  cop- 
per ventilating  lantern.  Although  Simmons  College  was  not 
incorporated  until  1899^  it  has  a  large  and  increasing  number 
of  students.  A  dormitory  for  the  students  of  the  college  is  situ- 
ated on  Brookline  Avenue,  not  far  from  its  junction  with  the 
parkway. 

The  new  edifice  of  the  Church  of  the  Disciples  is  to  be  seen 
on  Peterborough  Street.  This  church  society,  of  which  James 
Freeman  Clarke  was  for  many  years  the  pastor,  worshipped 
until  recently  in  the  building  at  the  corner  of  Warren  Avenue 
and  West  Brookline  Street. 

To  the  left  of  Copley  Square  is  Huntington  Avenue.  At 
No.  SO  is  the  Laboratory  of  the  Boston  Board  of  Health,  where 
milk  and  vinegar  are  analyzed.  On  the  right  of  Huntington 
Avenue,  about  two  blocks  beyond  Copley  Square,  is  the  Me- 
chanics Building.  This  is  a  large  building,  which  covers  seven 
acres  of  land  and  belongs  to  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Me- 
chanics Association.  It  has  two  very  large  halls,  one  used  for 
exhibition  purposes,  and  the  other  as  an  auditorium  with  a  seat- 
ing capacity  of  eight  thousand.  ; 
Besides  these  halls  the  build- 
ing contains  trade  schools  and 
a  Normal  School  of  Gymnas- 
tics. The  society  was  founded 
in  1795,  and  Paul  Revere  was 
its  first  president.  Its  object 
was  to  relieve  the  wants  of  un-  |'  t...  .*;,-* 
fortunate  mechanics  and  their 
families,  and   to   promote   in- 

,  .  -.    .  ,      •  CHRISTIAN  SCIENCE  CHURCH 

ventions  and  improvements  in 

mechanic  arts.  The  present  building  was  erected  in  1880-1. 
On  St.  Botolph  Street,  which  runs  parallel  to  Huntington 
Avenue  to  the  south,  is  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy,  on 
the  corner  of  Garrison  Street.  Pharmacists  must  be  registered 
by  the  State  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy  in  order  to  do 


70 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


N.  L.  Stebbins,  Photo. 

HORTICULTURAL  HALL 


business  in  the  Common- 
wealth. 

At  No.  21 8  Huntington 
Avenue  is  the  clubhouse 
of  the  Elysium  Club.  This 
club  includes  in  its  mem- 
bership most  of  Boston's 
prominent  Hebrews. 

To  the  right  of  Hun- 
tington Avenue,  just  be- 
fore one  reaches  Massachusetts  Avenue,  is  to  be  seen  the  huge 
Christian  Science  Church,  which  is  to  be  dedicated  June  10.  This 
building,  which  is  joined  to  the  so-called  "Mother  Church,"  has 
more  the  proportions  of  an  Old  World  cathedral  than  of  a 
church.  It  is  said  that  its  cost,  together  with  that  of  a  large  plot 
of  land,  will  be  upwards  of  two  million  dollars.  It  will  have  a  seat- 
ing capacity  of  five  thousand.  Its  dome,  surmounted  by  a  cupola, 
is  two  hundred  and  twenty-four  feet  high, — a  landmark  which 
can  be  seen  at  a  very  considerable  distance. 

Near  the  intersection  of  Huntington  and  Massachusetts 
avenues  are  several  buildings  which  are  of  interest.  Chickering 
Hall  is  a  low,  rather  ornate  building,  used  for  musical  purposes. 
Many  small  concerts  are  held  here. 

Horticultural  Hall,  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Huntington 
and  Massachu- 
setts avenues,  is 
the  new  building 
of  the  Massachu- 
setts Horticultu- 
ral Society,  which 
was  founded  in 
1829.  The  former 
headquarters  of 
the  society,  on 
the  site  of  the 
Paddock     Build-  ■ 

/>  SYMPHONY  HALL 

ing,  was  tor  many 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


71 


years  one  of  the  striking  landmarks  of  Tremont  Street.  Every 
year  the  society  has  many  exhibitions  of  fruity  plants,  flowers, 
vegetables,  fungi,  &c. 


CHILDREN  S  HOSPITAL 

Across  Massachusetts  Avenue  from  Horticultural  Hall  is 
Symphony  Hall.  Here  are  given  during  the  fall  and  winter  the 
concerts  of  the  celebrated  Boston  Symphony  Orchestra.  During 
the  spring  members  of  the  same  orchestra  give  a  series  of  popu- 
lar promenade  concerts  called  "Pops." 

On  Huntington  Avenue,  just  beyond  Symphony  Hall,  is  the 
Children  s  Hospital.  This  institution,  incorporated  in  1869,  was 
for  a  time  at  No.  9  Rutland  Street,  and  later  at  No.  1429  Wash- 
ington Street.  The  present  building,  of  Renaissance  style,  was 
built  in  1881.  There  have,  however,  been  some  additions  made 
since  that  time.  The  hospital  receives  as  ward  patients  children 
between  two  and  twelve  years  of  age.  It  has  one  hundred  beds, 
divided  between  medical,  surgical  and  orthopedic  services. 
The  out-patient  department  is  attended  by  a  large  number  of 
ambulatory  orthopedic  cases.  Connected  with  the  hospital  is 
a  shop  for  the  manufacture  of  orthopedic  apparatus.  At  Welles- 
ley  the  hospital  has  a  convalescent  home,  which  is  of  the  great- 
est help  in  the  treatment  of  its  patients.  In  1905  the  hospital 


72  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

treated  1,534  patients  in  the  wards. 

To  this  institution  may 
be  traced  much  of  the  in- 
^  terest   in  orthopedics,  so 

prominent  in  Boston  me- 
dicine. 

At  No.  241  St.  Botolph 

If.       Street,  just  a  block  east  of 

..:: — ^x.^^11  "  the  Children's  Hospital,  is 

^~~  -     -■   the    Industrial    School  for 

conservatory  of  music  Crippled     and     Deformed 

Children.  This  school  was  incorporated  in  1894,  "to  promote 
the  education  and  special  training  of  crippled  and  deformed 
children."  Its  present  building,  completed  in  1904,  will  be  able 
to  accommodate  ultimately  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  pupils. 
Children  under  fifteen  are  taught  the  usual  branches  as  in 
primary  and  grammar  schools,  together  with  manual  training 
adapted  to  these  grades.  Those  over  fifteen  are  taught  typeset- 
ting, printing,  cane-seating,  basketwork  and  needlework. 
When  proficient,  they  receive  pay.  Most  of  the  smaller  children 
are  brought  to  and  from  the  school  in  carriages,  and  are  given 
their  dinners.  There  is  a  nurse  to  look  after  dressings,  adjust 
apparatus,  and  care  for  the  children. 

On  the  corner  of  Gainsborough  Street  and  Huntington  Ave- 
nue  is  the  New  England  Conservatory  of  Music,  founded  in  1870. 
This  is  the  largest  and  most  important  music  school  in  the 
country.  It  has  courses  in  the  science  and  art  of  music  in  all  its 
branches.  By  a  recent  arrangement  with  Harvard  University, 
students  of  either  institution  may  take  certain  courses  at  the 
other,  an  arrangement  ad- 
vantageous to  both.  In 
Jordan  Hall,  the  Concert 
Room,  is  the  great  organ, 
formerly  in  the  old  Boston 
Music  Hall,  in  Hamilton 
Place.  Jordan  Hall,  the 
chief    auditorium    in    the       tufts  college  medical  school 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  73 

Conservatory,  is  entered  from  Gainsborough  Street. 

Beyond  the  Conservatory,  on  the  same  side  of  Huntington 
Avenue,  we  come  to  the  baseball  grounds  of  the  American 
League.  A  little  farther  along  is  the 


Tufts  College  Medical  School 

By  vote  of  the  Trustees  of  Tufts  College  the  Tufts  College  Me- 
dical School  was  established  in  Boston,  August  28,  1893.  The 
object  of  the  school  was  to  provide  a  "practical  and  thorough 
medical  education  for  persons  of  both  sexes  upon  equal  terms." 
The  school  at  first  was  located  in  a  building  belonging  to 
the  College  at  No.  188  Boylston  Street.  These  quarters  were 
speedily  outgrown  and  the  Chauncey  Hall  School  building,  in 
Copley  Square,  was  leased  while  the  building  on  the  corner  of 
Rutland  Street  and  Shawmut  Avenue  was  prepared  for  its  per- 
manent location.  In  1897  the  school  was  transferred  to  Rutland 
Street  and  Shawmut  Avenue.  The  quarters  for  the  school  having 
become  again  outgrown  and  the  Boston  Dental  College  having 
become  an  incorporate  part  of  Tufts  College,  it  was  found  neces- 
sary to  provide  still  larger  quarters  for  the  rapidly  increasing 
number  of  students.  The  present  building,  on  the  corner  of 
Huntington  Avenue  and  Bryant  Street,  was  accordingly  con- 
structed, and  has  been  the  home  of  the  Medical  and  Dental 
schools  since  the  opening  of  the  session  of  1901-2. 

The  school  offers  a  four-years'  graded  course  in  all  the 
branches  of  the  study  of  medicine.  Its  laboratory  facilities  are 
ample.  Instruction  is  given  by  means  of  lectures,  demonstra- 
tions, laboratory  exercises,  and  clinics.  There  are  twenty-four 
professors,  one  associate  professor,  six  assistant  professors,  two 
demonstrators,  one  clinical  lecturer,  thirty  instructors,  seven 
assistant  demonstrators  and  nineteen  assistants.  There  are 
twenty  student  laboratory  assistants.  In  the  present  session 
380  students  are  enrolled  as  follows:  Fourth  year,  81;  third 
year,  68;  second  year,  99',  first  year,  103;  special  students,  27; 
graduates,  2.  Students  of  this  school  are  admitted  to  the  am- 
phitheatres of  the  Massachusetts  General  and  City  hospitals. 
Clinics  are  held  at  the  Boston  City  Hospital,  the  Massachu- 


74  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

setts  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary,  the  Carney  Hospital, 
the  Cambridge  Hospital,  the  Free  Hospital  for  Women,  the 
Woman's  Charity  Club  Hospital,  the  Boston  Dispensary,  the 
Tremont  Dispensary,  the  House  of  the  Good  Samaritan, 
St.  Mary's  Infant  Asylum,  St.  Elizabeth's  Hospital,  the  Free 
Home  for  Consumptives,  and  numerous  asylums  and  other  in- 
stitutions. 

Beyond  the  Fens  one  comes,  on  the  right,  to  Longwood  Ave- 
nue, on  which  are  the  new  buildings  of  the 

Harvard  Medical  School 

The  Harvard  Medical  School  was  the  third  medical  school  to 
be  founded  in  the  United  States,  being  antedated  by  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  Medical  School,  founded  in  1 765,  and 
the  short-lived  New  York  Medical  School,  founded  in  1768. 

The  school  may  be  said  to  owe  its  origin  to  the  bequest  of 
Dr.  Ezekiel  Hersey  to  Harvard  College  in  the  year  1770  of  the 
sum  of  £1,000,  to  be  used  "for  a  Professorship  of  Anatomy, 
and  for  that  use  only."  Dr.  Hersey  was  a  plain  country  doctor, 
with  a  practice  in  Hingham  and  the  surrounding  towns.  He  had 
graduated  from  Harvard  and  had  studied  medicine  in  Boston 
under  a  preceptor,  as  the  custom  of  those  days  was.  He  felt 
the  need  of  a  medical  school,  and  resolved  to  do  what  he 
could  toward  establishing  one. 

The  Revolution  delayed  the  beginning  of  the  school,  but 
brought  to  it,  when  once  it  was  started,  the  results  of  the  ex- 
perience gained  in  the  military  hospitals,  and  in  the  contact 
with  the  medical  men  trained  in  the  best  schools  of  the  mother 
country. 

The  history  of  the  school  may  be  divided,  conveniently,  into 
four  periods,  for  with  every  change  of  location  came  important 
alterations  in  the  personnel  of  the  teaching  force,  in  policies, 
and  in  the  clinical  opportunities  afforded  the  students. 

First (1782-1 81 6),  its  life  in  Cambridge,  and  in  its  temporary 
quarters  on  old  Marlborough  Street,  in  Boston. 

Second  (1816-1847),  the  time  that  it  occupied  the  Massa- 
chusetts Medical  College  building  on  Mason  Street. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  75 

Third  (1847-1883),  its  occupancy  of  the  building  on  North 
Grove  Street. 

Fourth  (1883-1906),  the  twenty-three  years  during  which 
its  home  has  been  on  Boyhion  Street. 

A  fifth  and  a  far  greater  period  is  now  at  hand,  —  the  be- 
ginning of  a  medical  university,  surpassing  in  equipment  and 
beauty  any  in  the  world.  It  remains  for  the  future  to  show  what 
this  is  to  mean  to  the  cause  of  medical  education. 

Dr.  John  Warren,  surgeon  in  the  Continental  Army  and  an 
active  physician,  had  given  a  successful  series  of  lectures  on 
Anatomy  in  Boston  in  1780  and  1781,  and  was  invited  to  re- 
peat them  in  Cambridge.  This  he  did,  and  at  the  request  of 
the  College  drew  up  articles  to  govern  the  Department  of 
Medicine  to  be  formed  in  connection  with  Harvard  College.  He 
was  chosen  to  the  chair  of  Anatomy  and  Surgery  in  1782,  and 
a  month  later  Benjamin  Water- 
house,  a  Boston  practitioner, 
formerly  of  Newport,  was 
elected  Professor  of  the  Theory 
and  Practice  of  Physic.  The 
following  year  Aaron  Dexter,  a 
Boston  apothecary,  was  made 
Professor  of  Materia  Medica. 
These  three  composed  the 
teaching  force  during  the  early 
years  of  the  school.  Dr.  Holmes 
thus  describes  Dr.  WTater- 
house  as  he  appeared  during  NM 
his  later  life  in  Cambridge:  "A^- 

brisk,  dapper  old  gentleman,  HOLDEN  CHAPEL  IN  CAMBRIDGE 
with  hair  tied  in  a  ribbon  behind,  and,  I  think,  powdered, 
marching  smartly  about  with  his  gold-headed  cane,  with  a 
look  of  questioning  sagacity  and  an  utterance  of  oracular  gra- 
vity. The  good  people  of  Cambridge  listened  to  his  learned 
talk  when  they  were  well,  and  sent  for  one  of  the  other  two 
doctors  when  they  were  sick." 

The  instruction  consisted  at  first  mainly  of  lectures,  which 


76  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

were  given  in  Harvard  Hall  and  Holden  Chapel  in  the  College 
grounds  at  Cambridge.  Dissecting  material  was  hard  to  pro- 
cure. The  first  degrees  were  conferred  in  1788  and  were  those 
of  Bachelors  of  Medicine,  the  first  Doctors  of  Medicine  being 
graduated  in  1811. 

Ward  Nicholas  Boylston  laid  the  foundation  of  the  Bovlston 
Medical  Library  by  giving  to  the  school  in  1800  about  eleven 
hundred  volumes  of  selected  authors. — a  great  help  to  the  strug- 
gling school.  Attempts  to  secure  clinical  advantages  in  Cam- 
bridge proving  fruitless,  arrangements  were  made,  in  1810.  for  a 
course  of  clinical  lectures  at  the  almshouse  on  Leverett  Street. 
in  Boston,  and  a  Professor  of  Clinical  Medicine  was  appointed 
in  the  person  of  James  Jackson.  Two  years  later  he  succeeded 
Dr.  Waterhouse  as  Professor  of  Theory  and  Practice,  and  held 
both  positions  for  several  years.  The  professors  were  paid,  for 
the  most  part,  by  the  fees  received  from  their  pupils. 

The  home  of  the  school  in  Boston  was  at  first  in  rooms  over 
White's  apothecary  shop,  on  the  site  of  the  clothing  store  of 
Macullar,  Parker  Company,  at  what  is  now  No.  400  Washington 
Street,  between  School  and  Summer  streets. 

The  number  of  medical  students  hi  1814  was  one  hundred 
and  twenty,  of  which  fifty  were  at  the  school  in  Boston  and 
seventy  in  Cambridge.  Communication  between  Boston  and 
Cambridge  was  by  ferry  to  Charlestown  and  a  long  journey  over 
the  road.  Many  were  the  subterfuges  resorted  to  in  order  to 
get  material  for  dissection.  Popular  prejudice  was  strong 
against  anatomical  study,  and  "body  snatching"  alone  pro- 
duced practical  results.  The  good  physician  of  those  days  had 
to  possess  many  sorts  of  fortitude, — he  must  brave  the  terrors 
of  the  law  to  round  out  his  education,  and  keep  a  steady  hand 
while  operating  on  conscious  and  suffering  humanity. 

The  anatomical  dissections  were  made  in  the  rooms  over 
White's  apothecary  shop,  and  the  clinical  facilities  were  fur- 
nished by  the  almshouse, the  Marine  Hospital(l803)at  Charles- 
town,  the  Boston  Dispensary  (1801),  and  the  State  Prison  at 
Charlestown.  For  many  years  the  lectures  in  chemistry  were 
delivered  at  Cambridge. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


77 


Dr.  John  Warren  died  in  1815,  and  was  succeeded  in  the 
chair  of  Anatomy  and  Surgery  by  his  son,  John  Collins  War- 
ren. In  this  same  year  Jacob  Bigelow  was  Lecturer  in  Materia 
Medica  and  Botany,  and  Walter  Channing  in  Midwifery,  so 
that  when  the  school  moved  into  its  new  building  on  Mason 
Street, — the  Massachusetts  Medical  College,  as  it  was  called  in 
18 16, — the  teaching  force  had  materially  changed,  and  con- 
sisted of  J.  C.  Warren  in  Anatomy  and  Surgery ;  James  Jackson,  in 
Theory  and  Practice;  Jacob  Bigelow  in  Materia  Medica;  Walter 
Channing  in  Midwifery,  and  John  Gorham,  who  had  succeeded 
Dexter,  in  Chemistry.  Dr.  Gorham  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  New  England  Medical  Journal  (1812),  the  forerunner  of 
the  Boston  Medical  and  SurgicalJournal  (1828).  Dr.  J.  C.  Warren 
was  Professor  of  -------- -- 

Anatomy  and 
Surgery  dur- 
ing the  years 
the  school  re- 
mained on  Ma- 
son St.  He  was 
instrumental  in 
getting  the  le- 
gislative grant 
with  which  the 
Mason  Street 
building  was 
erected,  and  he 

helped  raise  the  sum  of  8150,000  which  was  used  to  build  the 
Massachusetts  General  Hospital.  He  was  selected  as  visiting 
surgeon  to  the  hospital  when  it  was  opened  in  1821,  and  per- 
formed there  the  first  operation  under  ether  anaesthesia,  in  Oc- 
tober, 1846.  He  was  the  third  president  of  the  American  Medi- 
cal Association. 

The  first  regular  medical  faculty  was  organized  November  1, 
18 16,  and  consisted  of  Drs.  Jackson,  Warren,  Gorham,  Bigelow 
and  Channing.  A  library  and  a  museum  were  established  in  the 
new  school.  The  number  of  students  in  1818  was  fifty-eight,  and 


Massachusetts  Medical  College,  Mason  Street,  Boston, 
1815. 


78  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

the  course  of  lectures  was  three  months. 

When  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital  was  completed, 
it  was  used  to  provide  clinical  material  for  the  students.  John 
Ware  succeeded  James  Jackson  as  Hersey  Professor  of  the 
Theory  and  Practice  of  Physic  in  1836,  and  John  WThite  Web- 
ster succeeded  Dr.  Gorham  in  1827. 

In  1831  the  Medical  School  was  organized  as  a  distinct  de- 
partment^ with  its  own  dean,  and  with  complete  local  self-gov- 
ernment, maintaining  its  own  receipts  and  expenditures,  and 
it  remained  in  this  anomalous  condition  until  President  Eliot 
took  charge  of  the  University  in  1870.  Then  a  new  regime 
began,  and  dating  from  this  time  the  president  was  instru- 
mental in  developing  the  school  as  an  integral  part  of  the 
University. 

In  1846  George  Parkman  presented  the  growing  school  with 
a  lot  of  land  on  North  Grove  Street,  close  to  the  Massachu- 
setts General  Hospital, and  a  new  building  was  erected  thereon. 
The  Parkman  Professorship  of  Anatomy  and  Physiology  was 
created  by  the  President  and  Fellows  of  Harvard  College  in 
1847,  and  Dr.  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  was  elected  to  fill  this 
office.  At  the  same  time  Dr.  J.  B.  S.  Jackson  was  created  Pro- 
fessor of  Pathological  Anatomy.  This  was  the  year  of  the  or- 
ganization of  the  America?!  Medical  Association. 

In  1849  Dr.  Henry  J.  Bigelow  succeeded  Dr.  Hayward,  who 
had  followed  Dr.  W7arren  in  the  chair  of  Surgery. 

The  Warren  museum  of  anatomical  preparations,  collected 
by  Dr.  John  C.  Warren  abroad  and  in  this  country,  was  given 
to  the  school  on  the  completion  of  the  new  building,  and  was 
the  basis  of  the  present  Warren  Anatomical  Museum,  containing 
about  nine  thousand  specimens,  illustrating  both  normal  and 
pathological  anatomy  and  materia  medica. 

At  this  time  the  different  clinical  facilities  were  furnished  by 
the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital,  close  at  hand ;  by  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary  (1824),  which  moved 
into  a  new  building  on  Charles  Street  in  1850;  by  the  Perkins 
Institution  for  the  Blind  (1829)  in  South  Boston,  and  by  the  Bos- 
ton Lying-in  Hospital  (l  832)  on  McLean  Street.  It  was  at  this  hos- 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  79 

pital  that  Dr.  O.  W.  Holmes  made  the  study  of  puerperal  sep- 
ticaemia, on  which  he  founded  his  famous  thesis  which  revolu- 
tionized the  practice  of  obstetrics.  Clinical  teaching  in  mental 
diseases  was  conducted  at  the  Asylum  for  the  Insane  at  Danvers 
and  at  the  Boston  Insane  Hospital. 

The  clinical  advantages  of  the  school  were  increased  by  the 
founding  of  the  House  of  the  Good  Samaritan  in  I860,  and  by 
the  building  of  the  Boston  City  Hospital  in  1864.  The  Children  s 
Hospital,  founded  in  1869,  opened  its  doors  to  the  students  of 
the  school  in  1882,  and  the  Free  Hospital  for  Women  (1875) 
at  about  this  time.  In  later  years  the  students  have  had  clini- 
cal facilities  afforded  them  at  the  Infants  Hospital,  the  Long 
Island  Hospital  for  chronic  diseases  in  Boston  Harbor,  and  the 
Carney  Hospital.  At  the  present  time  the  clinical  facilities  are 
probably  greater  than  in  any  medical  school  in  the  country. 
It  is  hoped  that  the  members  of  the  American  Medical  Associ- 
ation will  inspect  the  many  hospitals  of  the  city.  The  intro- 
duction of  the  use  of  ether  anaesthesia  in  surgical  practice  in 
1846  (see  Massachusetts  General  Hospital)  produced  a  revo- 
lution in  surgical  methods,  and  inaugurated  a  new  era  in 
medicine. 

In  1849  occurred  the  notorious  Parkman  murder  in  the 
Medical  School  building.  George  Parkman,  the  donor  of  the 
land  on  which  the  school  was  built,  went  to  the  school  one 
day  in  November  to  collect  a  debt  from  Dr.  John  W.  Webster, 
the  Professor  of  Chemistry.  He  was  seen  to  enter  the  building 
at  1.45  p.m.,  and  was  never  seen  again  alive.  No  trace  of  him 
was  found  until  a  week  later,  when  a  pelvis,  a  right  thigh  and 
a  left  leg  were  found  in  a  privy  connected  with  Webster's  pri- 
vate laboratory.  In  the  laboratory  furnace  were  found  many 
bones,  and  the  block  of  mineral  teeth  and  the  gold  filling 
which  served  to  identify  the  remains  as  those  of  Parkman. 
Webster  was  arrested,  and  finally  confessed  that  Parkman  had 
taunted  him  on  the  nonpayment  of  his  debt,  that  he  had  killed 
him  in  a  fit  of  anger  by  hitting  him  on  the  head  with  a  stick 
of  wood,  and  then  disposed  of  the  body  to  hide  his  guilt.  The 
trial  made  a  profound  sensation  in  Boston,  because  of  the  high 


80  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

social  and  professional  standing  of  both  parties.  Webster  was 
hanged  August  30,  1850. 

Among  the  eminent  men  connected  with  the  school  while 
it  was  on  North  Grove  Street  were  G.  C.  Shattuck,  Professor 
of  Clinical  Medicine,  and  also  of  Theory  and  Practice;  Jacob 
Bigelow,  Professor  of  Materia  Medica;  Jeffries  Wyman,  Her- 
sey  Professor  of  Anatomy;  David  Humphreys  Storer,  Professor 
of  Obstetrics ;  Henry  J.  Bigelow,  Professor  of  Surgery ;  Charles 
W.  Eliot,  later  president  of  the  college,  Lecturer  in  Chemistry ; 
Morrill  Wyman,  Professor  of  Theory  and  Practice;  Henry  I. 
Bowditch,  Jackson  Professor  of  Clinical  Medicine,  and  Calvin 
Ellis,  Professor  of  Clinical  Medicine.  Dr.  Oliver  Wendell 
Holmes  gave  his  last  lecture  in  Anatomy  in  the  North  Grove 
Street  building  in  1882. 

As  before,  whenever  the  school  had  progressed  to  the  point 
where  larger  and  better  facilities  were  needed,  the  younger 
and  more  progressive  men  came  to  the  fore,  the  older  men  re- 
tired, and  there  were  changes  in  the  teaching  force.  The  need 
of  a  school  building  located  in  a  more  respectable  part  of  the 
city  was  felt  as  early  as  1874,  the  neighborhood  of  North  Grove 
Street  having  deteriorated  very  markedly.  Dr.  Holmes  ima- 
gined a  graduate  of  a  well-ordered  medical  institution  in  Europe 
exclaiming  on  seeing  the  school,  "O  star-eyed  Science!  hast 
thou  wandered  there!" 

A  public  meeting  was  held  in  1874,  and  a  committee  ap- 
pointed to  raise  funds.  It  was  not  until  the  fall  of  1883,  one 
hundred  years  after  the  founding  of  the  school,  that  the  Har- 
vard Medical  School  moved  into  its  new  building  on  Boylston 
Street.  The  building  cost,  with  the  land,  $321,415,  and  was 
thought  at  the  time  to  be  admirably  suited  to  the  needs  of  the 
institution  for  many  years  to  come. 

A  four-years'  course  of  study  was  made  optional  in  1879-80, 
before  moving  to  Boylston  Street.  In  1892  it  was  made  obliga- 
tory, with  most  beneficial  results,  the  number  of  students  not 
falling  off  to  any  appreciable  extent.  In  1893  the  teaching  staff 
consisted  of  eighty-six  men,  exclusive  of  those  connected  with 
the  Summer  School.  The  opening  of  the  Sears  Pathological 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  81 

Laboratory  at  the  school,  and  the  pathological  laboratories  at 
the  Massachusetts  General  and  City  hospitals,  greatly  enlarged 
the  facilities  for  instruction.  The  Graduate  School  was  developed, 
and  opportunities  offered  for  men  to  become  investigators  or 
specialists  of  the  highest  type.  A  degree  in  Arts  or  Science 


HARVARD  MEDICAL  SCHOOL,  1883-1906 

was  required  for  admission  to  the  school  after  1902,  Harvard 
being  the  pioneer  in  this  respect,  as  she  was  the  second  medi- 
cal school  in  the  country  to  require  a  four-years'  course  of  study. 
In  1904-5,  of  the  307  students  in  the  school, 267, or  87per  cent., 
were  holders  of  the  preliminary  degree  of  A.B  or  S.B. 

Beginning  with  the  year  1899-1900  a  new  arrangement  of 
the  subjects  taught  in  the  first  two  years  was  adopted.  During 
the  first  half  of  the  first  year  the  students  devote  their  time 
solely  to  Anatomy  and  Histology,  and  during  the  second  half 
of  the  first  year  to  Physiology  and  Physiological  and  Pathologi- 
cal Chemistry.  They  devote  the  first  half  of  the  second  year  to 
Pathology  and  Bacteriology,  and  the  remainder  of  the  second 
year  to  a  variety  of  subjects  which  more  particularly  prepare 
the  student  for  the  clinical  work  of  the  third  and  fourth  years. 

Experience  has  shown  that  this  logical  arrangement  of  the 


82  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

subjects  of  the  first  two  years  enables  a  student  to  concentrate 
his  energies  to  a  much  greater  advantage  than  he  can  when 
his  attention  is  divided  among  several  subjects.  Each  corre- 
lated group  presents  sufficient  variety  to  avoid  monotony.  An- 
other advantage  of  this  method  is  that  it  greatly  increases  the 
amount  of  time  which  can  be  devoted  to  each  subject. 

In  1902  certain  other  changes  in  the  curriculum  were  adopted, 
to  take  effect  with  the  class  entering  in  the  autumn  of  that 
year.  The  new  course  of  study  is  so  arranged  that  the  first 
three  years  are  devoted  to  prescribed  work,  and  the  fourth 
year  entirely  to  elective  courses.  A  minimum  of  one  thou- 
sand hours'  wrork  will  be  required  of  each  fourth-year  stu- 
dent; and  courses  will  be  offered  adapted  to  the  student  who 
wishes  to  fit  himself  to  be  a  general  practitioner,  and  also  suita- 
ble courses  for  those  who  intend  to  become  specialists  or  teach- 
ers in  any  department  of  medicine.  The  new  elective  curricu- 
lum of  the  fourth  year  began  in  the  autumn  of  1905. 

When  the  school  moved  to  Boylston  Street,  it  separated  it- 
self from  a  near-by  hospital,  and  since  this  time  the  clinical 
facilities,  although  most  ample,  have  been  spread  about  in 
many  hospitals  at  a  considerable  distance  from  the  school 
building.  All  this  is  to  be  changed  at  the  Longwood  Avenue 
location,  and  the  great  need  of  medical  education  is  to  be  met 
by  a  conjunction  of  laboratories  with  clinical  advantages.  The 
present  faculty  of  medicine  consists  of  thirty-four  members,  and 
in  addition  there  are  one  hundred  and  eight  instructors,  lectur- 
ers, and  assistants.  The  graduate  department  provides  133  dif- 
ferent courses,  and  last  summer  there  were  given  1 23  courses 
in  the  Summer  School  to  173  students.  There  are  at  present  in 
the  school  333  students,  divided  as  follows :  courses  for  gradu- 
ates, 6l ;  fourth  class,  66;  third  class,  55;  second  class,  72;  first 
class,  79- 

The  New  School  on  Longwood  Avenue 

The  scheme  for  the  expansion  and  development  of  the  medi- 
cal school  was  conceived  several  years  ago,  and  owes  its  suc- 
cess in  a  large  measure  to  the  untiring  efforts  of  Henry  P. 


I 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  83 

Bowditch  and  J.  Collins  Warren,  who  educated  the  members 
of  the  medical  profession  to  demand,  and  the  public  to  pro- 
vide, the  means  for  the  accomplishment  of  this  object,  so 
fraught  with  promise  to  the  cause  of  medical  education. 

In  1900  a  Committee  of  the  Faculty  of  the  Medical  School 
secured  a  parcel  of  land  on  Longwood  Avenue,  on  the  outskirts 
of  Boston,  near  the  Brookline  line,  as  the  site  for  the  new  medi- 
cal school.  The  land  was  held  in  trust  by  twenty  public-spirited 
citizens  of  Boston  and  vicinity,  who  subscribed  $565,000  for 
the  purpose. 

Provisional  plans  for  five  buildings  were  made  by  Shepley, 
Rutan  and  Coolidge,  architects,  and  in  March,  1901,  Henry  P. 
Bowditch  and  J.  Collins  Warren  submitted  the  plans  to 
J.  Pierpont  Morgan.  He  agreed  to  erect  the  central  administra- 
tion pavilion  and  two  others,  in  memory  of  his  father,  Junius 
Spencer  Morgan.  Through  W.  B.  Coley,  of  New  York,  an  alum- 
nus of  the  school,  John  D.  Rockefeller  was  interested  in  the 
project.  He  sent  an  expert  to  make  a  thorough  inquiry  of  the 
financial  situation  and  the  prospects  for  the  future.  As  a  result 
of  a  most  exhaustive  report,  it  appeared  that  it  would  require 
$4,950,000  to  buy  land  for  the  medical  school  and  erect  the 
five  proposed  buildings,  and  provide  a  sufficient  endowment, 
and  that  of  this  sum  the  Corporation  of  Harvard  University 
had  $3,185,000,  including  $1,135,000  pledged  by  J.  P.  Morgan. 
Mr.  Rockefeller  agreed  to  give  $1,000,000,  applicable  to  build- 
ing or  to  endowment,  provided  that  the  balance  of  $765,000 
was  procured  from  other  sources  before  Commencement  Dajr 
in  1902.  By  April  1,  1902,  Drs.  Warren  and  Bowditch  had  ga- 
thered subscriptions  from  sixty-nine  different  donors,  to  the 
amount  of  $821,725,  and  the  success  of  the  undertaking  was 
assured.  The  largest  individual  subscription,  obtained  through 
W.  B.  Coley,  was  that  of  $250,000,  by  Mrs.  Collis  P.  Huntington, 
of  New  York,  to  be  devoted  to  the  Pathological  and  Bacterio- 
logical Laboratory. 

Arrangements  were  made  with  several  hospitals  whereby  a 
portion  of  the  land  not  needed  for  the  medical  school  should 
be  reserved  for  the  erection  of  hospitals,  to  be  managed  in 


84 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


conjunction  with  the  school. 

Further  bequests  have  been  received  by  the  Corporation 
since  the  guarantee  fund  was  made  up,  and  still  others  will  be 
welcome.  One  hospital,  the  House  of  the  Good  Samaritan,  is 
already  erected,  and  in  active  operation  at  the  new  location, 
and  it  is  planned  to  have  in  the  near  future  ample  clinical  fa- 
cilities close  at  hand  to  the  school,  making  it  a  medical  uni- 
versity and  the  greatest  medical  centre  in  the  world. 


The  present  House  of  the  Good  Samaritan,  on  Binney  Street, 
off  Longwood  Avenue,  is  the  outcome  of  a  work  started  by  Miss 
Annie  Smith  Robbins  in  I860.  She  at  that  time  opened  the 
house  at  the  corner  of  McLean  and  Chambers  streets,  for  the 
care  of  women  suffering  from  chronic  diseases.  The  house  had 
a  capacity  of  twelve  patients.  Later  an  orthopedic  department 
was  added.  The  work  was  carried  on  under  the  direction  of  the 
founder,  who  lived  in  the  house  until  the  time  of  her  death, 
in  1 899-  After  the  death  of  Miss  Robbins,  the  board  of  trustees, 
her  relatives  and  friends  raised  the  money  for  the  present  model 
hospital,  which  was  first  occupied  in  July,  1905. 

The  present  building  has  forty  beds,  twelve  of  which  are 

orthopedic,  the 
rest  medical.  The 
medical  side  di- 
vides its  beds 
about  equally  be- 
tween patients 
with  phthisis  and 
those  suffering 
with  other  chro- 
nic diseases.  The 
institution  is  the  first  example  in  this  community  of  a  hospital 
for  the  treatment  of  chronic  diseases,  it  being  in  every  respect 
a  hospital  and  not  a  home. 

The  present  building,  besides  having  wards,  operating  rooms, 
laboratory  and  administration  offices  that  illustrate  the  most 
modern  ideas  in  hospital  construction,  has  a  sun  parlor  and 


Photo,  by  Dr.  M.  D.  Miller 

HOUSE  OF  THE  GOOD  SAMARITAN 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  85 

balconies  on  each  floor.  The  beds  can  be  wheeled  from  the 
wards  to  these  balconies,  and  the  patients  spend  a  good  deal  of 
the  day  here.  Such  patients  as  it  is  desirable  to  have  do  so  sleep 
on  the  balconies. 

In  the  basement  of  the  building  is  located  the  out-patient 
department,  also  a  hydrotherapeutic  room.  The  out-patient  de- 
partment has  recently  taken  up  the  care  of  tuberculosis  pa- 
tients, who  come  to  the  hospital  each  morning  and  spend  the 
day  there,  undergoing  the  open-air  treatment.  These  patients 
are  given  dinners,  besides  lunches  on  their  arrival  and  depar- 
ture. A  nurse  visits  them  in  their  homes,  and  advises  and  assists 
them  as  to  the  best  manner  of  applying  the  principles  of  the 
open-air  treatment  during  the  time  they  are  at  home. 


THE  WEST  END 

THE  so-called  West  End  of  Boston  is  a  curious  and 
interesting  composite  of  slums,  shabby-genteel,  and 
lingering  aristocracy.  In  places  it  retains  more  than 
any  other  part  the  genuine  old  Boston  atmosphere.  To  the  mem- 
bers of  the  American  Medical  Association  it  is  of  especial  in- 
terest, containing, as  it  does,  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital, 
the  Boston  Lying-in  Hospital,  the  Lif  ants'  Hospital,  the  Massachu- 
setts Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary,  St.  Margaret's  Hospital, 
the  Charming  Home  and  the  Vincent  Memorial  Hospital. 

The  West  End  is  bounded  roughly  on  the  north  by  Lever- 
ett  Street,  on  the  south  by  Beacon  Street  and  the  Common, 
on  the  west  by  Charles  Street  and  the  Charles  River,  and  on 
the  east  by  Somerset  Street  and  Bowdoin  Square. 

Starting  at  the  archway  of  the  State  House  over  Mt.  Vernon 
Street  one  finds  himself  at  the  corner  of  Hancock  Street,  on 
which  are  situated  many  of  Boston's  once  fashionable  resi- 
dences. Walking  westward  along  Mt.  Vernon  Street,  one  comes 
to  Joy  Street.  Descending  on  the  right  we  come  to  Cambridge 
Street,  and  crossing  it  continue  straight  on  through  Chambers 
Street.  On  the  left,  at  No.  44,  in  two  inconspicuous  houses,  is 
the  Vincent  Memorial  Hospital.  This  institution  was  incorporated 
in  1890,  in  memory  of  Mrs.  J.  R.  Vincent,  an  actress  and 
member  of  the  old  Boston  Museum  Stock  Company.  The 
physicians  of  the  Trinity  Dispensary,  connected  with  St.  An- 
drew's Church,  at  No.  38  Chambers  Street,  seeing  that  the  use- 
fulness of  their  dispensary  could  be  increased  if  they  had  some 
hospital  beds  at  their  disposal,  made  a  plea  for  such  a  gift.  The 
money  was  raised  by  private  and  public  subscription,  and  the 
present  buildings  purchased.  Women  patients  only  are  treated, 
and  the  hospital  staff  consists  entirely  of  women. 

One  now  continues  along  Chambers  Street  and  comes  to 
McLean  Street,  on  the  left.  At  this  corner  stands  the  build- 
ing used  until  recently  as  the  House  of  the  Good  Samaritan, 
at  present  established  in  a  fine  new  building  in  an  attractive 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


87 


part  of  the  city.  The  visitor  may  diverge  from  the  route  by  turn- 
ing down  Green  Street,  on  the  right,  to  Bowdoin  Square.  Here 
stands  the  Revere 
House,  one  of  Bos- 
ton's old-time  hos- 
telries  which  still 
maintains  an  air  of 
respectability.  It  has 
had  the  distinction 
of  entertaining  Presi- 
dent Fillmore,  Jenny 
Lind,  the  singer,  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  and 
the  Grand  Duke  Al- 
exis of  Russia.  A 
newly  constructed 
"Grotto"  will  appeal 
to  the  tired  sight- 
seer. 

Returning  to  Mc- 
Lean  Street,  on  the  B0ST0N  LYING'IN  hospital 

left  stands  the  Boston  Lying-in  Hospital.  This  was  organized 
in  1832  for  the  care  of  poor  and  deserving  women  during 
confinement.  After  several  changes  in  location  and  mode  of 
administration,  the  trustees  established  the  institution  in  its 
present  quarters.  In  1 890  the  hospital  was  enlarged  to  the  pro- 
portions in  which  we  find  it  by  the  purchase  of  adjoining 
houses,  and  about  sixty  patients  can  now  be  accommodated.  In 
1881  an  out-patient  department  was  established  with  a  branch 
in  the  South  End,  now  at  No.  174  Harrison  Avenue,  at  the  foot 
of  Bennet  Street.  In  this  department  women  are  confined  at 
their  homes.  Students  from  the  third  and  fourth  year  classes 
at  the  Harvard  Medical  School  do  this  work,  under  experienced 
supervision,  and  in  this  way  get  the  training  in  obstetrics  re- 
quired for  their  degree.  In  1889  the  hospital  opened  a  training 
school  for  nurses.  The  hospital  treats  annually  about  seven  hun- 
dred in-patients  and  two  thousand  out-patients. 


88  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

A  few  doors  beyond,  at  No.  30,  is  the  Charming  Home.  This 
was  established  in  May.  1857,  by  Miss  Harriet  Ryan,  the  late 
Mrs.  John  Albee,  the  present  building  being  opened  May  1, 
1870.  This  is  not  a  hospital  in  the  ordinary  sense  of  the  word, 
but  a  home  for  incurables.  The  institution  has  accommodations 
for  fourteen  inmates,  women  and  girls  only  being  admitted. 

Leaving  the  Channing  Home  and  walking  on  to  Blossom 
Street,  one  finds  himself  at  the  main  entrance  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts General  Hospital.  Before  inspecting  this  hospital,  the 
visitor  may  care  to  stop  for  a  moment  at  the  Infants'  Hos- 
pital, of  which  the  full  name  is  the  Thomas  Morgan  Rotch,  Jr., 
Memorial  Hospital  for  Infants.  This  was  incorporated  in  1881, 
and  receives  as  in-patients  children  up  to  two  years  of  age 
only.  In  the  out-patient  department,  however,  children  up  to 
twelve  years  of  age  are  treated.  Contagious  diseases,  includ- 
ing syphilis,  are  not  admitted.  There  are  twenty-four  beds,  of 
which  six  are  surgical  and  eighteen  medical.  In  connection 
wTith  the  hospital  there  is  a  post-graduate  training  school  for 
nurses.  Courses  of  instruction  to  nursemaids  are  given  here. 
In  1905,  206  cases  were  admitted  to  the  medical  ward,  and  65 
to  the  surgical  ward, — a  total  of  271.  In  the  out-patient  depart- 
ment a  total  of  2,711  new  cases  wrere  treated  during  1905. 
After  July  1  the  hospital  closes,  and  its  work  is  taken  up  dur- 
ing the  summer  months  by  the  Boston  Floating  Hospital  (see 
page  1 1 0).  Returning  now  to  the 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital 
the  visitor  will  want  to  spend  some  time  in  this  famous  institu- 
tion. With  the  exception  of  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  it  is  the 
oldest  hospital  in  the  country.  It  undoubtedly  owes  its  exist- 
ence to  Dr.  J.  C.  Warren,  the  first  Professor  of  Anatomy  and 
Surgery  at  the  Harvard  Medical  School,  and  to  Dr.  James 
Jackson,  whose  life  has  just  been  written  in  a  most  charming 
manner  by  his  grandson,  Dr.  James  Jackson  Putnam.  Drs. 
Warren  and  Jackson  together  succeeded  in  raising  the  re- 
quisite funds  for  the  enterprise,  and  the  hospital  was  incor- 
porated February  25,  1811,  and  opened  to  patients  Septem- 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  89 

ber  3,  1821.  During  the  first  year  of  its  existence  it  received 
substantial  aid  from  the  State,  but  with  this  exception  it  has 
been  wholly  supported  by  voluntary  contributions  from  the 
citizens  of  Boston  and  its  neighborhood. 

During  the  first  three  weeks  of  its  existence  only  one  pa- 
tient is  said  to  have  applied  for  treatment,  and  at  the  end  of 
the  first  year  there  were  but  twelve  patients  in  the  wards.  It 
grew  rapidly  in  size,  however,  and  now  can  accommodate 
about  three  hundred  patients.  In  1905  the  daily  number  of 
patients  averaged  277,  and  about  3,200  operations  were  per- 
formed; 1,997  medical  cases  and  3,099  surgical  cases  were 
treated.  In  the  out-patient  department  21,874  new  cases  were 


M  1 1 


MASSACHUSETTS  GENERAL  HOSPITAL,  1831 

treated  in  1905,  this  number  including  medical,  surgical,  or- 
thopedic, genito-urinary,  skin,  nervous,  nose  and  throat,  and 
children's  diseases.  Patients  suffering  from  medical  or  surgical 
diseases  are  received  from  any  part  of  the  United  States  or 
the  Provinces.  Chronic  and  incurable  cases  are,  as  a  rule,  re- 
fused admission,  and  no  contagious  or  confinement  cases  are 
admitted.  There  are  three  surgical  and  two  medical  services. 
The  original  building,  made  of  Chelmsford  granite,  was  de- 


90  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

signed  by  Charles  Bulfinch,  the  architect  of  the  new  State 
House.  When  completed,  in  1821,  it  was  considered  the  finest 
edifice  in  New  England.  In  1846  two  new  wings  were  added. 

The  year  of  1846  is  especially  notable  from  the  fact  that 
on  October  16  the  first  public  demonstration  of  ether  as  a  general 
anaesthetic  jvas  given  by  Dr.  W.  T.  G.  Morton  in  the  little 
amphitheatre  under  the  dome. 

The  history  of  ether  is  most  interesting.  Previous  to  1 846  it 
was  regarded  rather  as  a  chemical  curiosity,  although  for  many 
years  it  had  been  known  that  ether,  when  inhaled,  produced 
insensibility,  and  many  are  the  amusing  experiences  and  in- 
teresting experiments  recounted;  but  to  Dr.  W.  T.  G.  Mor- 
ton, a  prominent  Boston  dentist,  its  introduction  to  the  world 
as  a  certain  and  safe  anaesthetic  is  undoubtedly  due.  No  words 
can  express  the  value  to  mankind  of  this  discovery.  The  story 
of  ether  is,  briefly,  as  follows :  * 

After  innumerable  experiments  and  disheartening  failures, 
Dr.  Morton  became  convinced  that  proper  publicity  for  the 
new  discovery  could  be  attained  only  through  the  agency  of 
some  leading  surgeon,  by  the  performance  of  an  impressive 
operation  in  the  presence  of  numerous  spectators.  The  Massa- 
chusetts General  Hospital,  the  sole  hospital  in  Boston  at  that 
time,  naturally  suggested  itself  as  a  desirable  place  for  such 
an  exhibition.  Accordingly,  Dr.  Morton  called  upon  Dr.  John 
C.  Warren,  one  of  the  surgeons  of  the  hospital,  and  told  him 
that  he  had  discovered  something  which  would  prevent  pain 
during  a  surgical  operation.  He  did  not  say  what  it  was,  but 
begged  for  an  opportunity  to  employ  it  in  some  case  in  which 
Dr.  WTarren  might  be  the  operator.  Dr.  Warren,  having  had  a 
general  acquaintance  with  Dr.  Morton  for  a  year  or  two  before 
this  time,  listened  to  this  communication  as  to  one  of  impor- 
tance and  magnitude,  and  promised,  although  at  the  moment 
unable  to  comply  with  the  request,  to  do  so  on  the  first  occa- 
sion which  offered.  The  hospital  at  this  time  was  in  a  flourish- 
ing condition,  and  included  in  its  staff  many  noted  physicians. 

*  For  this  history  of  the  introduction  of  ether  the  writer  has  made  extensive 
use  of  Br.  R.  M.  Hodges 's  "  The  Introduction  of  Sulphuric  Ether.'"' 


•s 


S   o 

W    B 
Q 

u 

CQ 

& 
Ph 


':„.'■"■•! 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  91 

The  medical  staff  consisted  of  Jacob  Bigelow,  Enoch  Hale, 
John  B.  S.  Jackson,  Henry  I.  Bowditch,  John  D.  Fisher  and 
Oliver  Wendell  Holmes.  The  surgical  staff  was  made  up  of 
John  C.  Warren,  George  Hayward,  Solomon  D.  Townsend, 
Henry  J.  Bigelow,  J.  Mason  Warren  and  Samuel  Parkman. 
It  is  worthy  of  note  that  from  1871  until  February  1,  1905, 
the  name  of  Warren  —  father,  son  and  grandson — has  been 
enrolled  on  the  surgical  staff  of  the  Massachusetts  General 
Hospital.  The  retirement  of  the  present  Dr.  J.  Collins  Warren 
on  the  latter  date  removes  for  the  first  time  this  illustrious 
name  from  the  roll. 

On  the  morning  of  October  13,  1846,  a  young  man  named 
Gilbert  Abbott,  twenty  years  old,  was  brought  into  the  oper- 
ating theatre  of  the  hospital  to  undergo  an  operation  for  the 
removal  of  a  congenital,  but  superficial,  vascular  tumor,  just 
below  the  jaw  on  the  left  side  of  the  neck.  Arrangements  for 
its  performance  having  been  completed,  Dr.  J.  C.  Warren  was 
about  to  begin  when  he  paused,  and  said:  "T  now  recollect 
that  I  promised  Dr.  Morton  to  give  him  the  earliest  oppor- 
tunity of  trying  a  mode  for  preventing  pain  in  surgical  opera- 
tions ;  and  if  the  patient  consents,  I  shall  defer  this  operation 
to  another  day,  and  invite  Dr.  Morton  to  administer  his  pre- 
paration." The  patient  naturally  approved  of  this  proposal.  The 
operation  was  postponed  to  the  following  Friday,  October  16. 
At  the  hospital  on  this  Friday  morning  Dr.  Warren  having 
waited  ten  or  fifteen  minutes  turned  to  those  present  and 
said:  " As  Dr.  Morton  has  not  yet  arrived,  I  presume  he  is 
otherwise  engaged"  —  apparently  conveying  the  idea  that 
Morton  did  not  intend  to  appear.  This  remark  created  a  laugh. 
Dr.  Warren  then  sat  down  by  his  patient.  Just  as  he  raised 
his  knife  to  begin,  Dr.  Morton  entered  with  his  inhaler,  an 
apparatus  on  which  he  had  spent  no  end  of  labor  and  ingenu- 
ity. Having  completed  his  preparations,  Morton  proceeded  to 
administer  his  compound.  " Are  you  afraid?"  he  said  to  the 
patient.  "No,"  replied  the  young  man,  "1  feel  confident,  and 
will  do  precisely  as  you  tell  me."  The  spectators  (see  the  cut  on 
the  opposite  page,  which  gives  a  good  view  of  the  persons  pre- 


92  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

sent,  and  of  the  little  amphitheatre  as  it  was  on  that  day)  looked 
on  incredulously,  especially  as  the  patient  at  first  became  ex- 
hilarated, but  suddenly,  when  his  unconsciousness  was  evi- 
dent, there  was  a  start  of  surprise.  Dr.  Morton  then  calmly 
informed  Dr.  Warren  that  his  patient  was  ready.  As  the  opera- 
tion progressed,  the  utmost  silence  prevailed.  Every  eye  was 
fixed  upon  the  novel  scene  in  eager  expectancy  and  amaze- 
ment. During  the  later  part  of  the  operation,  the  patient  was 
sufficiently  conscious  "to  move  his  limbs  and  to  utter  extraor- 
dinary expressions,  and  these  movements  seemed  to  indicate 
the  existence  of  pain,  but  after  he  had  recovered  his  faculties 
he  said  he  had  experienced  none,  but  only  a  sensation  like  that 
of  scraping  the  part  with  a  blunt  instrument."  This  somewhat 
imperfect  insensibility  arose  from  the  fact  that  as  the  opera- 
tion had  taken  longer  than  was  anticipated,  Morton  had  several 
times  removed  the  inhaler  from  the  young  man's  mouth.  While 
the  patient  was  still  lying  on  the  table,  Dr.  W7arren  turned  to 
the  audience  and  said  slowly  and  emphatically,  "Gentlemen, 
this  is  no  humbug."  He  then  remarked  that  a  satisfactory  test 
of  the  preparation  could  be  made  only  by  repeated  trials,  and 
ended  by  asking  Dr.  Morton  to  come  to  the  hospital  and  ad- 
minister it  again  on  the  following  day.  This  first  operation  oc- 
cupied about  five  minutes.  It  was  certainly  incomplete  as  a 
demonstration, — there  were  manifest  signs  of  consciousness 
during  the  dissection,  which  was  not,  perhaps,  of  the  most 
painful  description.  A  powerful  drug,  or  even  the  imagination, 
as  it  was  said,  might  have  been  an  adequate  agency  in  produ- 
cing the  phenomena  observed.  Dr.  J.  C.  Warren  himself  said  it 
should  be  placed  in  the  class  of  cases  of  imperfect  etherization. 
The  impression  made  upon  the  observers  was,  nevertheless, 
profound  enough  for  Dr.  Henry  J.  Bigelow  to  say  to  a  physi- 
cian whom  he  met  as  he  left  the  hospital,  "I  have  seen  some- 
thing to-day  which  will  go  around  the  world."  He  lived  to  see 
this  remark  prove  true. 

The  discretion  and  moral  courage  which  were  instrumental 
in  permitting  the  introduction  of  a  disguised  and  only  partially 
known    anodyne    into    the    Massachusetts   General    Hospital 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  93 

should  not  be  forgotten  or  passed  by  without  mention.  Even 
those  who  looked  with  no  friendly  eye  on  the  attitude  of  Bos- 
ton in  this  matter  candidly  asserted  that  to  the  surgeons  of 
this  hospital  the  world  owes  the  immediate  adoption  of  the 
anaesthesia  of  surgery. 

Although  all  responsibility  for  the  act  rested  absolutely  with 
the  surgeons,  the  trustees  of  that  institution, — a  board  of 
twelve  gentlemen  of  the  highest  consideration  in  this  commu- 
nity,— impressed  by  the  beneficent  and  humane  aspects  of  the 
situation,  cooperated  in  every  way  to  promote  its  acceptance. 
They  awarded  the  right  of  discovery  to  Dr.  Morton,  and  they 
befriended  him  personally,  although  he  was  a  stranger  to  all  of 
them.  None  of  them  were  physicians  or  engaged  in  similar  pur- 
suits, but  they  took  no  narrowT-minded  or  superficial  view  of 
the  all-absorbing  event.  The  active  part  they  bore,  under  the 
lead  of  Mr.  Nathaniel  Ingersoll  Bowditch,  in  the  discussions 
and  inquiries  of  the  time,  contributed  greatly  to  the  favorable 
reception  of  anaesthesia,  and  to  its  prompt  adoption  in  this 
community  and  elsewhere. 

As  one  enters  the  hospital  grounds  he  sees  to  the  left  a  small 
brick  building,  used  until  recently  as  an  admitting  room  to  the 
old  out-patient  department,  but  within  the  last  two  or  three 
years  fitted  up  for  the  use  of  the  two  assistant  resident  physi- 
cians. The  brick  house  on  the  right,  built  in  1891^  is  the  home 
of  the  resident  physician,  Dr.  Herbert  B.  Howard. 

Entering  the  hospital,  one  sees  to  the  left  the  administra- 
tive offices,  and  to  the  right  a  small  room  where  the  telephones 
are  operated.  This  room  was  in  early  days  used  as  a  dispensary 
for  out-patients,  and  is  the  birthplace  of  the  present  enormous 
out-patient  department.  Continuing  along  the  corridor,  one 
ascends  the  stairs  to  the  Treadwell  Library,  a  quiet,  sunny  room, 
with  three  alcoves  and  adorned  with  the  portraits  and  busts  of 
the  former  trustees  and  physicians  of  the  hospital.  The  nucleus 
of  this  library,  a  collection  of  five  thousand  volumes,  many  of 
them  large  and  expensive  works  not  generally  found  elsewhere, 
was  given  by  Dr.  Treadwell,  of  Salem.  The  library  contains  now 
over  six  thousand  volumes  and  over  three  thousand  pamphlets, 


94  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

and  subscribes  to  seventy  of  the  current  medical  journals.  The 
assistant  librarian,  Mrs.  Myers,  will  gladly  explain  to  visitors  the 
various  excellent  card  catalogues  of  cases,  and  will  give  any  in- 
formation as  to  details  of  the  administration  of  a  hospital  li- 
brary. On  either  side  of  the  library,  on  this  floor  and  on  that 
above,  open  the  old  wards ;  those  in  the  east  wing  being  medi- 
cal, those  in  the  west  wing  surgical. 

After  leaving  the  library,  one  should  ascend  two  more  flights 
of  stairs,  until  he  reaches  the  little  amjihitheatre  under  the 
dome.  The  construction  and  isolation  of  this  room  was  planned, 
so  it  is  said,  to  prevent,  as  far  as  possible,  the  cries  of  those 
undergoing  operations  in  pre-anaesthesia  days  from  being 
heard  by  other  patients.  The  room  is  much  the  same  as  it  was 
on  the  day  which  made  it  famous,  and  is  now  used  for  clinical 
lectures  to  nurses  and  medical  students.  In  the  two  glass  cases 
are  preserved  the  sponges  and  apparatus  first  used  in  giving 
ether,  together  with  countless  surgical  instruments  of  antique 
design  used  by  the  early  surgeons  of  the  hospital.  Over  these 
cases  hangs  a  fine  oil  painting  of  Dr.  John  C.  Warren,  who  per- 
formed the  first  operation  in  which  ether  was  used. 

Descending  now  to  the  ground  floor,  and  continuing  along 
the  tortuous  corridor,  one  soon  comes  to  a  large  tiled  hallway, 
through  which  one  passes  to  the  newer  portions  of  the  hos- 
pital. Turning  sharply  to  the  right,  one  leaves  the  building, 
crosses  the  driveway  and  enters  the  pathological  laboratory. 
The  latter  is  large  and  sunny,  and  complete  in  all  its  details. 
Its  director,  Dr.  James  H.  Wright,  or  the  assistant  pathologist, 
Dr.  Oscar  Richardson,  will  show  to  visiting  ptrysicians  the  dif- 
ferent rooms  of  the  pathological  laboratory,  the  animal  room, 
the  chemical  laboratory,  the  morgue  and  the  autopsy  room. 
The  laboratories  were  established  in  1896,  while  the  morgue 
and  autopsy  rooms — together  known  as  "The  Allen  Street 
House"  — date  from  1875. 

In  this  same  building  is  the  engine  and  dynamo  room,  from 
which  all  the  heating  and  lighting  is  furnished,  not  only  to  the 
hospital,  but  also  to  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear 
Infirmary. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  95 

Leaving  the  laboratory  building  and  returning  to  the  tiled 
hallway,  the  visitor,  if  he  desires,  may  inspect  the  so-called 
Service  Building,  the  doors  of  which  open  on  the  right.  Herein 
are  contained  the  storerooms  for  hospital  provisions  and  supplies 
of  all  sorts;  the  apothecary  department  and  X-ray  room;  the 
house  officers',  nurses',  orderlies'  and  servants'  dining-rooms, 
and  the  kitchens  and  sleeping  quarters  for  the  maids.  Miss 
Clark,  the  matron,  is  prepared  to  conduct  visitors  through  this 
building. 

One  now  should  go  down  the  corridor  to  the  new  surgical 
amphitheatre,  opened  in  1901.  To  the  right  as  one  enters,  one 
sees  the  Laboratory  of  Surgical  Pathology,  and  opposite,  two 
rooms  used  by  the  house  officers  and  nurses,  respectively,  in 
preparing  themselves  for  operations.  Beyond  these  are  four 
smaller  rooms,  three  being  the  etherizing  rooms,  one  for  each 
surgical  service,  and  one  being  a  dark  room  for  cystoscopy  and 
the  like.  Beyond  these  there  opens  a  wide  marble  corridor,  out 
of  which  opens  the  large  main  amphitheatre  containing  a  fine 
bronze  bust  of  the  late  Dr.  Henry  J.  Bigelow,  the  hospital's 
deity.  Dr.  Bigelow' s  name  is  familiar  to  the  profession  through- 
out the  world  for  his  development  of  the  art  of  litholapaxy  and 
of  the  instruments  for  its  performance,  for  his  anatomical  stud- 
ies of  the  hip  joint,  and  for  his  method  of  reduction  by  mani- 
pulation of  dislocations  of  the  hip.  From  this  corridor  open  also 
the  surgeons'  consulting  and  dressing  rooms,  the  separate  oper- 
ating rooms  of  the  three  surgical  services  and  another  larger 
room  for  septic  cases,  and  an  instrument  and  sterilizing  room. 
On  Saturdays  the  large  amphitheatre  is  open  to  the  public, 
and  all  operating  is  done  there.  On  other  days  operations  are 
performed  and  may  be  witnessed  in  the  small  operating  rooms. 
After  leaving  the  Surgical  Building,  the  visitor  may  care  to 
continue  along  the  corridor  to  see  the  different  surgical  wards, 
six  in  all,  built  mostly  in  the  '70's. 

Ward  E  contains  a  fine  little  operating  room,  where  only  clean 
abdominal  cases  are  done.  Back  of  this  ward  may  be  seen  the 
Thayer  Building,  where  the  nurses,  over  a  hundred  in  all,  are 
quartered.  The  Training  School  for  Nurses  has  existed  since  1 873, 


96 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


and  offers  a  three-years'  course,  embracing  practical  instruc- 
tion in  general,  medical  and  surgical  work. 

We  will  now  return  to  the  large  hallway  which  we  first  en- 
tered, and  thence  go  down  the  incline  to  the  Accident  Ward, 
comprising  a  series  of  rooms,  each  for  special  cases,  and  well 
equipped  for  its  work.  The  stairway  near  by  leads  to  hallowed 
precincts,  namely,  the  house  officers'  "flat." 

Just  beyond  the  stairs  on  the  left  is  the  entrance  to  the 
Zander  Roojn.  This  occupies  the  former  old  Bigelow  operating 
theatre,  opened  in  1868.  The  Zander  apparatus  for  medico- 


ZANDER  ROOM 
IN  THE  MASSACHUSETTS  GENERAL  HOSPITAL 

mechanical  therapeutics  was  imported  from  Sweden,  and  the 
room  was  opened  to  patients  in  July,  1904.  It  is  the  only  one 
of  its  kind  in  the  city,  and  one  of  the  few  in  this  country.  A 
thorough  inspection  of  its  details  and  possibilities  will  be 
found  distinctly  worth  while.  Dr.  Max  Bohm,  the  director,  will 
explain  the  apparatus  to  visitors. 

Next  to  the  Zander  Room  is  the  Gay  Ward,  occupying  what 
was  formerly  the  out-patient  department.  The  ward  once  in- 
cluded the  floors  above,  the  latter  being  now  used  as  orderlies' 
quarters.  The  Gay  Ward  is  employed  as  a  relief  ward  when  others 
are  being  renovated. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  97 

One  now  continues  on  through  the  corridor,  and  turns  to 
the  right  into  a  long  passage.  This  passage  leads  to  the  ward, 
built  in  1903,  which  is  set  apart  for  skin,  nerve,  and  nose  and 
throat  cases.  From  this  long  corridor  the  visitor  now  turns  off 
to  the  left  and  enters  the  new  out-patient  building. 

The  floor  he  now  is  on  contains  a  large  amphitheatre  for 
clinical  lectures  to  students,  the  male  surgical  and  medical 
rooms  and  the  genito-urinary  rooms,  all  ample  and  well  adapted 
to  their  uses.  On  the  floor  above  are  the  women's  medical  and 
surgical  departments,  and  the  rooms  for  children's  diseases.  On 
the  third  floor  are  the  skin,  nerve,  nose  and  throat  departments, 
and  another  amphitheatre  for  students.  The  Massachusetts 
General  Hospital  has  never  had  a  gynecological  department, 
the  patients  afflicted  with  the  diseases  of  women  being  treated 
by  the  medical  or  surgical  services. 

After  a  careful  inspection  of  all  these  different  floors  one 
should  now  descend  to  the  basement,  where  he  will  find  the 
desks  of  the  admitting  physician  and  his  assistants,  the  ortho- 
pedic department,  the  out-patient  X-ray  room  and  the  record 
room.  The  latter  is  a  model  of  its  kind,  and  should  be  in- 
spected. 

The  hospital  also  maintains  a  Convalescent  Home  in  the  neigh- 
boring town  of  Waverley.  Situated  on  a  hill  within  the  grounds 
of  the  McLean  Hospital,  it  offers  a  splendid  opportunity  for 
the  speedy  recovery  of  patients  who  have  long  been  confined 
to  their  beds.  The  home  accommodates  about  thirty  patients, 
and  is  in  charge  of  a  matron,  a  nurse,  and  a  house  officer  from 
the  general  hospital. 

The  McLean  Hospital,  known  until  1892  as  the  McLean 
Asylum  for  the  Insane,  was  opened  to  patients  in  October, 
1818,  and  received  its  name  from  John  McLean,  who  be- 
queathed $100,000  to  the  institution.  Its  charter  is  the  same 
as  that  of  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital  and  it  is  under 
the  control  of  the  same  board  of  trustees.  The  annual  reports 
of  the  two  institutions  are  also  published  together.  From  its 
foundation  in  1818  to  1895  the  McLean  Hospital  was  located 
in  the  neighboring  town  of  Somerville  in  imposing  buildings, 


98  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

designed,  like  those  of  the  General  Hospital,  by  Charles  Bulfinch. 
In  1875  a  large  tract  of  land  situated  on  a  hill  in  the  town  of 
Waverley  was  purchased  for  the  use  of  the  hospital.  The  situa- 
tion is  one  of  great  beauty,  elevated  and  salubrious.  The 
estate  has  been  added  to  until  now  it  contains  about  two 
hundred  acres.  In  1895  the  hospital  was  moved  there  from 
Somerville,  and  comprised  eighteen  fine  buildings.  Since  then 
several  additions  have  been  built.  The  effect  of  individual 
residences  is  gained  by  choosing  sites  for  these  houses  at  dif- 
ferent levels  and  by  adopting  for  each  of  them  a  different 
style  of  architecture.  There  are  accommodations  for  nearly  two 
hundred  patients.  All  kinds  of  mental  diseases  are  treated, 
the  fine  situation,  skilled  care,  and  pleasant  surroundings  con- 
tributing greatly  to  the  chance  of  recovery.  In  1882  a  training 
school  for  nurses  was  organized;  this  is  open  to  men  and  wo- 
men, who  receive  training  in  general  nursing  with  special  re- 
ference to  the  care  of  mental  disease.  The  course  for  men  is 
two  years,  that  for  women  is  two  and  a  half  years. 

As  one  leaves  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital  by  way  of 
the  new  out-patient  department,  he  finds  himself  on  Fruit 
Street,  at  the  head  of  North  Grove  Street,  where  stands  the  old 
brick  building  which  from  1846  until  1883  was  occupied  by 


MASSACHUSETTS  GENERAL  HOSPITAL 
AND  HARVARD  MEDICAL  SCHOOL  IN  1852 

the  Harvard  Medical  School,  but  since  then  used  by  the  Harvard 
Dental  School.  The  Dental  School  was  founded  in  1867  by  the 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  99 

President  and  Fellows  of  Harvard  University.  Up  to  1883  it 
occupied  several  different  quarters  in  the  West  End.  The 
school  confers  the  degree  of  D.M.D.  after  a  three  years' 
course,  of  which  the  first  year  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  med- 
ical school.  The  staff  numbers  about  sixty.  Students  are  in- 
structed by  actual  work  on  patients,  of  which  over  six  thou- 
sand were  treated  during  1904-5  at  the  school  infirmary.  There 
are  ample  and  well  equipped  laboratories  and  lecture  rooms. 
In  the  near  future  the  school  is  to  occupy  larger  and  better 
quarters  on  land  adjoining  that  of  the  new  medical  school. 
Massachusetts  has  a  Board  of  Registration  in  Dentistry,  and 
it  is  necessary  to  pass  an  examination  by  the  board  before  per- 
mission to  practise  is  granted. 

Those  who  are  interested  may  now  go  down  North  Grove 
Street  a  few  steps  and  inspect  the  new  Morgue,  built  in  1903. 

Medical  Examiners.  Massachusetts  has  a  system  of  medical 
examiners  whose  duty  it  is  to  investigate  every  case  of  sup- 
posed death  by  violence.  Well  qualified  medical  men  are  ap- 
pointed by  the  Governor  and  Council  for  the  term  of  seven 
years.  Each  county  of  the  State  is  divided  into  districts,  and 
one  or  more  examiners  is  assigned  to  each  district.  Suffolk 
County,  in  which  Boston  is  situated,  has  two  medical  exami- 
ners and  an  associate  medical  examiner.  It  is  the  medical  ex- 
aminer's duty  to  view  every  body  supposed  to  have  come  to  a 
violent  death,  and  if  he  thinks  it  necessary  to  make  a  further 
investigation  he  makes  an  autopsy,  first  having  obtained  con- 
sent of  the  district  attorney.  The  North  Grove  Street  Morgue 
is  the  headquarters  of  the  northern  district  of  Suffolk  County, 
and  the  City  Hospital  Morgue  for  the  southern  district. 

The  medical  examiner  is  required  to  give  expert  testimony 
in  court  if  there  is  need,  and  he  has  to  make  an  annual  re- 
port to  the  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  of  the  records  of 
all  violent  deaths. 

It  may  interest  the  visitor  to  know  that  the  land  extending 
from  the  Dental  School  building  and  from  the  westerly  end 
of  the  old  building  of  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital  has 
all  been  filled  in  since  the  Dental  School  was  built.  The  best 


100 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


idea  of  the  extent  of  this  new-made  land  can  be  had  by  con- 
sulting the  map  of  old  Boston,  facing  page  2,  and  the  picture 
which  shows  the  old  Medical  School  and  the  Massachusetts 
General  Hospital  in  1852,  on  page  98. 

Returning  from  the  Morgue  to  Fruit  Street,  and  turning  to 
the  left,  one  comes  beyond  the  out-patient  department  of  the 
Massachusetts  General  Hospital  to  the  fine  new  building  of  the 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary.  This  institution 
owes  its  origin  to  Dr.  Edward  Reynolds  and  Dr.  John  Jeffries, 
who,  in  November,  1824,  opened  a  small  dispensary  in  an- 
other part  of  the  town,  for  gratuitous  treatment  of  the  poor 
afflicted  with  diseases  of  the  eye.  Two  years  later  the  success 
of  the  effort  was  so  great  that  the  dispensary  was  incorporated 
by  the  legislature  under  its  present  title.  After  two  temporary 

headquarters,  it 
removed,  in  1 8  5  0, 
to  the  building 
standing  at  the 
corner  of  Charles 
Street  and  Cam- 
bridge Street.  In 
1899  the  infirm- 
ary, having  out- 
grown its  old 
quarters,  moved 
to  its  present  fine 
eye  and  ear  infirmary  buildino-.  The  in- 

firmary receives  poor  patients  with  diseases  of  the  eye  and  ear; 
those  living  in  Massachusetts  being  admitted  free  unless  able 
to  pay  their  board.  Those  coming  from  other  states  are  charged 
six  dollars  per  week  for  their  board.  There  are  accommoda- 
tions for  160  patients. 

In  1905,  1,651  patients  were  treated  in  the  ophthalmic 
wards,  and  1,251  in  the  aural  wards.  In  the  out-patient  depart- 
ment, 32,417  new  patients  were  treated,  of  which  23,498  were 
ophthalmic,  and  8,919  were  aural  cases. 

In    addition    to    the   regular    wards,  there  is  the   Gardner 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  101 

Building,  used  solely  for  the  treatment  of  contagious  diseases 
of  the  eye.  In  this  building  308  cases  were  treated  in  1905. 
An  excellent  post-graduate  training  school,  for  nurses  who  are 
graduates  of  any  general  hospital  training  school,  is  main- 
tained. The  course  is  four  months,  and  includes  thorough  in- 
struction in  the  care  of  ophthalmic  and  aural  cases. 

Opposite  the  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary  is  the  Charlesbank,  a 
part  of  Boston's  park  system.  It  is  an  attractive  bit  of  ground, 
designed  for  the  poor  of  the  neighborhood,  and  contains  a 
gymnasium,  playgrounds  and  sand  gardens.  Turning  to  the 
right,  and  walking  along  Charles  Street  to  the  north,  past 
the  Charlesbank,  one  soon  comes  to  Leverett  Street.  Here 
stands  the  old  Craigie  Bridge  immortalized  in  Longfellow's 
poem,  "The  Bridge."  It  leads  to  East  Cambridge.  Here  the 
Charles  River  Basin  Commis- 
sion is  constructing  a  shut-off 
dam  which  is  to  convert  the 
river  above  this  point  into  a 
fresh-water  lake  with  a  perma- 
nent level.  Locks  are  being 
constructed  on  the  Boston  side, 
so  that  the  river  may  be  used 
for  commerce,  as  at  present. 
Work  was  begun  in  1904,  and  *; 
it  is  hoped  to  have  the  dam     women's  gymnasium,  charles- 

_  .       .  _  _  BANK 

and  locks  completed  in  1908. 

This  improvement  necessitates  carrying  all  the  sewers  which 
have  emptied  into  the  Charles  above  Craigie  Bridge  into  the 
intercepting  sewers,  and  the  total  expense  of  the  project  will 
be  very  great. 

On  the  corner  opposite  the  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary  stands 
the  County  Jail,  generally  known  as  the  Charles  Street  Jail. 

Walking  now  along  Charles  Street  to  the  south,  one  comes 
to  Cambridge  Street.  At  its  junction  begins  the  new  Cambridge 
Bridge,  begun  in  1900  and  not  yet  completed.  It  is  to  take  the 
place  of  the  old  West  Boston  Bridge.  It  is  constructed  of  steel 
arches,  joining  massive  granite  piers,  and  is  by  far  the  most 


102  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

beautiful  of  the  bridges  which  cross  the  Charles  River.  It  is  105 
feet  wide,  and  will  carry  elevated  and  surface  tracks,  besides 
roadways  and  sidewalks.  The  total  cost  is  to  be  $2,500,000. 
On  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Charles  and  Cambridge 
streets  stands  the  old  building  of  the  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary, 
now  an  unsightly  structure.  Next  to  it,  in  fact  adjoining  it,  on 
Charles  Street,  No.  164,  is  the  house  which  was  occupied  by 


Aim 

j^v 

f 

,1 

= 

NEW  CAMBRIDGE  BRIDGE 

Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  from  1859  to  1871.  It  was  here  that 
he  wrote  his  "Professor  at  the  Breakfast-Table,"  "Elsie 
Venner,"  "The  Guardian  Angel,"  and  a  number  of  his  best 
poems. 

No.  148  is  of  unusual  interest.  It  was  the  home  of  James 
T.  Fields,  the  publisher,  who  lived  there  until  his  death  in 
1881.  It  is  now  occupied  by  his  widow  and  Sarah  Orne  Jew- 
ett.  The  house  once  opened  its  doors  to  Thackeray  and  Dick- 
ens, and  their  famous  contemporaries.  The  library  is  one  of 
the  richest  in  this  country  in  original  manuscripts  (includ- 
ing that  of  "The  Scarlet  Letter")  and  first  editions.  Rare 
portraits,  engravings  and  autograph  letters  adorn  its  walls. 

No.  131  Charles  Street  deserves  a  word  of  comment,  as 
from  1871  to  1881  it  was  the  home  of  Thomas  Bailey  Aldrich, 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


103 


and  in  these  years  he  wrote  many  of  his  best  books,  and  be- 
gan his  editorship  of  the  "Atlantic  Monthly." 

Walking  along  Charles  Street,  one  comes  now,  successively, 
to  Revere,  Pinckney,  Mt.  Vernon  and  Chestnut  streets,  which 
cross  Charles  Street  and  lead  up  to  Beacon  Hill  on  the  one 
hand,  and  to  the  Charles  River  on  the  other  hand. 

Revere  and  Pinckney  streets,  once  fashionable  in  their  day, 
are  now  mostly  taken  up  with  boarding-houses.  It  is  worth 
one's  while  to  wander  up  and  down  Mt.  Vernon  Street,  as  it 
retains,  even  to-day,  much  of  the  old-fashioned  stateliness  for 
which  it  was  once  famous.  Here  one  may  see  many  fine  old 
residences,  erected  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century,  of 
sumptuous  design  and  eloquent  of  refined  luxury. 

Near  Charles  Street  one  comes  to  Louisburg  Square,  connect- 
ing Mount  Ver- 
non Street  with 
Pinckney  Street. 
This  square  re- 
calls in  many  ways 
a  bit  of  old  Lon- 
don, and  is  sup- 
posedly the  site 
of  Blackstone's 
Spring.  The  lat- 
ter point  is  in  dis- 
pute, however,  for 
there  were  many 
springs  in  this  locality;  but  it  is  interesting  to  know  that 
Boston's  first  settler,  William  Blackstone,  had  his  orchard  in 
this  region,  and  that  his  homestead  was  not  far  off  on  the 
slope  of  the  hill  which  faces  Boston  Common.  The  square  is 
surrounded  by  fine  dignified  houses,  of  which  No.  10  is  note- 
worthy as  having  been  the  home  of  Louisa  M.  Alcott. 

At  the  upper  corner  of  Pinckney  Street  and  Louisburg 
Square  is  the  "mother  house"  and  chapel  of  the  Sisters  of 
St.  Margaret  (Protestant  Episcopal),  who  conduct  a  private 
hospital  occupying  the  houses  at  No.  2  Louisburg  Square  and 


LOUISBURG  SQUARE 
and  st.  Margaret's  hospital 


104  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

No.  86  Mt.  Vernon  Street.  This  hospital  was  organized  in  1882. 
Under  their  auspices  there  is  also  maintained  St.  Monicas 
Home,  for  the  care  of  sick  colored  women.  Until  recently  it 
was  located  at  No.  45  Joy  Street,  but  now  occupies  more  attrac- 
tive quarters  on  Highland  Street,  Roxbury.  The  Sisters  of  St. 
Margaret  also  conducted  until  recently  the  Children  s  Island 
Sanitarium  on  Lowell  Island  in  Salem  Harbor.  This  is  reached 
by  boat  from  Marblehead.  It  was  opened  in  1886  through  the 
generosity  of  Mr.  F.  H.  Rindge  of  California.  It  is  especially 
adapted  for  children  with  chronic  diseases  and  those  convales- 
cing from  illness  or  surgical  operations.  Working-women  seek- 
ing rest  are  also  admitted  as  boarders.  The  hospital  is  now 
maintained  under  new  management.  This  sisterhood  also  has 
supervision  of  the  nursing  at  the  Children's  Hospital  on 
Huntington  Avenue. 

If  one  ascends  Mt.  Vernon  Street  to  the  top  of  the  hill,  he 
comes  to  the  arch  under  the  State  House  from  which  he 
started,  but  before  this  is  reached;  the  visitor  passes  Walnut 
Street^  and  is  urged  to  go  through  this  to  Chestnut  Street 
for  the  sake  of  seeing  a  quiet  bit  of  old  Boston.  Chestnut 
Street^  down  which  one  now  descends,  retains — perhaps 
more  than  any  other  street  in  this  section — its  old  prestige. 
Flanked  on  either  side  by  handsome  old  houses,  many  of  them 
former  homes  of  famous  men,  it  offers  a  pleasing  contrast  to 
those  portions  of  this  section  seen  in  the  first  part  of  our 
ramble.  On  Brimmer  Street,  at  the  foot  of  Mt.  Vernon  Street, 
is  the  Church  of  the  Advent,  one  of  the  chief  Protestant  Epis- 
copal churches  of  the  city. 


THE  NORTH  END 

THE  North  End,  the  aristocratic  court  end  of  colonial 
Boston,  and  rich  in  historic  interest,  is  to-day  wholly 
a  foreign  quarter  of  the  city.  Very  few  buildings  of 
historic  interest  remain,  and  we  can  see  only  where  they 
stood  and  try  to  imagine  what  they  and  their  occupants  were 
like.  It  is  difficult  now,  surrounded  by  a  motley  crowd  of  jab- 
bering foreigners,  to  picture  the  days  of  the  seventeenth  and 
eighteenth  centuries,  when  this  locality  was  the  social  centre 
of  the  Puritan  colony. 

Its  location  can  best  be  understood  by  a  study  of  the  map 
of  Boston  as  it  was  in  early  days  before  the  filling-in  of  the 
surrounding  waterways.  Standing  at  the  corner  of  Hanover  and 
Washington  streets,  we  see  the  former  street  running  northeast 
to  the  harbor  front,  the  way  to  Chelsea,  called  "  Winnisimmet 
Ferry,"  the  latter  due  north  to  the  water's  edge,  and  between 
the  two  a  wedge-shaped  area  which  comprises  >  most  of  the 
North  End. 

Below  Washington  Street  on  Hanover  is  Union  Street,  and 
here  are  two  historic  sites.  The  Green  Dragon  Tavern,  famous 
throughout  the  early  history  of  the  colony,  was  located  just 
back  of  Union  Street  in  an  alley.  Its  site  (now  No.  82  Union 
Street)  is  marked  by  an  effigy  of  a  green  dragon,  set  on  a 
brown  stone  slab  about  halfway  up  the  front  wall  of  an  old 
building.  It  was  the  chief  meeting-place  of  the  early  patriots, 
where  much  "treason"  was  hatched.  Its  existence  dates  from 
1680  until  about  the  twenties  of  the  nineteenth  century,  when 
the  Green  Dragon  Lane  was  widened  to  form  the  present 
Union  Street. 

A  second  site  of  interest,  on  the  southwest  corner  of  Union 
and  Hanover  streets,  is  Josiah  Franklin  s  dwelling  and  chandlery 
shop,  at "  The  Sign  of  the  Blue  Ball,"  where  Benjamin  Franklin 
lived  as  a  boy  and  worked  for  his  father  as  a  candlemaker.  This 
was  removed  in  the  widening  of  Hanover  Street. 

A  few  steps  up  Union  Street  is  Marshall's  Lane,  now  known 


106 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


as  Marshall  Street,  one  of  Boston's  curious  short  streets.  From 
Marshall's  Lane  there  is  another  small  street,  Creek  Lane,  now 
called  Creek  Square,  which  in  early  days  led  to  the  Mill  Creek. 
Here,  set  into  the  base  of  a  building,  is  a  rough  piece  of  granite, 
marked  Boston  Sto?ie,  1737,  surmounted  by  a  spherical  stone. 
This  stone  served  as  a  direction  for  the  neighboring  shops,  and 
was  the  relic  of  a  paint  mill  brought  out  from  England  about 
1700  (see  illustration,  page  5).  On  the  corner  opposite  is  an  an- 
cient building,  where  was  the  office  of  Ebenezer  Hancock,  de- 
puty paymaster  in  the  Continental  Army. 

From  the  left  side  of  Hanover  Street,  just  below  Blackstone, 
is  Salem  Street,  narrow  and  winding,  and  peopled  almost  en- 
tirely by  Russian  Jews.  It 
was  the  aristocratic  street 
of  the  early  colonial  days. 
At  the  corner  of  Still- 
man  Street  was  the  site  of 
the  first  Baptist  meeting- 
house, erected  in  1679  on 
the  border  of  the  Mill 
Pond.  The  present  First 
Baptist  Church  is  located 
at  the  corner  of  Common- 
wealth Avenue  and  Clar- 
endon Street.  The  Baptists 
were  a  proscribed  sect  in 
the  early  days  and  severely 
persecuted,  their  meeting-house  being  closed  and  its  windows 
and  doors  nailed  up  by  order  of  the  General  Court.  Farther 
down  Salem  Street  is  Prince  Street  (in  part  old  Black  Horse 
Lane),  which  was  the  direct  way  from  the  North  End  to  the 
Charlestown  Ferry,  where  now  is  the  Charlestown  Bridge.  After 
the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  many  of  the  British  Avounded  were 
brought  to  Prince  Street  houses,  which  were  converted  into 
emergency  hospitals.  One  of  these  houses,  still  standing,  the 
Stoddard  house,  No.  130,  at  present  an  Italian  tenement  and 
butcher  shop,  is  said  to  be  the  house  in  which  Major  Pitcairn 


RELIEF  STATION 
OF  THE  BOSTON  CITV  HOSPITAL 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


107 


died  of  his  wounds.  On  the  westerly  corner  of  Prince  and  Mar- 
garet streets  is  the  house  where  John  Tileston  lived, the  popular 
master  of  the  oldest  North  End  school,  the  predecessor  of  the 
Eliot  Grammar  school  in  North  Bennet  Street. 

Farther  down  Prince  Street  is  Christ  Church,  and  in  very- 
close  proximity  is  Copp's  Hill 
Burying-Ground.  These,  the 
chief  historical  landmarks  of 
the  North  End,  are  dear  to 
the  hearts  of  all  true  Ameri- 
cans. Christ  Church,  known 
throughout  our  land  as  the 
church  from  whose  steeple 
the  lanterns  were  displayed  as 
a  signal  to  Paul  Revere  of  the 
British  movements,  —  "One  if 
by  land,  and  two  if  by  sea," 
—  faces  Hull  Street.  It  is  the 
oldest  church  building  in  Bos- 
ton, having  been  erected  in 
1723.  It  was  solidly  built,  its 
side  walls  being  two  and  a  half 
feet  thick.  There  are  four 
floors  to  the  tower,  and  from 
the  top  one  General  Gage  wit- 
nessed the  battle  of  Bunker 
Hill  and  the  burning  of 
Charlestown.  There  are  eight 
bells  in  the  tower,  brought 
over  from  Gloucester,  England, 
in  1744,  and  these  ring  out 
the  most  melodious  chimes  in 
Boston  to-day.  The  first  spire  was  blown  down  in  October,  1 805, 
but  was  rebuilt  exactly  as  the  original  from  a  model  by  Bulfinch. 
On  the  front  of  the  steeple  is  this  inscription,  cut  into  brown 
stone:  "The  original  lanterns  of  Paul  Revere  displayed  in  the 
steeple  of  this  church,  April  18,  1775,  warned  the  country  of  the 


Soule  Art  Co.,  Photo. 

CHRIST  CHURCH 


108  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

march  of  the  British  troops  to  Lexington  and  Concord."  The  in- 
terior of  the  church  is  but  little  altered.  In  front  of  the  organ  are 
figures  of  the  cherubim.  These,  and  the  brass  chandeliers,  were 
captured  from  a  French  ship  and  presented  to  the  church  in 
1758.  The  old  prayer  books  are  still  in  use,  and  the  silver 
communion  service  includes  several  pieces  presented  by  King 
George  II  in  1733.  The  clock  below  the  rail  has  been  in  its  place 
since  1746.  The  earliest  monument  to  Washington,  a  bust  by 
Houdon,  is  here.  Beneath  the  tower  are  a  few  old  tombs,  in  one 
of  which  the  body  of  Major  Pitcairn  was  temporarily  laid.  The 
sexton,  living  in  an  adjoining  house,  shows  visitors  over  the  church. 
Fee,  twenty-five  cents. 

To  the  south  of  the  church,  at  the  corner  of  Sheafe  Street, 
was  the  home  of  Robert  Newman,  the  sexton  of  Christ  Church 
who  hung  the  lanterns,  and  near  by,  on  Sheafe  Street,  is  the 
site  of  the  birthplace  of  Rev.  Samuel  F.  Smith,  the  author  of 
"America."  Directly  opposite  the  church  is  Hull  Street,  named 
for  John  Hull,  maker  of  pine-tree  shillings.  This  street  was  cut 
through  his  pasture  lands  in  1701.  The  last  relic  of  early  days, 
an  old  house  which  stood  edgewise  to  the  street,  the  Gallop 
house,  built  in  1722,  and  Gage's  staff  headquarters  during  the 
battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  was  torn  down  only  a  few  months  ago. 
Gallop's  Island,  in  Boston  Harbor,  was  named  after  the  owner 
of  this  house,  and  is  the  site  of  the  present  quarantine  hospi- 
tal of  Boston. 

Copp's  Hill  Burying-Ground,  on  Hull  Street,  is  one  of  the 
most  interesting  of  the  old  cemeteries  of  the  city.  The  North 
Burial-Ground,  the  earliest  of  four  predecessors  on  this  site, 
was  established  in  1660,  at  the  same  time  as  the  Granary 
Burying-Ground.  A  visit  here  will  well  repay  the  visitor.  The 
British  soldiers  took  great  pleasure  in  pistol  practice  in  this 
burying-ground,  and  many  of  the  gravestones  show  the  effects 
of  bullets.  A  few  of  the  noted  graves  may  be  mentioned, — 
those  of  the  three  Mathers;  Edmund  Hartt,  the  builder  of  the 
frigate  Constitution;  Major  Samuel  Shaw,  of  revolutionary 
fame,  and  the  Hutchinsons.  The  top  of  the  hill,  which  was 
towards  the  wTaterside,  has  been  levelled.   It  was  from  this 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  109 

elevation  that  the  shell  was  thrown  which  set  fire  to  Charles- 
town. 

Leaving  the  burying-ground  and  crossing  Salem  Street, 
through  Tileston,  we  come  to  Hanover  again  close  by  North 
Square.  Although  now  a  poor  squalid  Italian  tenement  district, 
the  square  was  once  the  central  point  of  the  North  End  in  its 
most  aristocratic  days,  when  shade  trees  and  stately  mansions 
were  in  evidence.  A  little  low  wooden  house  on  North  Street,  off 
the  square,  is  the  only  present  reminder  of  the  early  years.  It  is 
the  house  marked  as  the  home  of  Paul  Revere,  in  which  he 
lived  from  1770  to  1800.  This  house  was  built  soon  after  the 
great  fire  of  1676",  on  the  site  of  Increase  Mather's  house,  which 
was  destroyed  in  this  conflagration.  In  the  upper  windows  of 
this  house  on  the  evening  of  the  Boston  Massacre,  Paul  Revere 
displayed  "those  awful  pictures"  which  report  says  "struck  the 
spectators  with  solemn  silence,  while  their  countenances  were 
covered  with  a  melancholy  gloom."  An  effort  is  being  made  to 
preserve  this  house  by  purchase. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  square  is  the  site  of  the  Old  North 
Church,  destroyed  by  the  British  during  the  siege  of  Boston, 
and  used  by  them  for  firewood.  It  was  the  second  meeting- 
house of  the  Second  Church  in  Boston,  founded  in  1649.  The 
first  edifice  was  burned  in  the  fire  of  1676.  It  was  known  as  the 
"Church  of  the  Mathers,"  because  presided  over  successively 
by  Increase,  Cotton  and  Samuel,  —  father,  son  and  grandson. 

Close  to  the  church,  in  Garden  Court  Street,  was  the  man- 
sion of  Governor  Thomas  Hutchinson,  —  a  stately  colonial 
mansion  on  extensive  grounds.  Close  to  the  Hutchinson  estate 
was  the  Clark- Frankland  mansion,  well  known  through  Edwin 
Lasseter  Bynner's  "Agnes  Surriage."  In  the  widening  of  the 
present  street,  about  1830,  most  of  these  houses  were  torn 
down.  North  Square  was  used  by  the  British  as  a  military 
headquarters  throughout  the  siege  of  Boston,  the  officers  en- 
joying the  houses  of  the  good  Bostonians,  while  barracks  were 
erected  for  the  soldiers. 

To  return  to  Hanover  Street  again  we  come  to  Battery 
Street,  and  through  this  to  Commercial  Street  and  its  continu- 


110  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

ation  southward,  Atlantic  Avenue.  Here  were  located  ship- 
yards, extending  well  along  the  water-front,  even  to  the  foot 
of  Copp's  Hill.  Famous  ships  were  launched  from  these  yards, 
— the  pride  of  the  navy,  "Old  Ironsides,"  the  frigate  Boston 
and  the  brig  Argus.  Present  Constitution  Wharf  marked  the 
site  of  Hartt's  Shipbuilding  Yard,  where  the  Constitution 
("Old  Ironsides")  was  built. 

Before  we  leave  this  interesting  locality,  so  fragrant  with 
memories  of  the  early  days,  we  must  consider  the  Boston  Float- 
ing Hospital.  This  hospital  cares  for  sick  infants  and  young 
children  during  the  summer  months,  and  has  a  day  and  also  a 
permanent  service.  Parents  or  older  children  may  accompany 
an  infant.  The  work  started  in  1894  from  the  efforts  of  the  Rev. 

Rufus  B.  Tobey.  It  is  the 
>  second  floating  hospital  in 

this  country,  New  York 
having  the  first.  The  boat, 
with  its  load  of  sick  in- 
fants and  anxious  parents, 
leaves  City  Wharf  every 
■BBBBRBk-'  "     . .  morning     at     nine,     and 

boston  floating  hospital  steams  out  into  the  lower 

harbor  and  bay.  The  poor,  sick,  air-starved  babies  feel  the 
strengthening  breezes  of  the  bay,  color  returns,  digestion  im- 
proves with  appetite,  and  on  leaving  the  boat  at  5  p.m.,  mother 
and  infant  are  equipped  with  a  fresh  start  against  the  evil  forces 
of  the  city's  summer  night.  The  very  sick  babies  are  kept 
permanently,  the  boat  tying  up  at  Pickert's  Wharf,  in  East 
Boston,  for  the  nights  and  Sundays. 

A  new  boat  is  to  be  in  commission  this  summer.  It  is  170 
feet  in  length,  and  4-6J  feet  beam,  and  has  four  decks.  The 
lowest  deck  is  for  machinery,  including  a  refrigerating  and  ven- 
tilating plant,  and  apparatus  to  reduce  the  moisture  in  the  air  to 
a  relative  humidity  of  50°.  The  next  deck  is  for  the  dining-rooms 
and  staterooms.  The  main  deck  is  the  permanent  hospital  deck, 
and  the  upper  deck  will  accommodate  200  day-patients.  The  re- 
cord of  patients  cared  for  in  the  summer  of  1905  was:  perma- 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  111 

nent  patients,  279;  day  patients  (new  cases),  686,  —  total  num- 
ber of  patients  on  all  trips,  2,374. 

Harbor  Hospitals 
Quarantine.  With  the  salt  sea-breezes  in  our  nostrils,  and  a  de- 
sire to  become  acquainted  with  some  of  our  medical  institu- 
tions, let  us  board  the  good  boat  Monitor  at  Eastern  Ave- 
nue Wharf  at  2.15  p.m.,  and  steam  about  the  harbor.  As  we 
pick  our  way  among  the  ferryboats  and  saucy,  busily  puffing 
tugs,  avoiding  here  and  there  a  mighty  leviathan  of  the  deep, 
or  many-masted  vessel  for  the  coasting  trade,  or  trim  fishing- 
schooner  out  of  Gloucester,  smothered  under  a  cloud  of  can- 
vas, we  may  see  our  city  from  the  waterside,  and  with  the 
story  of  its  early  days  fresh  in  our  minds,  marvel  at  the  won- 
ders wrought  by  Father  Time  in  producing  from  the  peaceful 
water-surrounded  Shawmutt  the  present  great  metropolis  of 
New  England,  our  Boston. 

The  many  dredging-machines  noticed  are  engaged  under  an 
act  of  Congress  in  widening  and  deepening  the  channel,  to  ac- 
commodate the  great  vessels  engaged  in  our  growing  commerce. 

Our  first  stopping-place  is  Deer  Island,  where  is  located  the 
House  of  Correction,  enclosing  within  its  grim  walls  a  colony 
of  some  fifteen  hundred  more  or  less  lawless  people,  male  and 
female.  The  adjoining  hospital  of  one  hundred  beds  gives  ample 
and  skilled  service  to  the  prisoners.  The  same  hospital  curi- 
ously serves  as  a  detention  hospital  for  observation  as  to  the 
mental  condition  of  unfortunates  not  necessarily  prisoners. 
During  the  past  year  372  patients  were  detained  for  such  ob- 
servation. Farther  down  the  harbor,  near  the  great  Boston 
Light,  is  the  Quarantine  Hospital,  on  Gallop's  Island.  The  Port 
Physician  has  his  headquarters  here,  and  the  buildings  scat- 
tered over  the  island  are  for  those  afflicted  with  contagious 
diseases  found  aboard  vessels  entering  the  harbor.  One  hundred 
and  eleven  such  cases  were  quarantined  here  last  year,  includ- 
ing three  lepers.  During  the  year  86,525  people  were  examined 
aboard  incoming  craft,  and  thirty-six  vessels  were  disinfected. 

Returning  towards  the  city  by  the  southerly  side  of  the  har- 


112  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

bor,  we  come  to  Long  Island,  with  its  hospital  and  almshouse 
under  the  management  of  the  Pauper  Institutions  Department. 
The  hospital  supports  265  beds,  caring  mostly  for  chronic  and 
incurable  diseases.  A  bar  to  its  best  efficiency  is,  that  every  ap- 
plicant for  admission  must,  at  least  technically,  become  a 
pauper.  An  important  service  to  the  community  as  well  as  to 
the  patients  is  rendered  by  the  efficient  care  of  cases  of  tubercu- 
losis, incipient  and  advanced.  During  the  year  some  277  pa- 
tients with  pulmonary  tuberculosis  were  treated  here  with  most 
gratifying  results. 

Our  last  stop  is  at  Rainsford  Island.  Here  is  the  House  of  Re- 
formation, with  its  hospital  for  the  sick  children  of  the  settle- 
ment. During  the  past  year  453  children  were  treated,  178  be- 
ing classed  as  hospital  patients. 

All  these  institutions  have  resident  physicians  or  house  offi- 
cers, and  in  addition  a  visiting  staff  made  up  from  among  the 
leading  physicians  of  Boston. 

If  time  serves,  the  captain  of  our  steamer  may  land  us  at 
Moon  Island,  where  are  situated  the  storage  basins  and  the 
outfall  of  the  great  southern  intercepting  sewer  of  the  Metro- 
politan Sewerage  System.  This  sewer  drains  the  valleys  of  the 
Charles  and  Neponset  rivers;  the  northern  sewer,  serving  the 
towns  of  the  Mystic  valley,  discharges  at  Deer  Island.  The 
southern  sewer  was  begun  in  1876,  and  has  a  finely  appointed 
pumping  station,  at  the  Cow  Pasture  Point  in  Dorchester,  that 
will  well  repay  a  visit. 

Once  more  we  board  the  Monitor,  and  arrive  at  the  Eastern 
Avenue  Wharf  at  5.20  p.  m.,  just  as  the  sun  is  bathing  in  golden 
light  the  western  half  of  the  Gilded  Dome. 


CHARLESTOWN 

CHARLESTOWN  is  most  easily  and  speedily  reached 
by  the  "L"  trains  running  to  Sullivan  Square.  After 
leaving  the  North  Station  (see  North  End)  the  trains 
cross  the  new  Charlestown  Bridge,  which  was  completed  in 
1900  by  the  City  of  Boston,  costing  $1,400,000.  Across  the 
stream,  in  Charlestown,  to  the  right,  may  be  seen  the  docks 
of  several  lines  of  trans- Atlantic  steamers. 

The  few  points  of  interest  worth  seeing  in  Charlestown  can 
be  easily  reached  by  walking  from  the  Thompson  Square  sta- 
tion of  the  Elevated  Railroad.  Harvard  men  may  be  interested 
to  visit  the  old  burying-ground  on  Phipps  Street  near  by.  In 
this  cemetery  is  a  monument  to  Harvard's  founder,  John  Har- 
vard, erected  by  several  of  the  alumni  in  1828.  On  Main  Street, 
near  Thompson  Square,  is  the  house  in  which  Morse,  the  in- 
ventor of  the  electric  telegraph,  was  born  in  1791- 

Walking  back  to  City  Square  one  finds  himself  in  the  part 
which  was  first  settled  in  1629.  On  the  west  side  of  the  square 
stood  the  governor's  house,  where  in  1630  the  Court  of  As- 
sistants decided  on  the  name  of  the  adjacent  town  of  Boston. 

On  the  slope  of  the  hill  rising  behind  the  present  Public 
Library,  in  early  days  called  Town  Hill,  was  the  lot  owned  by 
John  Harvard,  and  on  it  stood  his  house  near  where  Main 
Street  now  begins.  At  the  foot  of  the  hill,  at  the  northern  end 
of  the  square,  there  once  existed  a  cemetery,  and  here  it  is 
supposed  was  John  Harvard's  grave,  but  all  trace  of  it  has 
been  lost. 

One  now  goes  down  Water  Street  to  the  corner  of  Wapping, 
where  stands  the  main  entrance  to  the  Charlestown  Navy  Yard. 
Visitors  are  admitted  daily  by  passes  obtained  at  the  main  gate. 
The  Navy  Yard,  ninety  acres  in  extent,  occupies  Moulton's 
Point,  where  the  British  troops  landed  before  the  battle  of 
Bunker  Hill. 

The  Yard  contains  many  features  of  interest,  —  among  them 
the  famous  old  Constitution,  the  receiving-ship  Wabash,  a  large 


114 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


N.  L.  Stebbins,  Photo. 

THE  CONSTITUTION 


rope-walk,  a  naval  museum,  the  old  granite  dry  dock  and  the 
fine  new  concrete  diy  dock  completed  August  1,  1905,  at  an 

expense  of  over  a  million  dollars. 
It  took  six  years  to  build  it; 
it  is  700  feet  long  and  1 44  feet 
wide,  and  can  accommodate  the 
largest  vessel  afloat.  Marines  are 
in  readiness  to  explain  the  differ- 
ent sights,  and  the  visitor  is  made 
to  feel  quite  free  to  wander  at 
will. 

On  leaving  the  Navy  Yard, 
Bunker  Hill  Monument  will  be  the  next  objective  point,  and 
is  by  far  the  most  worth  while  of  the  city's  sights.  The  monu- 
ment stands  on  Breed's  Hill,  where  the  great  battle  was  fought. 
It  is  reached  by  returning  to  City  Square  and  walking  along 
Main  Street  until  one  comes  to  Monument  Avenue,  which  leads 
to  the  main  entrance  of  the  grounds. 

A  bronze  statue  of  Colonel  William  Prescott  attracts  imme- 
diate attention.  It  stands  about  on  the  site  where  the  gallant 
leader  stood  at  the  opening  of  the  battle.  The  monument  itself 
occupies  the  site  of  a  corner  of  the  American  fortifications.  It 
is  built  of  Quincy  granite  brought  from  a  quarry  in  the  town 
of  that  name  by  the  first  railroad  laid  in  this  country.  The 
monument  is  221  feet  high,  and 
SO  feet  square  at  the  base.  It  was 
begun  in  1825,  the  corner-stone 
being  laid  with  great  ceremony  by 
Lafayette,  while  Daniel  Webster 
delivered  the  oration.  After  a 
period  of  idleness  covering  nearly 
twenty  years,  the  efforts  of  public- 
spirited  American  women  raised 
funds  with  which  the  work  could 
be  carried  on.  The  monument  was 
completed  in  1842,  and  at  its  dedication  on  June  17,  1843, 
Webster  delivered  another  oration.  A  spiral  flight  of  295  stone 


N.  L.  Stebbins,  Photo. 

NEW  DRY  DOCK 
CHARLESTOWN  NAVY  YARD 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


115 


steps  leads  to  the  top  of  the 
structure,  whence  from  the  ob- 
servatory a  grand  and  far- 
reaching  view  is  obtained. 

Bunker  Hill  itself  is  north  of 
Breed's  Hill,  near  where  the 
Elevated  Railroad  ends,  and  its 
summit  is  called  Charlestown 
Heights. 

The  United  States  Naval 
Hospital  is  in  Chelsea,  just  be- 
yond the  Charlestown  Bridge. 
It  is  connected  with  the  Navy 
Yard  and  affords  care  and 
medical  treatment  to  sick  and 
disabled  men  of  the  naval  ser- 
vice. It  has  one  hundred  beds. 
Visitors  are  welcome. 

The  United  States  Marine 
Hospital  (1798)  is  on  High 
Street  in  Chelsea.  It  is  reached 

by  electric  cars  or  the  Chelsea  Ferry.  It  furnishes  medical  and 
surgical  relief  to  the  sick  and  disabled  of  the  American  mer- 
cantile marine.  It  has  one  hundred  and  fifty  beds  and  an  out- 
patient service.  Visiting  days,  Tuesdays  and  Fridays. 


BUNKER  HILL  MONUMENT 


EAST  BOSTON 

EAST  BOSTON,  across  the  Harbor,  comprising  two 
islands, — Noddle's  and  Breed's,  —  is  a  place  of  docks 
and  factories.  It  was  once  famous  for  its  shipyards, 
where  the  fleet  clipper-ships  were  built.  Many  of  the  trans- 
Atlantic  steamship  lines  have  their  wharves  here. 

On  Camp  Hill  is  the  site  of  the  house  of  Samuel  Maverick, 
the  earliest  settler,  and  later  the  site  of  a  fort. 

East  Boston  is  reached  most  conveniently  by  the  New  Tun- 
nel, which  is  entered  at  Scollay  Square,  and  extends  under 
Court  and  State  streets.  Where  it  crosses  Atlantic  Avenue 
there  is  a  station  which  has  elevators  to  take  passengers  to 
the  Elevated  Railway.  Under  the  harbor  the  top  of  the  lowest 
part  of  the  tunnel  is  sixty  feet  below  mean  low-water  mark, 
and  the  tunnel  is  nearly  level.  It  has  walls  of  concrete,  and 
is  23  feet  wide  and  20^  feet  high,  and  carries  two  electric  rail- 
way tracks.  The  total  length  of  the  tunnel,  from  Scollay 
Square  to  Maverick  Square  in  East  Boston,  is  7,500  feet. 


SOUTH  BOSTON 

SOUTH  BOSTON  is  a  large  residential  section,  and  is 
also  a  place  of  docks  and  factories.  The  extensive 
Commonwealth  Docks  on  the  harbor  side  are  well 
worth  inspecting,  as  also  Lawley's  Shipyard,  where  noted 
yachts  are  built. 

On  Dorchester  Heights  is  a  monument  commemorating  the 


■:■■ 

1  i 
I  1 

i    1    1    3 

i ;  §  i  § 

ill. 

§  1 1 

in 

if: 
3   1 
3    i 

,35WP 


'5  - 


PERKINS  INSTITUTION  FOR  THE  BLTND 

erection  of  the  American  fortifications  which  forced  the  British 
to  evacuate  Boston,  March  17,  1776. 

Beautifully  situated  on  the  hill  is  the  Perkins  Institution  for 
the  Blind,  founded  by  Samuel  G.  Howe  in  1829.  Not  far  away 
on  the  Heights,  commanding  an  extensive  view  of  the  harbor 
and  city,  is  the  Carney  Hospital.  It  was  founded  in  1863 
through  the  generosity  of  Andrew  Carney,  who  not  only  gave 
the  land,  but  an  endowment  of  $75,000.  It  is  managed  by  the 
Catholic  Sisters  of  Charity,  St.  Vincent  de  Paul.  During  the 
siege  of  Boston,  Washington  planted  his  cannon  on  this  very 
spot.  The  hospital  supports  two  hundred  beds,  with  services 


118 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


for  surgery,  gynecology,  medicine,  ophthalmology  and  ortho- 
pedics. The  gynecological  department,  with  its  separate  wards 
and  operating  room,  has  always  been  a  strong  branch  of  the  hos- 
pital. There  is  an  ex- 


Jt 

tensive  out-patient 

department,      well 

1  1             housed    in    a    new 

H      teg  building,  in  which 

I   were    treated    last 

I  year     1 6,1 69      pa- 
tients.   It    was    in 

B5B 

this    hospital    that 
i  the  late  Dr.  John 

Homans    first    de- 

§  monstrated  to  the 

CARNEY  HOSPITAL 

1  profession  in  New 
England    the    pos- 

Jfljl  sibility  of  operating 

2  successfully     upon 
ovarian  tumors. 

At  the  harbor  end  of  the  district  is  Marine  Park  of  the  Boston 
public  park  system,  a  favorite  recreation  ground  in  summer. 
Here  is  a  beautiful  boulevard  on  the  water's  edge.  A  long 
bridge  connects  Fort  Independence  (a  disused  government  for- 
tification ceded  to  the  city  for  park  purposes)  with  the  boule- 
vard, and  from  here  the  parkway  extends  along  Columbia  Road 
to  Franklin  Park  and  the  Blue  Hills.  The  statue  facing  the  har- 
bor is  of  Admiral  Farragut. 

At  the  foot  of  L  Street  is  a  public  bath,  open  the  year  round. 
Crowded  in  the  hot  days  with  men  and  bo}^s  enjoying  the 
pleasures  of  a  swim,  it  is  used  by  a  few  hardy  men  during 
our  coldest  days.  Photographs  exist  showing  one  foolish  man 
swimming  among  the  floating  ice  cakes. 


DORCHESTER 

RUNNING  southeast  from  the  Dudley  Street  Terminal 
of  the  Boston  Elevated  Railroad,  we  proceed  to  Dor- 
^  Chester,  along  Dudley  Street.  We  must  take  notice 
in  passing  of  the  buildings  of  the  Little  Sisters  of  the  Poor,  at 
the  beginning  of  Blue  Hill  Avenue,  where  once  was  the  home 
of  Enoch  Bartlett,  famous  for  his  Bartlett  pears. 

Dorchester  is  a  place  of  homes.  It  was  the  largest  town  in 
New  England  in  1634,  and  was  annexed  to  Boston  in  1838.  Its 
inhabitants  were  the  first  on 
the  New  England  coast  to  es- 
tablish fisheries.  Two  sites  are 
worth  mentioning, —  Meeting- 
House  Hilly  which  has  had  a 
church  on  its  summit  since 
1631,  and  the  Old  Burying- 
Ground  at  the  cornerof  Stough- 
ton  Street  and  Columbia  Road. 
Richard  Mather,  the  founder 
of  the  Mather  family,  lies  buried 
here,  and  William  Stoughton,  —-.. 
the  chief  justice  of  the  Salem 
witchcraft  trials.  Another  in- 
teresting landmark,  really  in  Dr.  m.  d.  Miihr,  photo. 
Roxbury,  but  close  to  Dorches-  first  parish  church 

.  .    .  i  <.,„      i.  MEETING-HOUSE  HILL 

ter,  is  at  the  corner  of  Washing- 
ton and  Eustis  Streets  —  the  Eliot  Burying-Ground,  where  are 
the  tombs  of  the  Dudleys  and  John  Eliot.  It  is  open  Saturday  and 
Sunday  afternoons. 

Before  leaving  Dorchester  mention  must  be  made  of  the 
medical  institutions.  On  Dorchester  Avenue,  near  the  Milton 
line,  is  the  Boston  Home  for  Incurables,  founded  in  1882.  It  is 
a  private  institution  of  fifty  beds,  devoted  to  the  care  of  the 
poor  afflicted  with  incurable  diseases.  On  Quincy  Street  is  an- 
other hospital  for  advanced  consumptives,  —  the  Free  Home  for 


1?> 

f^- 

_J«*« 

. 

ml 

I    I             * 

i!8i: 

120  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

Consumptives,  established  in  1892,  and  supporting  thirty  beds. 
On  Cushing  Avenue  is  St.  Marys  Infant  Asylum  and  Lying-in 
Hospital,  organized  in  1874  by  the  Sisters  of  Charity,  St.  Vincent 
de  Paul.  The  hospital  has  forty  beds. 


ROXBURY 

THE  Roxbury  District,  full  of  interest  historically,  is 
now,  as  in  earlier  years,  a  place  of  residences.  In  1630 
a  band  of  settlers  coming  over  with  Winthrop  took 
up  their  abode  here,  settling  near  the  present  Eliot  Square.  It 
was  called  Rocksbury  or  Rocksborough,  from  the  great  ledge  of 
rocks  running  through  it,  the  so-called  Roxbury  pudding-stone. 
One  recalls  the  legend  of  the  giant,  familiar  to  the  children 
of  Boston,  through  Dr.  Holmes's  poem: 

He  brought  them  a  pudding  stuffed  with  plums, 

As  big  as  the  State  House  dome; 
Quoth  he,  ee  There's  something  for  you  to  eat, 
So  stop  your  mouths  with  your  'lection  treat, 

And  wait  till  your  dad  comes  home." 


What  are  those  lone  ones  doing  now, 

The  wife  and  the  children  sad? 
0,  they  are  in  a  terrible  rout, 
Screaming  and  throwing  their  pudding  about, 

Acting  as  they  were  mad. 

They  flung  it  over  to  Roxbury  hills, 

They  flung  it  over  the  plain, 
And  all  over  Milton  and  Dorchester,  too, 
Great  lumps  of  pudding  the  giants  threw, 

They  tumbled  as  thick  as  rain. 

Giant  and  mammoth  have  passed  away, 

For  ages  have  floated  by; 
The  suet  is  hard  as  a  marrow  bone, 
And  every  plum  is  turned  to  a  stone, 

But  there  the  puddings  lie. 

In  1631  came  John  Eliot.  The  early  settlers  were  of  good  stock, 
educated  and  able.  On  the  hill  known  as  Meeting-House  Hill, 
now  Eliot  Square,  was  erected  in  1632  the  first  meeting-house. 
Its  roof  was  thatched  and  the  walls  unplastered;  there  were 
no  pews  or  spire,  but  about  it  centred  the  life  of  the  village. 


122 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


By  law  the  settlers  were  compelled  to  live  within  one  half  mile 
of  the  church  for  protection  against  the  Indians.  For  sixty 
years  John  Eliot  preached  here.  On  the  north  side  of  the  square 
is  still  standing  the  parsonage  built  by  the  Rev.  Olin  Peabody 
in  1750.  Here  was  Town  Street,  now  Roxbury  Street. 

An  interesting  landmark  is  St.  Lukes  Home  for  Convalescents, 
at  No.  149;  occupying  a  house  over  one  hundred  years  old.  This 
Home,  established  in  1872,  is  a  charity  supported  by  the  Epis- 
copal churches  of  Boston.  It 
gives  shelter  to  women  in  a 
convalescent  stage,  and  can 
accommodate  twenty-six  pa- 
tients. A  board  of  visiting  phy- 
sicians look  out  for  the  medical 
needs  of  the  inmates. 

On  the  south  side  of  the 
square  is  the  Norfolk  House,  at 
one  time  a  noted  hotel,  and 
south  of  this  is  the  site  of  the 
Roxbury  High  Fort  of  revolu- 
tionary interest.  Here  is  now  a 
landmark  in  the  nature  of  a 
tall  water  tower,  or  "Stand 
Pipe,"  painted  white,  built  in 
1869. 

On  the  westerly  side  of  the 
square,  near  Centre  Street,  is  the  Parting  Stone,  marked  The 
Parting  Stone,  171^,  P.  Dudley.  This  stone  marked  the  way  in 
one  direction  to  Cambridge  and  Watertown,  and  in  the  other 
to  Dedham  and  Rhode  Island. 

Taking  the  road  to  the  west,  toward  Brookline,  over  what 
is  now  Mission  Hill,  we  pass  the  Mission  Church,  built  by  the 
Redemptorist  Fathers  in  1869-  Farther  on  is  Huntington  Ave- 
nue, and  here  is  a  large  group  of  buildings, — the  House  of  the 
Good  Shepherd,  a  Catholic  institution  for  wayward  girls  and 
women.  Opposite  this  is  Parker  Hill,  or  "Great  Hill,"  as  it  was 
called,  from  the  summit  of  which  one  obtains  a  glorious  view 


Dr.  M.  D.  Miller,  Photo. 

PARTING  STONE,  ROXBURY 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  123 

of  Boston  and  the  harbor.  On  the  top  of  the  hill  lived  the 
worthy  John  Parker. 

There  are  two  semi-public  hospitals  located  at  present  upon 
the  hill, —  the  Women  s  Charity  Club  Hospital,  of  twenty-eight 
beds,  and,  nearer  the  summit,  the  New  England  Baptist  Hospi- 
tal, of  twenty-seven  beds  and  seven  tents.  In  the  restful  quiet 
of  the  hill,  yet  so  near  the  busy  city,  the  patients  enjoy  the  ad- 
vantages of  both  country  and  city.  Just  beyond,  in  a  large  va- 
cant estate,  is  the  Day  Hospital  for  Consumptives,  managed  by 
the  Boston  Association  for  the  Relief  and  Control  of  Tuberculo- 
sis. In  the  warm  weather  patients  come  from  the  city,  mounting 
the  hill  in  carriages,  and  enjoy  the  cool  dustless  breezes  and 
generous  diet  provided.  The  experience  of  its  first  year  has  de- 
monstrated its  worth.  This  leads  us  to  consider  the 

Provisions  for  Tuberculosis  in  Boston  and  Massachusetts 

The  Boston  Association  for  the  Relief  and  Control  of  Tubercu- 
losis has  rooms  at  No.  8  Beacon  Street.  It  is  a  voluntary  associa- 
tion of  physicians  and  laymen  devoting  its  energies  to  the  edu- 
cation of  the  public  as  to  the  character  of  tuberculosis,  by  means 
of  lectures,  leaflets,  and  exhibits.  It  also  maintains  a  nurse,  who 
visits  among  the  consumptive  poor,  instructing  them  in  pro- 
phylactic measures.  It  agitates  for  segregation  of  consumption 
in  institutions  and  for  increased  provision  for  early  and  ad- 
vanced cases. 

The  Boston  Board  of  Health,  Old  Court  House,  Court  Square, 
makes  free  bacteriological  examinations  of  sputum,  requires 
that  tuberculosis  be  reported  by  attending  physicians,  makes 
sanitary  inspection  of  the  home  when  a  case  is  reported,  com- 
pels hospital  care  if  conditions  are  bad  in  the  home,  and  disin- 
fects after  a  death  or  removal. 

The  Massachusetts  State  Sanatorium,  Rutland,  Massachusetts, 
is  fifty  miles  from  Boston,  on  the  Boston  and  Maine  Railroad; 
station  Muschopauge.  The  sanatorium  was  opened  in  1898,  be- 
ing the  first  state  institution  of  its  kind  in  America.  Its  capacity 
is  365  patients.  The  medical  staff  consists  of  two  visiting  physi- 
cians from  Boston  and  three  resident  assistants.  Patients  in 


124  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

the  earliest  stages  of  pulmonary  tuberculosis  are  treated.  The 
cost  per  patient  per  week  in  1905  was  $8.83,  of  which  the  pa- 
tient was  required  to  pay  $4. 

Hospitals  for  Advanced  Consumptives.  The  City  of  Boston  has 
appropriated  $150,000  to  begin  the  erection  of  a  hospital  for 
advanced  consumptives,  the  trustees  of  this  new  department 
taking  office  May  1,  1906. 

Private  charitable  hospitals  for  the  care  of  consumptives  are 
as  follows :  the  House  of  the  Good  Samaritan,  corner  of  Francis 
and  Binney  streets,  Longwood;  the  Free  Home  for  Consumptives, 
No.  438  Quincy  Street,  Dorchester;  the  Cullis  Home,  Blue  Hill 
Avenue,  Dorchester;  the  Charming  Home,  No.  30  McLean  Street, 
and  the  Sharon  Sanatorium  at  Sharon. 

The  insane  are  cared  for  at  the  Danvers  Insane  Hospital,  at 
Danvers,  the  prisoners  at  Deer  Island,  Boston  Harbor,  and  the 
paupers  at  the  Almshouse  and  Hospital  on  Long  Island,  Boston 
Harbor,  and  the  State  Hospital  at  Tewksbury.  At  Tewksbury  a 
separate  hospital  and  two  outdoor  sleeping  shacks  accommo- 
dated 148  male  consumptives  in  the  winter  of  1905-6.  A  build- 
ing for  women  is  in  process  of  erection. 

Separate  Treatment  of  the  Tuherculous  among  Public  Dependents. 
The  state  is  building  a  separate  prison  for  consumptives  in  the 
town  of  Rutland. 

The  Sharon  Sanatorium  for  cases  of  incipient  pulmonary  dis- 
eases is  at  Sharon,  Massachusetts,  eighteen  miles  from  Boston, 
on  the  Providence  Division  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  and 
Hartford  Railroad.  Capacity,  twenty-one  beds.  It  was  first 
opened  for  patients  February  9,  1891^  and  was  founded  by  Dr. 
Vincent  Y.  Bowditch  on  the  principles  laid  down  in  Germany 
by  Brehmer  at  Goerbersdorf,  and  by  Dettweiler  at  Falken- 
stein,  and  in  America  by  Trudeau  at  Saranac  Lake,  New  York. 
It  was  at  first  unique  in  that  it  lies  at  only  about  two  hundred 
and  fifty  or  three  hundred  feet  above  the  sea-level,  only  twelve 
miles  from  the  seacoast,  and  in  the  harsh,  changeable  climate  of 
New  England,  which  up  to  recent  years  has  been  considered 
most  unfavorable  for  the  treatment  of  such  cases.  It  was  the 
first  institution  of  its  kind  in  New  England,  and  is  intended  for 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  125 

women  of  very  limited  means  who  are  in  the  early  stages  of 
pulmonary  disease. 

A  nominal  price  of  five  dollars  a  week,  exclusive  of  laundry,  is 
asked.  The  public  supplies  the  deficit.  The  services  of  the  medi- 
cal directors  and  medicines  are  given  free  of  charge.  The  results 
of  treatment  have  shown  that  tuberculosis  can  be  cured  near 
home  in  a  large  percentage  of  cases.  The  members  of  the  Ameri- 
can Medical  Association  and  their  friends  are  cordially  invited 
by  the  directors  to  visit  the  institution.  The  superintendent  and 
the  resident  physician  will  be  present  to  ex- 
plain the  methods  pursued  at  the  sanatorium. 

To  return  to  Eliot  Square,  and  proceeding 
east,  we  come  to  the  Dudley  Street  Termi- 
nal and  Warren  Street.  Just  back  of  the  Peo- 
ple's Bank  on  the  south  side  of  the  terminal, 
on  Dudley  Street,  is  the  site  of  the  home  of  I 
John  Eliot,  noted  preacher  for  sixty  years,  §1| 
first  missionary  to  the  Indians,  translator  of  E» 
the  Bible  into  the  Indian  language,  one  of    ^**t 
the  founders  of  the  Roxbury  Free  School, 
— "Tn  zeal  equal  to  St.  Paul,  in  charity 
to  St.  Francis."  Taking  Warren  Street 
south,  the  way  to  Braintree  and  Plymouth, 
we  find  some  interesting  landmarks.  At  War- 
ren Place,  on  a  farm  of  seven  acres,  was  the     JOSEPH  WARREN 
Warren  homestead,  built  in  1720  by  Joseph  Warren,  grand- 
father of  General  Joseph  Warren.  Troops  were  quartered  here 
during  the  siege  of  Boston.  On  the  site  of  the  old  homestead 
Dr.  John  C.  Warren  erected  in  1846  a  stone  building  as  a  per- 
petual memorial;  and  on  June  17,  1904,  a  bronze  statue  in  the 
square,  the  gift  of  the  citizens,  was  dedicated  to  General  Jo- 
seph Warren, — "Physician,  Orator,  Patriot,  killed  at  Bunker 
Hill,  June  17th,  1775." 

Close    by,   on    Kearsarge   Avenue,   is    the    Roxbury   Latin 
School,  founded  in  1645  as  the  Roxbury  Free  School. 

At  the  corner  of  Tolman  Place  and  Warren  Street  stands  the 
oldest  house  in  Roxbury,  built  in  1683.  Still  farther  south,  past 


126  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

Grove  Hall,  on  the  way  to  Franklin  Park,  is  the  Cullis  Con- 
sumptive Home,  established  in  1871.  This  is  a  private  hospital 
of  forty  beds  for  advanced  consumptives. 

Franklin  Park,  just  beyond,  is  our  largest  playground,  a 
park  of  five  hundred  acres.  Splendid  woods,  tennis  courts,  ball 
grounds,  and  an  excellent  golf  course  offer  their  varied  attrac- 
tions to  the  visitor.  Leading  from  Elm  Hill  across  the  park  to- 
wards Milton  and  Plymouth  was  an  old  Indian  trail.  Near  this 
point,  on  the  hill,  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson  lived  when  he  taught 
school  in  Roxbury. 

Near  the  edge  of  the  park  are  two  groups  of  buildings,  Aus- 
tin and  Pierce  farms,  making  up  the  Boston  Insane  Hospital, 
with  its  separate  departments  for  men  (Pierce  Farm)  and  for 
women  (Austin  Farm),  on  Walk  Hill  Street  and  Canterbury 
Street  respectively. 

There  are  about  ten  thousand  insane  persons  in  the  State  of 
Massachusetts.  They  are  under  the  control  of  the  State  Board  of 
Insanity,  made  up  of  five  members  appointed  by  the  Governor, 
two  of  them  being  physicians.  Nearly  all  the  insane,  including 
the  feeble-minded,  the  epileptic  and  the  dipsomaniacs  and  in- 
ebriates, are  cared  for  by  the  following  fourteen  state  institu- 
tions, of  which  the  Medfield  Asylum  is  the  largest,  the  addresses 
being  given  in  case  any  of  the  members  of  the  American  Medi- 
cal Association  wish  to  visit  the  hospitals:  Worcester  Insane 
Hospital  (N.  Y.  C.  &  H.  R.  R.  to  Worcester);  Taunton  Insane 
Hospital (N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.  to  Taunton);  Northampton  In- 
sane Hospital  (Boston  &  Maine  R.  R.  to  Northampton);  Hanvers 
Insane  Hospital  (Boston  &  Maine  R.  R.  to  Hathorne);  West- 
borough  Insane  Hospital  (N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.  to  Talbot); 
Worcester  Insane  Asylum  (same  as  Worcester  Hospital);  Medfield 
Insane  Asylum  (N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.  to  Medfield  Junction); 
State  Colony  for  the  Insane  at  Gardner  (Boston  &  Maine  R.  R.  to 
Gardner);  Asylum  Wards,  State  Hospital  (Boston  &  Maine  R.  R. 
to  Tewksbury);  State  Farm  for  Insane  Criminals  at  Bridgewater 
(N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.'  to  Titicut);  Hospital  for  Dipsomaniacs 
and  Inebriates  (N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.  to  Foxborough);  Hospi- 
tal for  Epileptics  (N.  Y.  C.  &  H.  R.  R.  to  Palmer);  Hospital  Cot- 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  127 

tages  for  Children  (Boston  &  Maine  R.  R.  to  Baldwinville);  and 
the  School  for  the  Feeble-Minded  (Boston  &  Maine  R.  R.  to 
Waverley). 

The  Boston  Insane  Hospital  (N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.  to  Forest 
Hills,  or  Grove  Hall  electric  cars)  has  a  capacity  of  660,  and 
cares  for  the  pauper  insane,  having  a  settlement  within  the 
limits  of  Boston.  It  is  owned  and  managed  by  the  city  and  par- 
tially supported  by  the  State.  Some  450  insane  are  boarded  in 
almshouses  or  are  in  family  care,  and  215  are  in  nineteen  li- 
censed private  institutions,  of  which  the  McLean  Hospital  at 
Waverley  (see  page  97),  a  department  of  the  Massachusetts 
General  Hospital,  and  having  a  capacity  of  about  two  hundred, 
is  the  largest. 

Not  far  from  the  Boston  Insane  Hospital  buildings  is  the 
beautiful  Forest  Hills  Cemetery,  with  its  crematory  and  chapel 
on  Walk  Hill  Street,  one  of  the  two  chief  cemeteries  of  the 
city.  Mt.  Hope  Cemetery  and  the  Catholic  Cemetery  are  in  this 
neighborhood  also. 

In  the  distance  from  Franklin  Park  are  the  Blue  Hills,  where 
are  many  attractive  estates.  Great  Blue  Hill,  with  its  weather 
bureau  observation  house  on  top,  is  a  popular  climb.  The  Blue 
Hills  were  once  the  home  of  the  deadly  rattlesnake. 

Not  far  from  Franklin  Park,  on  the  road  to  Boston,  via  Rox- 
bury  Crossing,  is  seen  the  New  England  Hospital  for  Women  and 
Children,  incorporated  in  1863.  Its  beginning  was  due  very 
largely  to  the  efforts  of  Marie  Zakrewska.  Its  object  was  and  is 
now:  1.  To  provide  for  women  medical  aid  of  competent  physi- 
cians of  their  own  sex.  2.  To  assist  educated  women  in  the  prac- 
tical study  of  medicine.  3.  To  train  nurses  for  the  care  of  the 
sick.  It  is  a  large  hospital  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  beds, 
vigorous  and  proud  of  its  history.  Its  active  medical  staff  is 
composed  entirely  of  women  physicians.  Here  was  established 
in  1873  the  first  training  school  for  nurses  in  America. 


JAMAICA  PLAIN  AND  WEST  ROXBURY 

SOUTHWEST  of  Roxbury,  in  what  was  West  Roxbury, 
lies  Jamaica  Plain.  Its  early  history  is  really  that  of 
Roxbury.  We  find  in  1689  John  Eliot  giving  seventy- 
five  acres  of  land,  "the  income  from  which  was  to  be  used  for 
the  support  of  a  school  and  a  schoolmaster."  The  present  Eliot 
School,  on  Eliot  Street,  commemorates  this  gift,  and  is  de- 
voted to  the  giving  of  free  instruction  in  wood-carving,  car- 
pentering, needlework  and  drawing.  On  Centre  Street,  near 
Green,  is  a  two-story  cottage  with  painted  roof  and  dormer 
windows,  which  was  sold  in  1740  to  Benjamin  Faneuil,  nephew 
of  old  Peter  Faneuil,  and  purchased  in  1 802  by  the  distinguished 
Dr.  John  C.  Warren.  In  1828  it  became  the  property  of  Samuel 
Goodrich,  the  author,  who  was  the  kindly,  well  beloved  Peter 
Parley  of  our  childhood  days. 

At  the  corner  of  Centre  and  South  streets  is  the  old 
Greenough  homestead,  where  lived  five  generations  of  Green- 
oughs.  This  house  was  the  headquarters  of  General  Nathaniel 
Greene  during  the  siege  of  Boston.  Near  here  stands  the  old 
milestone  inscribed:  "5  miles  to  Boston  Town  House,  1735. 
P.  Dudley." 

Close  by  is  Jamaica  Po?id,  once  a  source  of  water  supply  to 
Boston,  now  a  feature  in  our  chain  of  parks,  and  affording  boat- 
ing in  summer  and  skating  in  winter. 

Near  the  Forest  Hills  Station  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven 
&  Hartford  Railroad  is  the  magnificent  Bussey  estate,  be- 
queathed to  Harvard  University  for  the  purpose  of  furnishing 
"instruction  in  practical  agriculture,  useful  and  ornamental 
gardening,  botany,"  &c.  The  Bussey  Institution  was  built  in  1871, 
and  the  beautiful  Arnold  Arboretum,  containing  over  one  hun- 
dred and  sixty  acres  of  hilly  land,  has  been  in  process  of  de- 
velopment ever  since.  Here  are  in  great  profusion  rare  varieties 
of  trees,  shrubs  and  deciduous  plants. 

In  the  Bussey  Institution  is  a  station  of  the  Massachusetts 
State  Board  of  Health,  which  had  its  origin  as  far  back  as  1 849,  a 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  129 

year  of  unusual  sickness  and  mortality  throughout  the  state. 
There  had  been  much  typhoid,  dysentery  and  scarlet  fever,  and 
in  addition  cholera  had  carried  off  about  twelve  hundred  of  the 
population.  The  legislature  authorized  a  commission  to  report 
upon  the  sanitary  condition  of  the  state,  and  the  commission  ad- 
vised the  establishment  of  a  "general  board  of  health."  The 
board  was  established  twenty  years  later  under  the  title  of  the 
State  Board  of  Health,  and  was  reorganized  with  enlarged 
powers  in  1886. 

The  State  Board  of  Health  now  consists  of  seven  members, 
three  of  whom  are  physicians.  They  are  appointed  for  a  term 
of  seven  years  each.  It  has  also  a  secretary,  who  is  a  trained 
physician  of  the  highest  standing,  a  consulting  engineer,  a 
chief  engineer,  a  consulting  chemist,  a  chemist,  a  pathologist 
and  an  analyst  of  food  and  drugs. 

The  board  has  supervision  of  the  sale  of  liquors,  milk,  ice, 
vinegar  and  food  in  general;  of  hospitals,  nuisances,  offensive 
trades,  pollution  of  water  supply;  sewage  and  its  disposal ;  and  it 
is  authorized  to  publish  the  result  of  its  investigation  of  adul- 
terated articles.  It  has  on  file  at  the  State  House  a  long  list  of 
conspicuous  fraudulent  preparations  with  a  statement  of  the 
exact  amount  of  their  noxious  ingredients.  It  manufactures 
and  distributes  antitoxin  and  vaccine  lymph  from  its  station 
at  the  Bussey  Institution. 

On  high  wood-covered  ground,  overlooking  the  Arboretum, 
is  the  Faulkner  Hospital,  opened  in  1903.  It  is  the  gift  of 
George  Faulkner  and  his  wife  Abby  L.  A.  Faulkner,  in  mem- 
ory of  their  daughter  Mary,  for  the  good  of  the  people  of  the 
old  town  of  West  Roxbury.  There  are  twenty-eight  beds  de- 
voted to  surgical,  medical  and  obstetrical  work. 

One  other  medical  institution  demands  our  attention  before 
leaving  Jamaica  Plain, — the  Adams  Nervine  Asylum  on  Centre 
Street,  close  by  the  Arboretum.  Funds  for  its  establishment 
were  left  in  1873  by  the  will  of  Seth  Adams,  late  of  Newton, 
"for  the  benefit  of  such  indigent,  debilitated,  nervous  people, 
who  are  not  insane,  inhabitants  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Mas- 
sachusetts, as  may  be  in  need  of  the  benefit  of  a  curative  in- 


ISO  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

stitution."  There  are  rooms  provided  for  thirty-six  female  pa- 
tients and  thirteen  male  patients. 

On  Chestnut  Avenue,  corner  of  Wyman  Street,  is  located 
the  Massachusetts  Infant  Asylum,  whose  object  is  to  assist  and 
provide  for  delicate  and  destitute  infants.  Children  under 
eighteen  months  are  admitted,  and  in  caring  for  them  "the 
true  relation  of  parent  and  child"  is  carefully  safeguarded.  Most 
of  the  children  are  cared  for  in  the  home ;  a  few  are  boarded 
out  in  good  families.  About  two  hundred  infants  are  treated 
annually. 


BROOKLINE 

BROOKLINE,  or  Muddy  River  as  it  was  called,  was 
used  as  a  grazing  place  for  swine  and  cattle  in  colonial 
times.  Originally  a  part  of  Boston,  in  1705  it  was  set 
apart  as  an  independent  town  and  has  remained  a  town  ever 
since.  To  this  day  the  Brookline  town  meetings  are  famous 
for  their  lively  and  public-spirited  discussions  of  matters  of 
town  government.  It  is  a  place  of  homes,  many  apartment 
houses  and  beautiful  estates.  The  mere  mention  of  some  of 
the  beautiful  estates  must  suffice  in  this  sketch,  and  the 
reader  is  assured  that  a  trip  around  this  town,  the  richest  in 
the  United  States,  will  be  well  worth  while.  The  Gardner, 
Sargent,  Schlesinger,  Winthrop,  Lee,  Lowell,  Lyman,  Brande- 
gee  and  Whitney  places,  and  the  Country  Club,  are  some  of 
the  most  noted. 

Not  far  from  the  Country  Club,  on  Newton  Street,  is  the 
Brookline  Board  of  Health  Hospital,  comprising  a  group  of  mod- 
ern brick  hospital  buildings,  caring  for  scarlet  fever,  diphtheria, 
tuberculosis  and  smallpox.  Private  patients  from  other  cities  are 
received  here. 

At  the  western  end  of  the  town  is  the  Chestnut  Hill  Re- 
servoir and  pumping  station,  part  of  the  Metropolitan  Water 
Works.  The  two  lakes  of  the  reservoir,  nestling  at  the  base 
of  the  surrounding  hills,  make  one  of  the  most  attractive  bits  of 
scenery  about  Boston. 

No  city  in  America  possesses  so  many  attractive  suburbs 
as  does  Boston.  The  Newtons,  Wellesleys,  Natick,  Dedham, 
Weston,  Milton,  Mattapan,  to  the  southwest,  and  Waltham, 
Medford,  Winchester  and  Middlesex  Fells,  to  the  north,  are 
easily  accessible  by  trolley  or  automobile,  and  excursions  are 
planned  for  our  honored  guests  to  enjoy  the  beauties  of  these 
towns. 

In  every  city  and  in  almost  every  town  about  Boston  one 
finds  a  hospital.  Among  the  semi-private  hospitals  the  Corey 
Hill  Hospital,  on  the  southwest  slope  of  Corey  Hill,  in   the 


132  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

town  of  Brookline,  is  unique.  It  was  built  and  equipped  by  a 
group  of  Boston  physicians  for  the  care  of  private  patients, 
under  conditions  believed  to  be  most  conducive  to  their  medi- 
cal and  surgical  welfare  and  a  speedy  convalescence.  The  money 
for  construction  and  maintenance  was  subscribed  by  these 
men,  by  whom  the  entire  stock  is  held  and  controlled.  The 
modern  fireproof  building  was  opened  in  June,  1904,  and  ac- 
commodates about  thirty  patients.  The  beds  are  open  to  physi- 
cians of  Boston  and  vicinity,  irrespective  of  any  stock-holdings, 
applications  for  rooms  being  made  to  an  executive  committee, 
or  by  the  stockholders  to  the  resident  matron  and  superinten- 
dent. 

The  patients  remain  under  the  direction  of  their  individual 
physicians,  and  are  cared  for  in  their  absence  by  the  resident 
house  doctor.  Great  emphasis  is  laid  on  sunshine  and  fresh  air. 
The  patients  are  encouraged  to  spend  much  of  their  time  in  the 
sun  rooms,  on  the  numerous  balconies  and  on  the  broad  first- 
floor  verandas,  to  which  the  beds  maybe  rolled  directly  from  the 
adjoining  rooms.  It  is  believed  that  this  represents  a  successful 
attempt  to  supply  the  community  with  a  perfectly  equipped 
private  hospital  in  a  healthful  situation,  and  attractive  in  its 
internal  detail. 

There  is  a  training  school  for  nurses  connected  with  the  hos- 
pital,—  the  Massachusetts  General,  Waltham,  Children's,  New- 
ton and  Adams  Nervine  schools  sending  a  certain  number  of 
their  nurses  in  the  latter  part  of  their  third  year  of  training. 
Special  nursing  is  provided  by  a  corps  of  carefully  selected 
graduate  nurses. 

Visitors  are  always  welcome. 

The  Free  Hospital  for  Women  is  situated  on  Pond  Avenue, 
opposite  the  Riverdale  Park,  in  Brookline.  This  hospital,  fash- 
ioned after  the  plan  of  the  Woman's  Hospital  in  the  State  of 
New  York,  was  established  in  1875  by  Dr.  W.  H.  Baker,  and 
was  first  located  on  East  Springfield  Street,  Boston.  From  this 
institution  for  twenty  years  came  the  teachings  of  Marion  Sims 
and  Thomas  Addis  Emmet  to  the  medical  profession  of  New 
England  through  the  Professor  of  Gynecology  in  the  Harvard 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  133 

Medical  School,  the  surgeon  in  chief  to  the  hospital.  The  pre- 
sent building  was  erected  in  1 895,  and  has  an  ultimate  capa- 


FREE  HOSPITAL  FOR  WOMEN 

city,  when  completely  finished,  of  sixty  beds.  It  is  an  incorpo- 
rated institution,  being  supported  by  an  endowment  fund  and 
by  the  annual  subscription  of  churches  and  charitable  individ- 
uals. The  object  of  the  hospital  is  the  surgical  treatment  of 
the  diseases  peculiar  to  women,  and  only  the  poor  are  admitted, 
all  the  beds  being  free.  The  hospital  has  in  connection  with  it 
an  out-patient  department  at  No.  633  Massachusetts  Avenue, 
Boston,  where  a  large  gynecological  clinic  is  held  morning, 
afternoon  and  evening.  The  number  of  patients  treated  in  the 
hospital  in  1905  was  353. 

In  Newton  is  a  large  hospital  of  nearly  one  hundred  beds, 
with  a  mixed  staff  of  regular  and  homeopathic  physicians  and 
a  training  school  for  nurses. 

In  Waltham  is  a  hospital,  interesting  very  largely  because  of 
the  unique  Waltham  Training  School  for  Nurses  which  is  asso- 
ciated with  it.  A  most  comprehensive  course  of  training  is  given 
to  nurses,  covering  four  years.  A  large  part  of  the  course  in 


134  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

training  is  devoted  to  nursing  in  private  families  among  the 
poor,  under  careful  supervision  of  physicians.  This  is  the  train- 
ing school  which  Dr.  Alfred  Worcester  was  instrumental  in 
founding  and  with  which  he  has  been  connected  from  the  be- 
ginning. Waltham  is  the  home  of  the  American  Waltham  Watch 
Company,  one  of  the  largest  watch  factories  in  the  world,  where 
the  famous  Waltham  watches  are  made,  Over  3500  hands  are 
employed,  and  the  plant  is  soon  to  be  doubled  in  size. 


CAMBRIDGE 


A  CROSS  the  river  from  Boston  proper  is  Cambridge,  the 
/  \  "  University  City/'  joined  to  Boston  by  five  bridges. 
±  m.  The  river  here  is  wide,  and  at  high  tide  presents  a 
beautiful  expanse  of  water.  In  process  of  construction  is  a  dam 
to  keep  the  river  at  a  definite  level  and  the  water  fresh.  When 
completed  in  1908,  according  to  the  present  plans,  it  will  give 
to  Boston  and  Cambridge  a  large  sheet  of  water  of  inestima- 
ble value  from  artistic,  hygienic  and  pleasure-giving  points 
of  view.  We  first  come  to  Cambridgeport,  largely  a  manufac- 
turing district,  and  through  this  we  proceed  to  Cambridge 
proper. 

Massachusetts  Avenue  is  the  main  street,  and  passes  the 
City  Hall,  the  gift  of  Frederick  H.  Rindge.  Just  back  of  it,  now 
marked  by  a  tablet,  was  the  headquarters  of  General  Isaac 
Putnam  during  the  siege  of  Boston.  Near  by,  on  Cambridge 
Street,  is  the  Holy  Ghost  Hospital  for  Incurables.  Established  in 
1894,  it  offers  seventy-five  beds  for  the  care  of  incurables,  —  a 
splendid  charity,  and  supported  by  private  funds.  Farther  up 
Massachusetts  Avenue,  about  twenty-five  minutes'  ride  in  the 
electric  cars  from  the  Sub  way  at  Park  Street,  is  Harvard  Square, 
and  the  entrance  to  the  College  Yard, — the  old  College  Yard, 
dear  to  all  graduates,  where  glorious  elms  temper  the  sun's  rays, 
and  nod  their  welcome  to  the  sturdy  sons  of  fair  Harvard. 
Across  the  yard  ,s  1 

are  old  buildings, 
rich  in  traditions 
and  hoary  with 
age.  Massachu- 
setts Hall  dates 
back  to  1720. 
Hollis,  Harvard 
and  Massachu- 
setts Halls  were 
used  as  barracks 


N.  L.  Stebbins,  Photo. 

HARVARD  HALL  AND  JOHNSTON  GATE 


136 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


MEMORIAL  HALL 


by  the  Continental  Army 
during  the  Revolution.  Be- 
tween Massachusetts  and 
Harvard  Halls  is  the 
main  entrance  to  the  yard, 
through  the  Johnston 
Gateway.  This  gate  is  in- 
scribed with  the  orders  of 
the  General  Court,  relat- 
ing to  the  establishment 
of  the  College  in  1636. 
There  are  many  buildings  to  inspect,  —  some  beautiful  from 
length  of  service,  as  Wadsworth  House,  1726,  once  the  head- 
quarters of  General  Washington ;  others  from  an  architectural 
point  of  view,  all  of  them  rich  in  traditions  and  associations, 
—  the  Harvard  Union,  the  gift  of  Major  Henry  Lee  Higginson 
and  Henry  Warren,  the  Phillips  Brooks  House,  Hemenway  Gym- 
nasium, Memorial  Hall,  Law  School,  the  various  museums  and 
the  great  Stadium.  On  the  Delta  by  Memorial  Hall  is  the  statue 
of  John  Harvard,  whose  gift  of  /..".,*  '//■ '    ^  ,\ 

his  library  in  1636  made  the 
real  beginning  of  the  College. 
Northwest  of  the  College 
Yard  lies  Cambridge  Common, 
and  west  of  the  common  stands 
the  famous  Washington  Elm, 
under  which,  as  every  school- 
boy knows,  Washington  first 
took  command  of  the  Continen- 
tal forces.  Opposite  the  elm  is 
Radcliffe  College  for  women, 
a  part  of  Harvard  University, 
which  had  its  beginning  in 
1879-  The  name  Radcliffe  is  of 
some  interest.  In  1643  Lady 
Anne  Moulton  gave  the  first  Souh  Art  Co.,  photo. 
scholarship     to      Harvard     of 


JOHN    HARVARD 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


137 


<£100,  and  in  grateful  re- 
membrance of  this,  the 
women's  department  was 
named  Radcliffe,  Lady 
Anne's  maiden  name. 

Close  by  is  Christ  Church, 
built  in  176*0  by  Peter 
Harrison,  who  designed 
King's  Chapel  in  Boston. 
A  milestone  near  the  fence 
reads,  "Boston  8  miles, 
1734."  As  the  only  road 
at  that  time  to  Boston  led 
through  Brighton  and  Rox- 
bury  and  across  the  Neck, 
now  Washington  Street,  it 
was  indeed  eight  miles. 

Farther  down  Harvard  Square,  at  Dunster  Street,  is  a  tablet 
marking  the  site  of  the  house  of  Stephen  Daye,  the  printer  of 
the  first  book  printed  in  English  North  America,  the  "Bay 
Psalm  Book,"  1639;  and  still  farther  down  Dunster  Street,  at 
the  corner  of  South,  is  seen  the  tablet  marking  the  site  of  the 
house  of  Thomas  Dudley,  the  founder  of  Cambridge. 

Outside  Harvard  Square  are  many  interesting  and  historic 
places.  Soldiers  Field,  across  the  river,  the  gift  of  Major  Henry 


THE    WASHINGTON  ELM 


THE  STADIUM 

Lee  Higginson  to  the  University,  in  memory  of  his  classmates 
who  died  in  the  Civil  War,  is  the  athletic  field.  The  Stadium, 


138 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


Dr.  M.  D.  Miller,  Photo. 

THE  LONGFELLOW  HOUSE 


built  after  the  Greek 
model,  is  the  gift  of  the 
Athletic  Association  and 
of  the  class  of  79-  Its 
total  cost  was  $250,000. 
It  encloses  a  field  seven 
hundred  and  forty-eight 
%^  feet  long  and  two  hun- 
Z^p.  dred  and  thirty  feet  wide. 
It  is  a  steel  frame  filled  in 
with  Portland  cement.  Its 
seating  capacity  is  23,400. 
For  the  Harvard-Yale  Football  Game  additional  seats  are 
added,  with  a  grand  stand  at  the  east  end,  so  that  the  seating 
accommodation  is  raised  to  35,000.  The  graduates  of  both  uni- 
versities, far  and  near,  look  forward  to  the  Harvard- Yale  game 
of  football,  and  with  their  families  arrive  in  Boston  a  day  or  two 
before  the  event.  Proud  mothers  and  comely,  vivacious  and 
enthusiastic  daughters  crowd  our  hotels  and  lend  to  our  staid 
city  an  air  of  unwonted  gaiety.  The  undergraduates  are  noisily 
in  evidence.  Picture  this  gay  throng  of  our  country's  choicest 
seated  in  the  beautiful  Stadium,  the  air  vibrant  with  cheers  and 
the  strains  of  martial  songs,  flags  waving,  hands  clapping,  as 
some  mighty  hero  in  crimson  or  blue,  with  ball  tucked  safely  un- 
der arm,  dashes  down  the  field.  It  is  a  sight, an  experience,  to  stir 
the  blood  of  the  dullest  and  thrill  his  innermost  cerebral  centres. 

South  from  Harvard  Sq., 
and  running  west,  is  Brat- 
tle Street,  the  most  beauti- 
ful street  in  Cambridge. 
On  Brattle  Street  is  the 
well-known  Longfellow 
House,  built  in  1759  by 
John  Vassall.  It  was  Wash- 
ington's headquarters  after 
leaving  the  Wadsworth 
House,  and  later  became 


THE   LOWE  LI 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  139 

the  home  of  the  poet  Longfellow,  and  is  at  present  occupied 
by  his  daughter,  Miss  Alice  Longfellow.  Some  little  distance  up 
the  street  is  Elmwood  Avenue,  which  leads  to  Mt.  Auburn  Street, 
where  is  the  beautifully  situated  home  of  James  Russell  Lowell. 
The  Lowell  house  is  also  reached  by  Mt.  Auburn  Street. 

South  of  Brattle  Street,  and  parallel  to  it,  is  Mt.  Auburn 
Street,  which  for  a  short  distance  runs  along  the  river's  edge. 
On  the  left,  overlooking  the  river  and  Soldiers'  Field,  is  the 
Stillman  Infirmary,  belonging  to  the  University.  Each  student 
taking  courses 
in  Cambridge  is 
charged  four  dol- 
lars a  year  for  the 
support  of  the 
Infirmary,  and 
this  entitles  him 
to     two     weeks' 

free     treatment.   dTmTmS^pJT1 
The  majority  of  stillman  infirmary 

sick  students  use  the  Infirmary  when  necessary.  Next  to  it 
are  the  buildings  of  the  Cambridge  Hospital.  Still  farther  on,  at 
the  junction  of  Mt.  Auburn  Street  and  Brattle  Street,  is  the 
beautiful  and  peace-inviting  Mt.  Auburn  Cemetery,  the  resting- 
place  of  many  distinguished  dead.  To  wander  along  the  beau- 
tiful walks  of  this  cemetery  is  to  meet  the  names  of  New  Eng- 
land's most  famous  sons.  The  old  chapel  of  the  cemetery  was 
converted  into  a  most  attractive  and  serviceable  crematory  in 
1902.  This  is  one  of  the  two  crematories  of  New  England,  the 
other  being  located  at  Forest  Hills  Cemetery.  In  1905  there 
were  four  hundred  and  ten  cremations  at  these  two  institutions. 


THE  NORTH  SHORE 

FOR  many  years  the  shores  of  Massachusetts  Bay  have 
been  made  use  of  as  summer  watering-places,  both  by 
the  inhabitants  of  Boston  and  the  surrounding  towns, 
and  by  people  from  a  distance  who  are  in  search  of  a  glimpse  of 
old  ocean  and  refreshing  sea-breezes.  Many  are  the  arguments 
as  to  the  respective  merits  of  the  North  and  the  South  Shores. 
To  the  north  are  woods  and  rocks  and  cool  breezes  from  off 
the  water;  to  the  south  are  sand,  stronger  winds  and  a  more 
equable  climate,  where  it  is  possible  to  sit  on  the  piazza  during 
the  evenings  unless,  by  chance,  the  wind  fails  and  the  tireless 
mosquito  puts  in  an  appearance. 

The  North  Shore  extends  from  Cape  Ann,  where  the  city 
of  Gloucester — the  greatest  fishing  port  on  the  coast  —  is 
nestled  under  the  protection  of  Eastern  Point,  safe  from  the 
fury  of  Atlantic  storms,  up  to  the  city's  limits  at  Winthrop. 

Some  of  the  most  beautiful  and  elaborate  estates  in  the 
world  are  to  be  found  in  Beverly  Farms  and  Manchester,  on 
the  northerly  shore  of  Salem  Harbor.  Here  forest  and  ocean 
meet  at  sandy  beach  or  rocky  headland,  and  the  wealthy  Bos- 
tonian  travels  daily  back  and  forth  between  his  place  of  busi- 
ness and  his  home,  in  his  steam  yacht  or  in  a  special  express 
train. 

Nearer  to  Boston  are  the  more  modest  summer  resorts  of 
Marblehead,Swampscott,Lynn,  Nahant,  Revere  and  Winthrop. 

Starting  for  Marblehead,  the  scene  of  the  Agnes  Surriage 
romance,  we  take  the  train  at  the  North  Station,  and  select  a 
seat  on  the  right-hand  side  of  the  car,  raising  the  window.  Let 
our  imagination  carry  us  back  to  colonial  times,  before  the 
days  of  the  "iron  horse."  Sir  Harry  Frankland  is  speeding 
northward  to  meet  his  love: 

Make  way!  Sir  Harry  s  coach  and  four, 

And  liveried  grooms  that  ride! 
They  cross  the  ferry,  touch  the  shore 

On  Winnisimmef  s  side. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  141 

They  hear  the  wash  on  Chelsea  Beach,  — 

The  level  marsh  they  pass, 
Where  miles  on  miles  the  desert  reach 

Is  rough  with  bitter  grass. 

The  shining  horses  foam  and  pant, 

And  now  the  smells  begin 
Of  fishy  Swampscott,  salt  Nahant, 

And  leather-scented  Lynn. 

Next,  on  their  left,  the  slender  spires 

And  glittering  vanes,  that  crown 
The  home  of  Salem  s  frugal  sires, 

The  old,  witch-haunted  town. 

Marblehead  is  a  quaint  old  town,  situated  on  the  tip  of  the 
peninsula  which  forms  the  southern  boundary  of  Salem  Har- 
bor. It  is  a  little  over  half  an  hour  from  Boston  by  the  Boston 
&  Maine  Railroad.  The  town  was  settled  in  1629.  It  has  a  fine, 
deep  harbor,  and  from  being  an  important  fishing  and  trading 
port  has  become  the  chief  yachting  rendezvous  on  the  Atlan- 
tic coast.  During  the  Revolution,  Marblehead  furnished  over 
twelve  hundred  men  to  the  government  service.  Brigadier- 
General  John  Glover,  one  of  the  bravest  and  most  distin- 
guished officers  of  the  Revolution,  who  died  in  1797,  is  buried 
in  the  old  cemetery  on  the  hill  overlooking  Marblehead  Har- 
bor. There  is  a  statue  of  General  Glover  on  Commonwealth 
Avenue  in  Boston. 

The  streets  of  Marblehead  are  notorious  for  their  crooked- 
ness. Apparently,  every  man  built  his  house  on  this  rocky 
promontory  exactly  where  he  pleased,  without  much  reference 
to  his  neighbors,  so  that  while  one  front  door  looks  squarely 
upon  the  street,  the  next  one  will  be  at  an  angle  of  ninety 
degrees,  and  the  third  house  will  be  entered  from  the  rear. 
The  oldest  Episcopal  Church  in  New  England  is  St.  Michael's 
(1714),  a  modest  structure  hidden  away  in  a  nest  of  wooden 
buildings,  not  a  stone's  throw  from  the  electric  cars,  which 
pass  through  the  centre  of  the  town. 

The  Colonel  Jeremiah  Lee  mansion  (1776),  No.  169  Wash- 
ington Street,  with  its  old  colonial  staircase,  should  be  visited ; 


142 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


ST.  MICHAEL  S  CHURCH 

MARBLEHEAD 


also  the  birthplace  of  Elbridge 
Gerry  (nearly  opposite  the  North 
Church),  a  signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence,  Governor  of 
Massachusetts  and  Vice-President 
of  the  United  States.  The  well  of  the 
Fountain  Inn,  where  began  the 
romance  of  Agnes  Surriage,  cele- 
brated by  Edwin  Lasseter  Bynner 
in  a  novel,  and  by  Dr.  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  in,  a  poem,  is 
to  be  seen  at  a  point  only  a  few  steps  from  the  terminus  of  the 
electric-car  line. 

The  Eastern  Yacht  Club,  with  ample  accommodations  for  its 
members,  has  its  house  and  landing  stage  on  the  Neck,  and 
also  the  Corinthian  Yacht  Club.  A  steam  ferry  connects  the 
mainland  with  the  Neck  and  also  a  good  road  across  the  cause- 
way. On  the  town  side  of  the  harbor  the  Boston  Yacht  Club 
has  a  house  and  wharf.  Both  steam  and  electric  cars  connect 
Marblehead  and  Salem,  some  five  miles  apart. 

Salem,  fourteen  miles  to  the  northeast  of  Boston,  on  the  Bos- 
ton &  Maine  Railroad,  was  settled  in  1626.  From  Salem  came 
John  Winthrop  and  his  compan- 
ions to  the  founding  of  Boston. 
The  town  is  noted  for  the  perse- 
cution of  the  witches,  and  Gal- 
lows Hill,  where  nineteen  witches 
were  hanged,  is  one  of  the  chief 
points  of  interest  to  the  tourist. 
It  is  on  Boston  Street,  and  is  ap- 
proached from  Hanson  Street. 
Witchcraft  documents  and  relics 
may  be  seen  in  the  brick  Court 
House  on  Washington  Street,  fa- 
cing Federal  Street.  Salem  was 
once  the  chief  port  of  New  Eng- 
land, and  controlled  all  the  East 
India  trade.  agnes  surriage  well 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


143 


Nathaniel  Hawthorne  was  born 
in  Salem,  and  his  birthplace  on 
Union  Street,  No.  27,  is  still  stand- 
ing. The  house  dates  from  before 
1693,  and  belonged  to  Hawthorne's 
grandfather. 

The  old  Custom  House,  on  Derby 
Street,  is  the  one  in  which  Haw- 
thorne served  as  surveyor   of  the 
port  in  1 846-1 849-  On  the  easterly  2 
side  of  the  building,  on  the  second     - 

floor,  is  the  room  in  which  his  fancy    Hawthorne's  birthplace 
evolved  the  "Scarlet  Letter,"  and  in  another  room  is  preserved 
a  stencil  with  which  he  marked  inspected  goods  with  "  N.  Haw- 
thorne." 

The  Essex  Institute,  on  Essex  Street,  wThere  is  a  museum  of 
historical  objects,  manuscripts  and  portraits,  the  largest  collec- 
tion of  its  kind  in  the  country,  should  be  visited.  Also  the 
Pickering  House,  No.  18  Broad  Street,  built  in  1649,  the 
birthplace  of  Timothy  Pickering,  soldier  and  statesman  of  the 
Revolution  and  member  of  Washington's  Cabinet. 

The  oldest  house  now  standing  in  Salem  is  the  Roger  Wil- 
liams, or  Witch  House,  corner  of  Essex  and  North  streets.  It 
is  said  to  have  been  the  home  of  Roger  Williams  from  1635-6, 
and  is  called  the  witch  house  because  of  the  tradition  that 
some  of  the  preliminary  examinations  of  the  accused  persons 
were  held  in  it. 

Revere  Beach  is  a  part   of 

_    ^  the  Metropolitan  Park  System, 

JllJr-  of  which  Bostonians  are  justly 

proud.  It  is  nearly  three  miles 

:   I  f     8      ^  I    long    and    is    bordered    by    a 

boulevard  connecting  it  with 
the  Middlesex  Fells  Parkway. 
Back  of  the  boulevard  are  all 
of  amusement  enter- 
prises,    including      "  Wonder- 


illll  I 


■  ■- 
Si  sorts 


SALEM  CUSTOM  HOUSE 


144  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

land/'  Looping  the  Loop,  the  Steeplechase  and  Roller  Coaster. 

There  is  a  splendid  State  Bath-House  here,  which  is  man- 
aged under  modern  aseptic  methods,  and  is  open  to  the  public. 

The  beach  is  reached  by  a  short  trip  over  the  Narrow  Gauge 
or  Boston,  Revere  Beach  &  Lynn  Railroad,  which  skirts  the 
shore  all  the  way  from  East  Boston.  The  station  is  at  Rowe's 
Wharf:  trains  every  fifteen  minutes ;  fare  five  cents.  The  beach 
may  also  be  reached  by  trolley  cars  from  Scollay  Square  or 
the  Sullivan  Square  Terminal  of  the  Elevated  Railway. 

The  Metropolitan  Park  System  at  the  present  time  com- 
prises nearly  ten  thousand  acres  reserved  for  parks  and  twenty- 
four  thousand  miles  of  parkways,  in  thirteen  cities  and  twenty- 
six  towns  of  the  Commonwealth.  Some  of  these  reservations 
are  under  the  control  of  the  cities  and  towns  in  which  they 
lie,  as  in  the  case  of  Boston,  whose  Board  of  Park  Commis- 
sioners has  charge  of  Commonwealth  Avenue,  the  Fens, 
Franklin  Park,  Marine  Park  and  other  city  open  spaces.  The 
Metropolitan  Park  Commission  controls  fourteen  reservations, 
including  the  Blue  Hills,  Middlesex  Fells,  Charles  River,  Ne- 
ponset  River  and  Revere  and  Nantasket  Beach  Reservations. 


THE  SOUTH  SHORE 

THE  South  Shore  includes  the  country  from  Quincy 
to  Plymouth.  Beyond  Plymouth  is  the  Cape,  ex- 
tending to  Provincetown.  The  resorts  along  the  shore 
may  be  reached  by  water  or  by  land,  including  steam  roads  and 
trolley.  If  we  choose  the  land  way,  we  must  pass  through 
Quincy,  and  this  is  most  quickly  reached  by  the  New  York, 
New  Haven  &  Hartford  Railroad. 

There  is  considerable  of  historic  interest  in  Quincy,  since  it 
is  the  birthplace,  home  and  burial-place  of  two  early  presi- 
dents,—  John  Adams  and  his  son,  John  Quincy  Adams.  In 
Bradford's  diary  of  the  Ply- 
mouth   colony    mention    is 
made  of  one  Thomas  Mor- 
ton, who  in  1627,  expelled 
from  the  Plymouth  Colony 
with  his  boisterous  friends, 
settled  at    Mount   Wollas- 
ton,  a  short  distance  north  | 
of  Quincy.  Because  of  the 

merry  revels  he  and  his  fol-  \Tj 

lowers     had     there     they 
named  it  "Merry  Mount." 

The  Quincy  quarries  are 
still  worked,  and  furnish  a  birthplace  of  john  adams 

very  good  granite.  Here  was  built  the  first  railway  in  America, 
in  1827,  to  carry  the  granite  from  the  quarries  to  tide  water. 
A  portion  of  the  original  roadbed,  with  the  iron-capped  granite 
rails  and  a  stone  tablet,  may  be  seen  at  the  crossing  of  the 
Braintree  branch  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford 
Railroad  by  Squantum  Street,  near  the  East  Milton  station. 

Opposite  the  Quincy  railroad  station  is  a  solidly  built  granite 
church,  the  First  Parish  Church  (Unitarian).  This  was  built  in 
1828,  to  carry  out  certain  provisions  in  the  will  of  John  Adams. 
He  left  granite  quarries  to  the  town,  and  ordered  a  "temple  "  to 


146 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


be  built  to  receive  his  remains.  In  the  basements  are  the  tombs 
of  the  two  presidents  and  their  wives.  The  sexton  shows  these 
for  a  small  fee.  In  the  old  burial-ground  near  at  hand  are  the 
graves  of  the  very  early  inhabitants :  of  John  Hancock,  father 
of  the  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  of  several  of 
the  Adams  family  and  of  the  Quincys. 

The  Adams  Academy,  a  preparatory  school  for  college,  was 
founded  by  President  John  Adams. 

On  the  road  toward  Braintree,  at  the  corner  of  Indepen- 
dence Street  and  Franklin  Avenue,  are  two  very  old  houses, 
belonging  now  to  the  Quincy  Historical  Society,  the  gift  of 
Charles  Francis  Adams.  The  smaller  house,  the  older  of  the  two, 
is  the  birthplace  of  John  Adams,  the  other  that  of  his  son,  John 
Quincy  Adams.  In  later  years  the  Adamses  lived  on  Adams 

St.,  the  road  to  East  Mil- 
ton, a  beautiful  thorough- 
fare. The  Adams  mansion 
was  the  home  of  President 
John  Adams  from  1787 
until  his  death,  and  here 
the  President  celebrated 
his  golden  wedding.  In  it 
were  married  his  son, 
President  John  Quincy 
Adams,  and  his  grandson, 
Charles  Francis  Adams, 
United  States  minister  to 
England.  It  is  still  occu- 
pied by  descendants  of  the  Adams  family. 

On  Hancock  Street,  facing  Bridge  Street,  is  the  old  Quincy 
Mansion,  known  to  us  through  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes's 
poem,  "  Dorothy  Q."  The  poet's  mother  was  a  granddaughter 
of  "Dorothy  Q." 

Beyond  Quincy,  the  way  lies  through  a  beautiful  country, 
and  some  of  the  many  towns  are  worth  more  than  mere  men- 
tion. The  Weymouths  contain  some  large  estates,  and  in  ad- 
dition the  Fore  River  Works,  where  are  building  several  ships 


Soule  Art  Co.,  Photo. 

DOROTHY  QUINCY  HOUSE 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  147 

for  the  navy.  Here  was  built  the  largest  schooner  afloat,  the 
Thomas  W.  Lawson,  a  seven-masted  steel  schooner. 

Hingham  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  loveliest  towns  on  the 
South  Shore,  with  its  main  broad  avenue  bordered  by  superb 
elms.  It  was  the  home  of  Dr.  Ezekiel  Hersey,  the  founder  of 
the  Harvard  Medical  School. 

Nantasket  Beach  is  beyond  Hingham,  and  extends  towards 
the  entrance  of  Boston  Harbor.  It  is  a  long  broad  beach  with 
fine  sand,  and  facing  the  open  ocean.  It  is  a  part  of  our  Metropoli- 
tan Park  System,  and  furnishes  an  ideal  beach  for  the  children, 
and  with  the  steamboat  connection  with  Boston  is  a  favorite 
resort  for  adults.  The  bathing  here  is  excellent,  although  the 
water  is  cold,  and  if  the  surf  is  high  may  produce  a  dangerous 
undertow.  The  State  Bath-House  is  well  kept,  and  furnishes 
adequate  supplies  for  bathers.  The  beach  is  reached  either  by 
steamer  from  Rowe's  Wharf,  or  by  train  from  the  South  Station : 
about  an  hour  by  boat,  and  the  same  by  train. 

From  the  beach  along  the  shore  south,  towards  Cohasset,  is 
the  Jerusalem  Road,  affording  a  magnificent  drive  by  the  ocean. 
Looking  off  to  sea  a  granite  lighthouse  is  seen  rising  straight 
out  of  the  water.  This  is  Minot's  Light,  a  light  of  the  first  class, 
built  on  a  ledge  submerged  at  high  tide,  and  in  the  pathway  of 
steamers  rounding  Cape  Cod.  Visitors  may  reach  the  lighthouse 
by  rowboats  from  Cohasset,  and  be  hoisted  in  a  basket  to  the 
door  in  the  wall. 

Beyond  Cohasset  is  Scituate,  a  popular  summer  resort.  "The 
Old  Oaken  Bucket,"  a  song  dear  to  us  all,  was  written  here  by 
Samuel  Woodworth. 

Egypt  is  of  interest  as  being  the  country  seat  of  Mr.  Thomas 
W.  Lawson.  This  is  a  truly  magnificent  estate,  occupying  old 
marsh  and  stone-covered  ground.  The  stables,  well  stocked  with 
thoroughbreds,  the  barns,  filled  with  "blue  ribbon"  cattle,  the 
kennels,  gardens,  race  track  and  deer  park  are  gladly  shown 
to  visitors  on  receiving  a  pass,  most  generously  given.  Rambler 
rosebushes  cover  the  white  fences  lining  the  miles  of  private 
road,  and  a  more  beautiful  sight  cannot  be  enjoyed  than  these 
rosebushes  in  full  bloom. 


148 


AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


Coming  to  Marshfield  we  may  see  the  country  home  of 
Daniel  Webster,  and  his  tomb  with  the  epitaph  dictated  by 
Webster  himself.  We  are  now  in  close  proximity  to  the  old 
Plymouth  settlement,  and  find  many  interesting  historical 
landmarks.  In  Duxbury  are  the  supposed  burial-places  of  Myles 
Standish  and  of  Elder  Brewster  and  the  Aldens. 

Plymouth  is  reached  by  train  from  the  South  Station. 
WThen  the  reader  visits  this  ancient  town,  the  first  perma- 
nent settlement  in  New  England,  let  him  reverently  honor 
those  who  in  1620  landed  here  and  fought  a  desperate  but 
winning  fight  against  disease,  great  privations  and  hardships, 
that  they  might  worship  God  according  to  their  own  beliefs. 

The  Bradford  Manuscript,  on  exhibition  in  the  State  Library 
at  the  State  House  in  Boston,  gives  a  detailed  and  graphic  ac- 
count of  the  early  years  of  the  settlement.  Copies  of  this  have 
been  made,  and  may  be  purchased  for  a  dollar. 

Close  to  the  water's  edge  by  Pilgrim  Wharf  is  the  famous 

Plymouth  Rock,  protected 
by  a  granite  canopy.  In 
the  canopy  are  the  re- 
mains of  some  of  the  set- 
tlers who  died  during  the 
first  winter  of  the  colony' s 
existence.  Towards  the 
centre  of  the  town  is  Pil- 
grim Hall,  the  repository 
of  the  Pilgrim  antiquities. 
Here  are  the  Elder  Brewster  and  Governor  Carver  chairs,  the 
Peregrine  WThite  cradle,  the  sword  of  Myles  Standish,  and  many 
other  objects  of  interest.  Across  the  street  is  the  County  Court 
House,  where  the  original  records,  deeds  and  wills  of  the  Pil- 
grims are  preserved,  and  can  be  seen. 

The  small  park  overlooking  the  harbor  is  on  Cole's  Hill, 

and  marks  the  site  of  the  first  houses.  Here,  too,  were  buried 

in  unmarked  graves  those  who  died  during  that  first  awful 

winter.  Here  are  the  very  words  of  Bradford,  written  in  1620: 

"  But  that  which  was  most  sadd  and  lamentable  was,  that 


PLYMOUTH  ROCK 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  149 

in  2  or  3  months  time  halfe  of  their  company  dyed,  espetialy 
in  Jan.  and  February,  being  ye  depth  of  winter,  and  wanting 
houses  and  other  comforts;  being  infected  with  ye  scurvie  and 
other  diseases,  which  this  long  viooge  and  their  inacomodate 
condition  had  brought  upon  them :  so  as  there  dyed  some  times 
2  or  3  of  a  daye  in  ye  foresaid  time:  that  of  100  and  odd  per- 
sons scarce  50  remained." 

In  the  quaint  spelling  of  the  time,  he  describes  how  the  six 
or  seven  well  and  sound  persons  administered  unto  the  sick, 
"spared  no  pains,  night  or  day,  but  with  abundance  of  toyle 
and  hazard  of  their  own  health,  fetched  them  woode,  made 
them  fires,  drest  them  meat,  made  their  beads,  washed  their 
lothsome  cloaths,  cloathed  and  uncloathed  them. — Tow  of 
these  7  were  Mr.  William  Brewster,  their  reverend  elder,  and 
Myles  Standish,  their  captain  and  military  comander.  —  And  I 
doute  not  but  their  recompence  is  with  ye  Lord." 

Leyden  Street  leads  to  Burial  Hill,  where  are  many  graves 
of  the  early  settlers,  among  them  those  of  Governor  Bradford 
and  John  Howland.  Here  were  the  first  forts  for  protection 
against  the  Indians.  South  of  Burial  Hill  is  Watson's  Hill,  where, 
in  March  of  1620,  the  Indian  Samoset  "came  loudly  amongst 
them,  and  spoke  to  them  in  broken  English,  which  they  could 
well  understand,  but  marvelled  at  it."  A  few  days  later  he  ap- 
peared again  with  Squanto  and  the  great  Sachem  Massasoit, 
and  from  this  meeting  resulted  a  compact  of  peace  which 
Bradford  mentions  as  existing  twenty-four  years  later. 

At  the  extreme  north  of  the  town  is  the  National  Monument 
to  the  forefathers,  built  on  a  hill,  commanding  a  fine  view  of  the 
harbor  and  town. 

Beyond  Plymouth  are  the  cape  towns,  well  known  summer 
resorts.  At  the  end  of  Cape  Cod  is  Provincetown,  prominent  as 
Gloucester  in  the  fishing  industries  of  Massachusetts.  It  is  a 
quaint  old  town,  with  a  large  Portuguese  settlement.  Towards 
the  ocean  side  are  the  great  sand  dunes,  Highland  Light,  and 
numerous  life-saving  stations.  The  waters  of  the  cape  are  very 
dangerous,  with  strong  currents  and  many  sand  shoals,  lashed 
by  frequent  gales.  The  trip  to  Provincetown  and  return  is  best 
made  by  steamer,  a  most  delightful  sail  in  good  weather. 


LEXINGTON  AND  CONCORD 


LEXINGTON  is  twelve  miles  from  Boston  on  the  Boston 
&  Maine  Railroad,  and  divides  with  Concord  the 
^  honors  of  the  opening  scene  of  the  Revolution. 
April  19/1775;  the  British  marched  to  destroy  the  military 
stores  gathered  by  the  American  forces  at  Concord.  They  passed 
through  Arlington  and  East  Lexington,  where  there  are  several 
interesting  tablets  commemorating  events  of  the  day,  and  en- 
tered Lexington,  to  meet  their  first  resistance. 

Now  a  town  of  four  thousand  inhabitants,  in  1775  not  more 

than  eight  hundred  people  lived  here.  At  least  ten  of  the 

houses  in  existence  then  still  survive,  and  are  marked  by  tablets. 

The  interest  in   Lexington   centres   round  the    Common, 

where  the  plucky  minute- 
men  took  their  stand 
against  more  than  eight 
times  their  number.  A 
boulder,  marking  the  line 
of  battle,  is  inscribed  with 
Captain  Parker's  instruc- 
tion to  his  men:  "Stand 
your  ground.  Don't  fire 
unless  fired  upon;  but  if 
they  mean  to  have  a  war, 
let  it  begin  here." 

Not  far  off  is  the  Buck- 
man  Tavern,  where  the 
minute-men  gathered  on 
the  morning  of  the  bat- 
tle, and  farther  south,  on  a 
little  hill,  is  the  belfry  in 
which  hung  the  bell  that 
summoned  them. 

At  the  east  end  of  the 
Common  stands  a  beautiful 


STATUE  OF  CAPTAIN  JOHN  PARKER 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


151 


statue  of  Captain  John  Parker,  by  Kitson,  one  of  the  most  sat- 
isfactory of  the  monuments  about  Boston. 

In  1 799  there  was  erected  on  the  west  side  of  the  Common 
a  granite  memorial  to  the  men  killed  in  the  battle  of  Lexing- 
ton. Their  bodies  lie  in  a  tomb  at  its  base. 

Across  the  street  and  behind  the  church,  one  finds  the  old 
burying-ground  of  the  town.  Another  place  of  great  interest 
is      the      Hancock-Clark  ' "  ,  - 

house  on  Hancock  Street, 
where  Samuel  Adams  and 
John  Hancock  were  sleep- 
ing when  roused  by  Paul 
Revere.  This  house  con- 
tains nearly  all  the  rich 
collection  of  the  Lexing- 
ton Historical  Society. 
Other  interesting  places 
in  Lexington  are  marked 
by  tablets  with  historical 
data,  and  on  the  road  to 
Concord,  which  the  British 
travelled,  there  are  two  or 
three  other  places  of  in- 
terest. 

Entering  Concord,  and 
passing  for  the  time  the 
literary  landmarks,  one 
comes  to  Monument  Sq.,  n.  l.  stebbim,  Photo. 
a  short  distance  from  the 
Boston  and  Maine  Rail- 
road station.  Just  before 
it  is  reached,  one  sees  the 
Wright  Tavern,  built  in  1747.  Here  the  British  commander, 
Major  Pitcairn,  as  he  stirred  his  brandy,  boasted  he  would  stir 
the  blood  of  the  Yankee  rebels.  From  the  hill  nearly  opposite, 
Pitcairn  watched  the  battle  at  the  bridge. 

From  the  Square,  a  sign  points  the  way  up  Monument  Street 


MINUTE-MAN,  CONCORD 

By  the  rude  bridge  that  arched  the  flood., 
Their  flag  to  April's  breeze  unfurled, 

Here  once  the  embattled  farmers  stood, 
And  fired  the  shot  heard  round  the  world. 


152  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

to  the  Battle-Ground.  Turning  into  a  lane,  with  dark  pines  on 
either  side,  one  comes  to  the  monument  which  marks  the  site 
of  the  conflict.  The  setting  is  particularly  impressive,  and  as  he 
crosses  "the  rude  bridge  that  arched  the  flood/'  looks  at 
French's  statue  of  the  brave  young  minute-man,  and  reads  the 
inscription  on  the  monument,  no  American  can  fail  to  be  moved. 
Following  the  retreat  of  the  British  a  mile  or  so  on  the  Lex- 
ington road,  to  Merriam's  Corners,  one  sees  the  place  where 
the  enemy  were  attacked  by  the  farmers  and  townspeople,  and 
fled  in  confusion. 

Concord  is  rich  in  literary  associations.  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson 
lived  here  for  many  years,  and  died  here.  Nathaniel  Hawthorne, 
Henry  Thoreau,  the  Alcotts  and  the  Hoar  family  all  lived  here. 
Frank  B.  Sanborn,  antislavery  man  and  author,  still  lives  in  the 
town. 

Starting  again  from  the  Common  and  going  up  Lexington 
road,  one  sees  first  the  beautiful 
Unitarian  Church, built  on  the  same 
lines  as  the  former  church,  which 
was  destroyed  by  fire  a  few  years 
ago.  In  a  still  older  church,  on  the 
same  site,  the  Provincial  Congress 
met  in  1774. 

wright  tavern  Across  the  street,  a  little  way  be- 

yond, is  the  house  of  the  Concord  Antiquarian  Society,  and  far- 
ther on  the  right  is  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson  s  house,  still  occupied 
by  his  daughter.  About  a  half  mile  farther,  on  the  left,  is  a  brown 
house  with  a  curious  building  on  one  side.  This  is  the  "Orchard 
House,"  one  of  the  homes  of  the  Alcotts,  and  in  the  little  build- 
ing the  "Concord  School  of  Philosophy"  met.  The  "Wayside," 
just  beyond,  was  at  different  times  the  home  of  the  Alcotts 
and  Hawthorne.  The  next  house  to  the  Wayside  is  the  home 
of  Ephraim  Bull,  who  developed  from  the  wild  grape  the  de- 
licious and  widely  cultivated  Concord  grape. 

Returning  to  the  Square,  one  sees  on  the  left  the  Hillside 
Burying-Ground,  old  and  quaint,  but  not  equalling  in  interest 
the  beautiful  Sleepy  Hollow  Cemetery,   where   rest  Emerson* 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  153 

Hawthorne,  Thoreau,  Louisa  Alcott  and  her  father,  and  many 
members  of  the  distinguished  Hoar  family. 

Many  other  places  in  Concord  are  worth  seeing,  —  The  Old 
Manse,  the  Public  Library  and  Peter  Bulkeley's  house  among 
them.  The  village  has  been  called  the  most  interesting  one  in 
America,  and  its  natural  beauties  of  meadow  and  river  and 
peaceful  village  streets  would  alone  justify  a  visit. 


POINTS  OF  INTEREST  REACHED  BY  THE 
BOSTON  ELEVATED  RAILWAY 

BOSTON  is  noted  for  the  excellence,  comprehensiveness 
and  cheapness  of  its  street-car  service.  The  elevated, 
subway  and  substantially  all  of  the  surface  lines  in 
Boston  and  the  nearer  suburbs  are  operated  by  one  company, — 
the  Boston  Elevated  Railway  Company.  The  fare  is  five  cents, 
and  free  transfers  are  given  between  surface,  elevated  and  sub- 
way lines  at  convenient  transfer  stations,  so  that  it  is  seldom 
necessary  to  pay  more  than  a  single  five-cent  fare  to  ride  from 
any  point  to  any  other  point  in  this  company's  territory  of 
about  one  hundred  square  miles. 

Conductors  and  other  employees  will  be  found  very  courteous 
in  directing  strangers  as  to  the  best  way  of  reaching  any  de- 
sired point  of  interest.  It  is  wise  for  those  who  are  not  famil- 
iar with  the  system  to  ask  surface-car  conductors  at  the  time 
fares  are  paid  if  transfer  checks  are  required  in  order  to  reach 
the  point  of  destination,  as  transfer  checks  are  issued  in  some 
cases  only  by  conductors  when  fares  are  collected. 

Boston  is  the  only  city  in  the  world  in  which  surface,  un- 
derground and  overhead  lines  are  operated  by  a  single  com- 
pany. The  Tremont  Street  Subway  was  the  first  subway  to  be 
built  in  this  country.  The  East  Boston  Tunnel  is  built  under  a 
portion  of  Boston  Harbor,  and  connects  the  central  business 
district  with  an  important  section  of  the  city. 

The  elevated  trains  supply  the  principal  transit  facilities 
north  and  south  through  the  congested  portion  of  the  city. 
The  Tremont  Street  Subway  is  equipped  with  through  north 
and  south  tracks  used  by  the  elevated  trains,  and  two  loop 
tracks  used  by  surface  cars.  One  of  these  loops  is  used  by  sur- 
face cars  running  to  points  principally  to  the  west  and  south, 
and  the  other  is  used  by  surface  cars  running  to  northern  and 
western  points. 

An  elevated  line,  called  the  Atlantic  Avenue  circuit,  runs 
along  the  water-front,  and  is  served  by  trains  running  to  all 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  155 

elevated  and  subway  stations. 

The  company  operates  nearly  four  hundred  and  fifty  miles 
of  track  and  runs  about  thirty-five  hundred  cars.  The  cars  are 
clean,  comfortable  and  modern.  The  most  enjoyable  as  well 
as  the  cheapest  means  of  going  about  the  city  is  by  street  car. 
The  number  of  attractive  trolley  trips  for  pleasure  and  sight- 
seeing is  very  great.  The  park  system  of  Boston  and  the  Metro- 
politan district  serves  both  for  instruction  and  recreation.  A 
few  of  the  many  points  of  interest  that  members  should  visit 
are  given  in  the  following  brief  list  which  includes  only  a 
small  fraction  of  what  Boston  offers. 

Maps  of  the  street-car  system  showing  connections  and 
routes  will  be  found  at  all  elevated  and  subway  stations. 

Visitors  will  do  well  to  provide  themselves  with  some  one  or 
more  of  the  excellent  trolley-trip  guide-books  which  can  be 
obtained  at  book-stores  and  news-stands. 

Near  Park  Street  Subway  Station,  reached  by  elevated  train, 
or  Park  Street  Subway  surface  cars. 

Boston  Common 

State  House 

King's  Chapel 

King's  Chapel  Burying-Ground 

Granary  Burying-Ground 

New  England  Historic  Genealogical  Society 
Near  Scollay  Square  and  Adams  Square  Subway  Stations, 
reached  by  elevated  train,  or  Washington  Street  or  Adams  Square 
surface  cars. 

Faneuil  Hall 

Old  State  House 

Stock  Exchange 

Old  South  Church 

Quincy  Market 

Court  House 

Boston  University 
Near  Battery  Street  Elevated  Station,  reached  by  Atlantic 
Avenue  elevated  train,  or  East  Boston  Ferry  surface  cars. 

Christ  Church 


156  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

Paul  Revere' s  House 

Copp's  Hill  Burying-Ground 
Back  Bay,  reached  by  Park  Street  Subway  surface  cars. 

Public  Garden 

Boston  Public  Library 

Art  Museum 

Trinity  Church 

Museum  of  Natural  History 

Harvard  Medical  School,  present  building  and  new  build- 
ings 

Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy 

Symphony  Hall 

Horticultural  Hall 

Children's  Hospital 

Tufts  College  Medical  and  Dental  School 

Boston  Medical  Library 

New  England  Conservatory  of  Music 
West  End,  reached  by  West  End  surface  cars  from  Copley  Square, 
or  by  transfer  from  elevated  train  at  Pleasant  Street  Subway  to 
Clarendon  Hill  surface  cars. 

Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital 

Harvard  Dental  School 
South  End,  reached  by  Washington  Street  surface  cars.  Leave  at 
East  Concord  Street. 

Boston  City  Hospital 

Massachusetts  Homeopathic  Hospital 

Boston  University  Medical  School 
South  Boston,  reached  by  City  Point  surface  cars. 

Carney  Hospital 

Dorchester  Heights 

Perkins  Institution  for  the  Blind 

Marine  Park 
Charlestown,  reached  by  Bunker  Hill  surface  cars  from  Washing- 
ton Street,  or  by  transfer  from  the  elevated  at  City  Square. 

Bunker  Hill  Monument 

United  States  Navy  Yard 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  157 

Cambridge,  reached  by  Harvard  Square  surface  cars  from  Park 
Street  Subway  or  from  Bowdoin  Square. 

Harvard  University 

Washington  Elm 

Longfellow  House 

Lowell  House 

Mt.  Auburn  Cemetery 
Somerville,  Medford,  Malden,  reached  by  surface  cars  from 
the  Sullivan  Square  Elevated  Terminal. 

Prospect  Hill 

Old  Powder  House 

Tufts  College 

Roy  all  House 

Craddock  House 

Middlesex  Fells 
Dorchester,  Roxbury,  reached  by  surface  cars  from  the  Dudley 
Street  Elevated  Terminal. 

Franklin  Park 

Meeting-House  Hill 

Old  Burying-Ground 

Roxbury  High  Fort 

Parting  Stone 


SOME  BOSTON  CHURCHES 

Arlington  Street  Church  (Congregational  Unitarian),  Arlington 
and  Boylston  streets. 

Barnard  Memorial  (Congregational  Unitarian),  10  Warrenton 
Street. 

Berkeley  Temple  (Congregational  Trinitarian),  Berkeley  Street 
and  Warren  Avenue. 

Boston  Society  of  the  New  Jerusalem  Church,  New  Church 
(Swedenborgian),  136  Bowdoin  Street. 

Bulfinch  Place  Church  (Congregational  Unitarian),  Bulfinch 
Place. 

Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross  (Roman  Catholic),  Washington  and 
Maiden  streets. 

Central  Church  (Congregational  Trinitarian), Berkeley  and  New- 
bury streets. 

Christ  Church  (Protestant  Episcopal),  Salem  Street,  North  End. 

Church  of  Our  Lady  of  Perpetual  Help  (Roman  Catholic), 
1545  Tremont  Street,  Roxbury. 

Church  of  the  Advent  (Protestant  Episcopal),  30  Brimmer  Street. 

Church  of  the  Disciples  (Congi^egational  Unitarian),  Peter- 
borough and  Jersey  streets. 

Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  (German  Roman  Catholic),  140  Shaw- 
mut  Avenue. 

Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception  (Roman  Catholic),  Harri- 
son Avenue  and  East  Concord  Street. 

Church  of  the  Messiah  (Protestant  Episcopal),  St.  Stephen  and 
Gainsborough  streets. 

Clarendon  Street  Church  (Baptist),  Clarendon  and  Montgomery 
streets. 

Emanuel  Church  (Protestant  Episcopal),  15  Newbury  Street. 

First  Baptist  Church,  Clarendon  Street  and  Commonwealth 
Avenue. 

First  Church  (Methodist  Episcopal),  Temple  Street. 

First  Church  in  Boston  (Congregational  Unitarian),  Marlborough 
and  Berkeley  streets. 


GUIDE  TO  BOSTON  159 

First  Church  of  Christ  Scientist,  Falmouth  and  Norway  streets. 

First  Parish  in  Dorchester  {Congregational  Unitarian),  Meeting- 
house Hill,  Dorchester. 

First  Presbyterian  Church,  Berkeley  Street  and  Columbus 
Avenue. 

First  Religious  Society  (Congregational  Unitarian),  Eliot  Square, 
Roxbury, 

First  Spiritual  Temple  (Spiritualist),  Newbury  and  Exeter 
streets. 

Friends'  Meeting-House,  210  Townsend  Street,  Roxbury. 

King's  Chapel  {Congregational  Unitarian),  Tremont  and  School 
streets. 

Mt.  Vernon  Church  (Congregational  Trinitarian),  Beacon  Street 
and  Massachusetts  Avenue. 

Notre  Dame  des  Victoires  (French  Roman  Catholic),  25  Isa- 
bella Street. 

Ohabei  Sholom  (Jewish),  1 1  Union  Park  Street. 

Old  South  Church  (Congregational  Trinitarian),  Dartmouth  and 
Boylston  streets. 

Park  Street  Church  (Congregational  Trinitarian),  Tremont  and 
Park  streets. 

Parker  Memorial  (Congregational  Unitarian),  1 1  Appleton  Street. 

People's  Temple  (Methodist  Episcopal),  Columbus  Avenue  and 
Berkeley  Street. 

Ruggles  Street  Baptist  Church,  1 63  Ruggles  Street,  Roxbury. 

St.  John  the  Evangelist  (Protestant  Episcopal),  Bowdoin  Street. 

St.  Leonard's  of  Port  Morris  (Italian  Roman  Catholic),  Prince 
Street. 

St.  Paul's  Church  (Protestant  Episcopal),  136  Tremont  Street. 

Second  Church  (Congregational  Unitarian),  Copley  Square. 

Second  Universalist  Church,  Columbus  Avenue  and  Clarendon 
Street. 

Shawmut  Church  (Congregational  Trinitarian),  Tremont  and 
Brookline  streets. 

South  Congregational  Church  (Congregational  Unitarian),  New- 
bury and  Exeter  streets. 

Tabernacle  Baptist  Church,  Bowdoin  Square. 


160  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

Tremont  Street  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  Tremont  and 

West  Concord  streets. 
Trinity  Church  (Protestant  Episcopal),  Copley  Square. 
Union    Church    (Congregational    Trinitarian),    485     Columbus 

Avenue. 
Warren  Avenue  Church  (Baptist),  Warren  Avenue  and  West 

Canton  Street. 


SOME  BOSTON  HOTELS 

Adams  House,  Washington  Street  near  Boylston  Street :  Euro- 
pean plan,  $1.50  to  $5.00. 

American  House,  Hanover  Street  near  Elm  Street:  European 
plan,  $1.50;  2  persons  in  a  room,  $2.00. 

Bellevue,  Beacon  Street  near  Somerset  Street :  European  plan, 
$1.50  to  $3.00  and  upward. 

Brunswick,  Boylston  and  Clarendon  streets :  American  and  Eu- 
ropean plans, — American,  $4.00  and  upward;  European,  $1.50 
and  upward. 

Buckminster,  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Beacon  Street: 
American  and  European  plans,  —  American,  $4.00  per  day  ;  Eu- 
ropean, $2.00. 

Carlton  Chambers,  1138  Boylston  Street  near  Fenway:  Eu- 
ropean plan.  Single  rooms,  without  bath,  $1.50  per  day;  with 
bath,  $2.00.  Double  rooms,  without  bath,  $3.00  per  day;  with 
bath,  $4.00. 

Cecil,  Washington  Street  near  Boylston  Street :  European  plan. 
Single  rooms,  $1.00  and  upward;  for  2  persons,  $2.00  and  up- 
ward. 

Clarendon,  Tremont  Street  near  Clarendon  Street:  European 
plan,  $1.00  and  upward. 

Commonwealth  Chambers,  Bowdoin  Street,  West  End :  Eu- 
ropean plan,  $1.00  and  upward. 

Copley  Square,  Huntington  Avenue  and  Exeter  Street:  Eu- 
ropean plan,  $1.00  and  upward. 

Crawford  House,  Court  and  Brattle  streets  in  Scollay  Square : 
European  plan,  $1.00;  2  persons  in  a  room,  $2.00. 

Essex,  Dewey  Square,  opposite  South  Station :  European  plan, 
$1.50  and  upward. 

Hemenway  Chambers,  Westland  Avenue,  near  Fenway,  Back 
Bay:  European  plan.  Single  rooms,  with  bath,  $1.50  to  $3.00 
per  day.  Double  rooms,  with  bath,  $2.50  and  $4.50.  Three 
rooms,  with  bath,  $4.00  and  upward. 

Langham,  Washington  and  Worcester  streets  in  the  South 


162  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

End :  American  and  European  plans , —  American,  $2.00  and  up- 
ward; European  $1.00  and  upward. 

Lenox, Boylston and  Exeter  streets  -.European, $1.50  andupward. 

Lexington,  13  Boylston  Street  near  Washington  Street:  Eu- 
ropean plan.  Single  rooms,  $1.50  to  $2.00  joe?'  day;  for  2  per- 
sons, $2.50  to  $3.00. 

Norfolk  House,  Eliot  Square,  Roxbury:  American  plan,  $2.50 
and  upward. 

Nottingham,  Huntington  Avenue  and  Blagden  Street  (Copley 
Square):  European  plan,  $1.00  and  upward. 

Oxford,  Huntington  Avenue,  opposite  Exeter  Street:  Ameri- 
can and  European  plans , — American,  $2.50  and  upward;  Euro- 
pean, $1.00  and  upward. 

Parker  House,  School  and  Treraont  streets:  European  plan 
$1.50  and  upward. 

Quincy  House,  Brattle  Street  and  Brattle  Square:  American 
and  European  plans , — American,  $3.00  and  upward;  European, 
$1.00  and  upward. 

Revere  House,  Bowdoin  Square:  European  plan,  $1.00  and  up- 
ward. 

Somerset,  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Charlesgate  East,  Back 
Bay:  European  plan,  $2.50  and  upward. 

Thorn  dike,  Boylston  and  Church  streets,  opposite  Public  Gar- 
den entrance  to  Subway:  European  plan,  $1.00  and  upward. 

Touraine,  Boylston  and  Tremont  streets:  European  plan,  $3.00 
and  upward;  two  in  a  room  $4.00  and  upward. 

United  States  Hotel,  Beach,  Lincoln  and  Kingston  streets : 
American  and  European  plans, — American,  $2.50  and  upward; 
European,  $1.00. 

Vendome,  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Dartmouth  Street: 
American  plan ,  $5.00  and  upward. 

Victoria,  Dartmouth  and  Newbury  streets:  European  plan, $2.00 
and  upward. 

Westminster,  Copley  Square:  European  plan,  $1.50  and  upward. 

Young's,  Court  Street  and  Court  Square:  European  plan,  $1.50 
and  upward. 

The  rates  given  are  approximately  the  regular  rates. 


THEATRES 

The  Theatres  which  will  probably  be  open  during  the  week  oj 
June  Jf-9  are  marked  *.  The  daily  newspapers  should  be  consulted 
for  attractions. 

*  Boston,  Washington  Street  near  West  Street. 
*Bowdoin  Square,  Court  Street  near  Chardon  Street. 

*  Castle  Square,  Tremont  and  Chandler  streets. 
Colonial,  Boylston  Street  near  Tremont  Street. 

*  Empire,  Hamilton  Place  opposite  Park  Street  Church. 
Globe,  Washington  and  Beach  streets. 

Grand  Opera  House,  Washington  Street  just  south  of  Dover 
Street. 

Hollis  Street,  Hollis  Street  between  Washington  and  Tre- 
mont streets. 

*  Keith's,  Tremont  Street  opposite  Boylston  Street  Subway 

Exit. 

*  Majestic,  Tremont  Street  near  Boylston  Street. 
Park,  Washington  Street  near  Boylston  Street. 

*  Tremont,  Tremont  Street  opposite  Boylston  Street  Subway 

Exit. 


PLACES  OF  AMUSEMENT 

Norumbega  Park,  consisting  of  a  zoological  garden,  open-air 
theatre,  restaurant  and  boat-house,  is  in  the  township  of 
Newton  on  the  bank  of  the  Charles  River,  at  Riverside.  It 
is  reached  by  trolley  cars  from  the  Park  Street  station  of 
the  Subway. 

Lexington  Park,  between  Lexington  and  Bedford :  Zoological 
garden,  theatre  and  restaurant.  Trolley  cars  leave  Arlington 
Heights  every  fifteen  minutes,  connecting  with  cars  from  the 
Subway  (Park  Street). 

Revere  Beach:  Bathing,  amusement  enterprises,  "Wonder- 
land" and  ocean  view.  Boston,  Revere  Beach  and  Lynn 
Railroad  at  Rowe's  Wharf,  trains  every  fifteen  minutes.  Also 
trolley  cars  from  Scollay  Square,  or  Sullivan  Square  Terminal 
of  Elevated  Railroad. 

Nantasket  Beach:  Bathing,  ocean  view,  "Paragon  Park," 
shore  dinners.  N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.  South  Station  to 
Nantasket  Junction  and  thence  by  trolley ;  or  steamer  from 
Rowe's  Wharf;  or  direct  by  trolley  from  the  Dudley  Street 
Terminal. 

National  League  Baseball  Grounds,  Columbus  Avenue  and 
Cunard  Street,  South  End:  Any  trolley  cars  which  go  as 
far  as  Roxbury  Crossing,  via  either  Columbus  Avenue  or 
Tremont  Street. 

American  League  Baseball  Grounds,  Huntington  Avenue 
and  Bryant  Street,  Back  Bay:  Brookline  cars  from  the  Sub- 
way, except  Ipswich  Street  cars. 

Marine  Park,  South  Boston:  Restaurant,  view  of  harbor. 
City  Point  trolley  cars  leave  Park  Square  every  fifteen 
minutes;  also  from  the  North  and  South  stations  at  fre- 
quent intervals. 

Popular  Concerts,  Symphony  Hall,  Huntington  and  Massa- 
chusetts avenues,  8  p.m.  daily  except  Sunday. 


RESTAURANTS 

Hotel  Restaurants,  connected  with  all  the  hotels. 

Alt  Heidelberg,  Hotel  Plaza,  419  Columbus  Avenue. 

Bohemian  Cafe,  Hotel  Westminster,  Copley  Square. 

Burger  Brau,  12  Hay  ward  Place. 

Cook's,  31  Avon  Street. 

Crosby's,  19  School  Street. 

Dutch  Room,  Hotel  Touraine,  Tremont  and  Boylston  streets. 

English  Room,  Hotel  Thorndike,  opposite  Public  Garden. 

Flemish  Room,  Hotel  Lenox,  Boylston  and  Exeter  streets. 

The  Grapery,  Hotel  Lexington,  Boylston  and  Washington 

streets. 
Hotel  Italy  (Italian?),  North  Square. 
Marliave's,  11  Bosworth  Street. 
Marston's,  17  Hanover  Street,  also  121  Summer  Street  and 

564  Washington  Street. 
Mieusset's,  840  Washington  Street. 
Market  Restaurants,  about  Quincy  Market. 
New  England  Kitchen,  41  Charles  Street. 
North  Station,  Causeway  Street. 
Oak  Grove  Farm,  Boylston  and  Berkeley  streets. 
Piscopo  (Italian),  32  Fleet  Street. 
Rathskeller,  American  House,  56  Hanover  Street. 
Shooshan's  Cafe,  Checkering  Hall. 
Siegel's  Store,  Washington  and  Essex  streets. 
South  Station,  Dewey  Square. 
Thompson's  Spa,  219  Washington  Street.  Men  only. 
Wardwell's,  340  Washington  Street.  Men  only. 
Wirth,  Charles,  35  Essex  Street. 
Wtirth,  Jacob,  33  Eliot  Street. 
Winter  Place  Hotel,  1  Winter  Place 

and  many  others. 


LADIES'  RESTAURANTS 

English  Tea  Room,  156a  Tremont  Street. 

Laboratory  Kitchen,  50  Temple  Place. 

Marston's  Lunch  Room,  33  Hanover  Street. 

Preble's*  Tea  Room,  601  Boylston  Street. 

Weber's,  25  Temple  Place. 

Women's  Educational  and  Industrial  Union,  264  Boylston 

Street. 
Young  Women's  Christian  Association,  corner  of  Berkeley  and 

Appleton  streets. 


INDEXES 


INDEX  OF  HOSPITALS  AND  MEDICAL 
INSTITUTIONS 

The  chief  page  references  are  printed  in  dark  type. 


Adams  Nervine  Asylum,  129. 

Advanced  consumptives,  hospi- 
tals for,  124. 

Almshouse  on  Leverett  Street,  76. 

American  Medical  Association, 
when  organized,  78. 

Association  for  the  Relief  and 
Control  of  Tuberculosis,  123. 

Asylum  for  the  Insane  at  Dan- 
vers,  78. 

Asylums  for  the  insane  in  Massa- 
chusetts, 126,  127. 

xjaptist  Hospital,  New  England, 
123. 

Board  of  Registration,  in  Medi- 
cine, 67 ;  in  Pharmacy,  69. 

Boothby  Surgical  Hospital,  41. 

Boston  Association  for  the  Relief 
and  Control  of  Tuberculosis,  123. 

Boston  Board  of  Health,  123; 
laboratories,  64 ;  milk  and  vine- 
gar, 69. 

Boston  City  Hospital,  16 ;  descrip- 
tion, 41-49  ;  entrance,  41 ;  Con- 
valescent Home,  49;  Relief 
Station,  48 ;  South  Department, 
16,  47 ;  Nurses'  Home,  47. 

Boston  Dispensary,  37,  76. 

Boston  Floating  Hospital,  88,  no. 

Boston  Home  for  Incurables,  119. 

Boston  Insane  Hospital,  79,  126, 
127. 

Boston  Lying-in  Hospital,  78,  87 ; 
South  Branch,  38,  87. 

"Boston  Medical  and  Surgical 
Journal,"  77. 

Boston  Medical  Library,  16,  65. 


Boston  Society  for  Medical  Im- 
provement, 66. 

Boston  Quarantine  Hospital,  111. 

Boston  University  School  of  Medi- 
cine, 50. 

Boylston  Medical  Library,  76. 

Brookline  Board  of  Health  Hos- 
pital, 131. 

Cambridge  Hospital,  139. 

Carney  Hospital,  117. 

Channing  Home,  88,  124. 

Children's  Hospital,  15,  71;  con- 
valescent home,  71. 

Children's  Island  Sanatarium,  104. 

College  of  Pharmacy,  Massachu- 
setts, 69. 

Corey  Hill  Hospital,  130. 

Crippled  and  Deformed  Children, 
Industrial  School  for,  72. 

Cullis  Home,  124. 

Danvers  Insane  Asylum,  79. 

Day  Hospital  for  Consumptives, 
123. 

Deaconess  Hospital,  New  Eng- 
land, 41. 

Deer  Island  Hospital,  in,  134. 

Dipsomaniacs  and  Inebriates, 
Hospital  for,  126. 

Directory  for  Nurses,  66. 

-Cjpileptics,  hospital  for,  127. 

JD  aulkner  Hospital,  129. 
Feeble-Minded,  School  for  the,  127. 
Floating  Hospital,  Boston,  88,  no. 
Free    Home    for    Consumptives, 

119,  124. 
Free  Hospital  for  Women,  132. 


170 


INDEX  OF  HOSPITALS  AND 


Cjtood  Samaritan,  House  of  the, 
84 ;  old  location,  86. 

Harbor  hospitals,  111. 

Harvard  Dental  School,  98. 

Harvard  Medical  School :  history 
of,  74-84;  organized  as  a  dis- 
tinct department  of  Harvard 
University,  78  ;  first  degrees  in 
Medicine  conferred  by,  76 ;  de- 
gree in  Arts  or  Science  required 
for  admission,  81 ;  four-years' 
course  of  study  made  optional, 
80;  obligatory,  80;  Graduate 
School,  81 ;  new  arrangement  of 
subjects  taught,  81 ;  arrange- 
ment of  subjects  taught  in  first 
two  years,  81 ;  new  buildings, 
16,  68,  82;  present  buildings, 
64,  80 ;  Mason  Street  building, 
24,  77;  North  Grove  Street 
building,  78;  Summer  School,  80. 

Holmes  HaU,  66. 

Holy  Ghost  Hospital  for  Incur- 
ables, 135. 

Homeopathic  Medical  Dispen- 
sary, 49. 

House  of  Correction  Hospital, 
Deer  Island,  in,  124. 

House  of  the  Good  Samaritan,  84 ; 
old  location,  86. 

Industrial  School  for  Crippled 
and  Deformed  Children,  72. 

Infants'  Hospital,  88. 

Insane  Criminals,  State  Farm  for, 
126. 

Insane,  state  hospitals  for  the, 
126,  127. 

Institution  for  the  Blind,  Perkins,  78. 

.Laboratory,  Boston  Board  of 
Health,  64 ;  for  milk  and  vinegar, 
69. 

Long  Island  Hospital,  112,  124. 


Marine  Hospital,  United  States, 
115. 

Mason  Street  building  of  Harvard 
Medical  School,  24,  77. 

Massachusetts  Charitable  Eye  and 
Ear  Infirmary,  15,  78,  100. 

Massachusetts  College  of  Phar- 
macy, 69. 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital, 
15 ;  erection  of,  77  ;  entrance  to, 
88 ;  description  of,  88-97 ;  Con- 
valescent Home,  97  ;  McLean 
Hospital,  97;  Nurses'  Home,  95. 

Massachusetts  Homeopathic  Hos- 
pital, 50;  Medical  Dispensary, 
49. 

Massachusetts  Infant  Asylum, 
130. 

Massachusetts  Medical  College, 
77. 

Massachusetts  Medical  Society, 
67. 

Massachusetts  State  Board  of 
Health,  128. 

Massachusetts  State  Sanatorium, 
Rutland,  123. 

Maternity  Department  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Homeopathic  Hos- 
pital, 41. 

Medical  Baths,  65. 

Medical  Improvement  Society,  66. 

Memorial  Hospital  for  Infants, 
Thomas  Morgan  Rotch,  Jr.,  88. 

Morgues:  Boston  City  Hospital, 
46 ;  North  Grove  Street,  99. 

Naval  Hospital,  United  States, 
115. 

New  England  Baptist  Hospital, 
123. 

New  England  Deaconess  Hospi- 
tal, 41. 

New  England  Hospital  for  Wo- 
men and  Children,  127. 


MEDICAL  INSTITUTIONS 


171 


"New  England  Medical  Journal," 

77. 
Newton  Hospital,  133. 
North  Grove   Street  building  of 

Harvard  Medical  School,  78. 
Nurses,  Directory  for,  66. 

±  athological  laboratories  :  Bos- 
ton City  Hospital,  45;  Massa- 
chusetts General  Hospital,  80; 
Sears,  80.  [78. 

Perkins  Institution  for  the  Blind, 
Pharmacy,  State  Board  of  Regis- 
tration in,  69. 

C^UARANTINE,   Boston,   111. 

Kainsford  Island  House  of  Re- 
formation Hospital,  112. 

Registration,  State  Board  of,  in 
Medicine,  67;  in  Pharmacy,  69. 

Registry  for  Nurses,  66. 

Relief  Station,  Boston  City  Hos- 
pital, 14. 

St.  Elizabeth's  Hospital,  40. 

St.  Luke's  Home  for  Convales- 
cents, 122. 

St.  Margaret's  Hospital,  103. 

St.  Mary's  Infant  Asylum,  120. 

St.  Monica's  Home,  104. 

School  for  the  Feeble-Minded,  127. 

Sears  Pathological  Laboratory, 
80. 

Sharon  Sanatorium,  124. 

Smallpox  Hospital,  Boston,  50. 

South  Department,  Boston  City 
Hospital,  16,  47. 


State  Board  of  Health,  Massachu- 
setts, 128. 

State  Board  of  Registration,  in 
Medicine,  67  ;  in  Pharmacy,  69. 

State  Colony  for  the  Insane,  126. 

State  Farm  for  Insane  Criminals, 
126. 

State  Hospital  at  Tewksbury,  124. 

State  hospitals  for  the  insane, 
126,  127. 

Stillman  Infirmary,  139. 

Summer  School,  Harvard  Medical 
School,  80. 

1  ewksbury,  State  Hospital,  124. 

Thomas  Morgan  Rotch,  Jr.,  Me- 
morial Hospital  for  Infants,  88. 

Tremont  Dispensary,  74. 

Trinity  Dispensary,  86. 

Tuberculosis,  Provisions  for,  in 
Massachusetts,  123. 

Tufts  College  Medical  School,  15, 
73- 

U  nited  States  Marine  Hospital, 

115. 
United    States    Naval    Hospital, 

115. 

Vincent  Memorial  Hospital,  86. 

Waltham  Hospital,  133. 
Waltham    Training    School    for 

Nurses,  133. 
Warren  Anatomical  Museum,  78. 
Washingtonian  Home,  39. 
Women's  Charity  Club  Hospital, 

123. 


INDEX 


The  chief  page  references  are  printed  in  dark  type. 

Abbott,  Gilbert,  91. 

Adams  Academy,  146. 

Adams,   Charles  Francis,   home, 


146. 

Adams,  John,  birthplace  and 
home,  146. 

Adams,  John  Quincy,  site  of  man- 
sion, 24 ;  home,  146. 

Adams  Nervine  Asylum,  129. 

Adams,  "Sam," 6,  21;  statue,  31; 
at  Lexington,  151. 

Adams,  Seth,  129. 

Adams  Square,  31. 

Advanced  consumptives,  hospi- 
tals for,  124. 

Agassiz,  Louis,  11. 

Alcott,  Louisa  M.,  house  in  Bos- 
ton, 103 ;  in  Concord,  152;  burial- 
place,  152. 

Aldrich,  Thomas  Bailey,  home, 
102. 

Algonquin  Club,  56. 

Almshouse  on  Leverett  Street,  76. 

"America,"  first  sung,  22;  author 
of,  and  birthplace,  108. 

American  League  Baseball 
Grounds,  73. 

American  Medical  Association, 
when  organized,  78. 

Amusement,  places  of,  164. 

Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  23,  32. 

Ancient  Barricado,  34. 

Andrew,  Governor  John  A. ,  statue, 
28 ;  portrait,  32. 

Antitoxin  made,  129. 

Arlington  Street  Church,  58. 

Armory  of  First  Corps  of  Cadets, 
51. 


Army  and  Navy  Monument,  25 

Arnold  Arboretum,  128. 

Art  Club,  57. 

Art  Museum,  60. 

Asylum  for  the  Insane  at  Dan  vers, 
79. 

Asylums  for  the  insane,  126,  127. 

Athenaeum,  Boston,  28. 

Atlantic  Avenue,  14,  34. 

Attucks,  Crispus,  6;  monument, 
24. 

"Autocrat  of  the  Breakfast-Ta- 
ble," 25. 

Back  Bay,  2,  15,  36,  53. 

Ballard,  John,  7. 
Barricado,  Ancient,  34. 
Bartlett,  Enoch,  house,  119. 
Baseball      Grounds,      American 

League,  73;  National  League, 

51. 
Bay  Colonists,  1. 
Bay  State  Road,  55. 
Bigelow,  Dr.  Henry  J.,  78,  80,  91. 
Bigelow,  Dr.  Jacob,  77,  80,  91. 
Blackstone  Square,  39. 
Blackstone,   William,    1;  site  of 

house,  103. 
Beacon  Hill,  2. 
Beacon  Street,  15,  55. 
Beacon,  the,  on  Beacon  Hill,  27. 
Bell,  Alexander  Graham,  10. 
Bellingham,    Governor    Richard, 

21. 
Blue  Hills,  16,  27. 
Board  of  Registration,  in  Dentis- 
try,   99 ;  in    Medicine,    67 ;    in 

Pharmacy,  69. 
Boot  and  shoe  market,  Boston  a, 

11. 


INDEX 


173 


Boothby  Surgical  Hospital,  41. 

Boston  Association  for  the  Relief 
and  Control  of  Tuberculosis, 
123. 

Boston  Athenaeum,  28. 

Boston  Athletic  Association,  64. 

Boston  Basin,  8. 

Boston  Board  of  Health,  123;  lab- 
oratories, 64 ;  milk  and  vinegar, 
69. 

Boston  City  Hospital,  41-49 ;  Con- 
valescent Home,  49 ;  Relief  Sta- 
tion, 14,  48 ;  South  Department, 
47 ;  Nurses'  Home,  47. 

Boston  College  and  High  School, 
50. 

Boston  Common,  23. 

Boston  Dental  College,  73. 

Boston  Dispensary,  37,  76. 

Boston,  East,  3,  8,  116. 

Boston  Elevated  Railway,  17,  154. 

Boston  Female  Asylum,  38. 

Boston  founded,  1 ;  incorporated, 
8. 

Boston  Floating  Hospital,  88,  no. 

Boston  Home  for  Incurables,  119. 

Boston  in  Lincolnshire,  1,  7. 

Boston  Insane  Hospital,  79,  126, 
127. 

Boston  Latin  School,  51 ;  first  site, 
20. 

Boston  Library,  57. 

Boston  Lying-in  Hospital,  78,  87 ; 
South  Branch,  38,  87. 

Boston  Massacre,  6,  30,  34;  vic- 
tims' burial-place,  22. 

Boston  Medical  Library,  16,  65. 

"Boston  Medical  and  Surgical 
Journal,"  77. 

Boston  Museum,  30. 

Boston  Port  Bill,  6. 

Boston  Proper,  2. 

Boston  School  Committee  rooms, 
24. 


Boston  Society  for  Medical  Im- 
provement, 66. 

Boston  Society  of  Natural  His- 
tory, 58. 

Boston  Stock  Exchange,  34. 

Boston  Stone,  106. 

Boston  Symphony  Orchestra,  11, 
22,  71. 

Boston  Tea  Party,  6. 

Boston  Theatre,  24. 

Boston  University,  29 ;  School  of 
Medicine  (Homeopathic),  50. 

Boston  Water  Power  Company, 
53. 

Boston  Yacht  Club,  house  at  Mar- 
blehead,  142. 

Boston  &  Maine  Railroad,  13. 

Boston  &  Roxbury  Mill  Corpora- 
tion, 53,  55. 

Bostonian  Society,  34. 

Bowditch,  Dr.  Henry  Ingersoll, 
residence,  58,  80,  91, 

Bowditch,  Dr.  Henry  P.,  82. 

Bowditch,  Nathaniel,  11. 

Bowdoin,  Governor  James,  21. 

Boylston,  Ward  Nicholas,  76. 

Boylston,  Dr.  Zabdiel,  5. 

Boylston  Market,  24. 

Boylston  Medical  Library,  76. 

Bradford,  Governor,  burial-place, 
149. 

Bradford  Manuscript,  28,  148. 

Braintree,  8. 

Brattle  Square  Church,  8,  30. 

Breed's  Hill,  114. 

Breed's  Island,  116. 

Brewster,  Elder,  burial-place,  148. 

Brookline,  8,  130. 

Brookline  Board  of  Health  Hos- 
pital, 131. 

Brooks,  Rev.  Phillips,  residence, 
57. 

Brunswick  Hotel,  59. 

Buckman  Tavern,  Concord,  150. 


174 


INDEX 


Bulfinch,  Charles,  28,  32,  90,  98. 
Bulfinch  Front  of  State  House, 

28. 
Bunch  of  Grapes  Tavern,  34. 
Bunker  Hill,  6,  7,  17,  114. 
Burial  Hill  in  Plymouth,  149. 
Bussey  Institution,  128. 

Cadets,  First  Corps  of,  armory, 

51. 
Cambridge,  135. 
Cambridge  Bridge,  new,  101. 
Cambridge  Hospital,  139. 
Cambridge  Subway,  30. 
Camp  Hill,  East  Boston,  116. 
Cape  Ann,  140. 
Carney  Hospital,  117. 
Carver,  Governor,  chair,  148. 
Cass,  Colonel  Thomas,  statue,  54. 
Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross,  16, 

39- 

Catholic  Cemetery,  127. 

Causeway  Street,  14. 

Central  Church,  57. 

Central  or  Business  District,  18. 

Chadwick,  Dr.  James  R.,  66. 

Chamber  of  Commerce,  34. 

Channing,  Dr.  Walter,  77. 

Channing  Home,  88,  124. 

Channing,  W.  E.,  statue,  54. 

Charles  River,  2. 

Charles  River  Basin  Commission- 
ers, 101. 

Charles  River  Dam,  101. 

Charles  Street,  15. 

Charles  Street  Jail,  101. 

Charlesbank  Park,  101. 

Charlestown,  1,  2,  8,  113;  how 
reached,  156. 

Charlestown  Bridge,  113. 

Charlestown  Heights,  113. 

Chauncey,  Charles,  4. 

Chauncey  Hall  School  building, 
73. 

"Cheapside,"30. 


Chelsea,  8. 

Chelsea  Ferry,  105. 

Chestnut  Hill  Reservoir,  131. 

Chickering.Hall,  15,  70. 

Children's  Hospital,  15,  71. 

Children's  Island  Sanatarium,  104. 

Christ  Church,  7,  107,  155. 

Christ  Church  in  Cambridge,  137. 

Christian  Science  Church,  70. 

Church  of  the  Advent,  104. 

Church  of  the  Disciples,  69. 

Church  of  the  Immaculate  Con- 
ception, 54. 

Churches  of  Boston,  some,  158. 

City  Hall,  20. 

Clark-Frankland  mansion,  109. 

Clarke,  James  Freeman,  69. 

Codfish,  the  historic,  28. 

College  Club,  56. 

College  Hill,  Somerville,  17. 

College  of  Pharmacy,  Massachu- 
setts, 69. 

College  Yard,  the,  135. 

Colonial  prison,  site  of,  20. 

Colonel  Jeremiah  Lee  mansion, 
Marblehead,  141. 

Colonel  Robert  Gould  Shaw  Me- 
morial, 26. 

Columbus,  Christopher,  statue,  39. 

Commercial  Street,  14. 

Commonwealth  Avenue,  56. 

Commonwealth  Docks,  117. 

Concord,  151. 

Concord  Grape,  the,  where  de- 
veloped, 152. 

Concord  School  of  Philosophy, 
152. 

Conflagrations,  10. 

Congregational  House,  29. 

Conservatory  of  Music,  New  Eng- 
land, 15,  72. 

Constitution,  the,  where  built, 
110;  in  Navy  Yard,  113. 

Copley,  John  Singleton,  60. 


INDEX 


175 


Copley  Square,  13,  59. 

Copp's  Hill  Burying-Ground,  108, 
156. 

Copp's  Hill  gas  works,  9. 

Corinthian  Yacht  Club,  Marble- 
head,  142. 

Cornhill,  30. 

Cotton,  John,  21;  house,  29;  rec- 
tor, 60. 

Council  Chamber,  Old  State 
House,  33. 

County  Court  House,  29. 

Court  Chamber,  Old  State  House, 
33. 

Court  of  Assistants,  1,  113. 

"Cradle  of  Liberty,"  31. 

Craddock  House,  Medford,  157. 

Creek  Lane,  or  Square,  106. 

Crematories  in  Massachusetts, 
139. 

Crippled  Children,  Industrial 
School  for,  72. 

Cullis  Home,  the,  124,  126. 

Cross  streets  of  Back  Bay  appro- 
priately named,  54. 

Custom  House,  United  States,  34. 

-Danvers  Insane  Asylum,  79. 

D'Anville,  Admiral,  5. 

Day  Hospital  for  Consumptives, 

123. 
Daye,  Stephen,  first  printer,  137. 
Deer  Island,  111,  124. 
Derne   Street  reservoir,    site  of, 

27. 
Devens,  General  Charles,  statue, 

28. 
Dewey  Square,  14. 
Dexter,  Aaron,  75. 
Directory  for  Nurses,  66. 
Dispensary,  Boston,  37. 
Dock  Square,  31. 
"Doctors'  Row,"  56. 
Dorchester,  119. 


"Dorchester  Giant,  The,"  poem, 
121. 

Dorchester  Heights,  8,  16,  117. 

Doric  Hall,  28. 

Douglass,  William,  4. 

Drowne,  "Deacon"  Shem,  32. 

Dry  dock,  new,  114;  old  granite, 
114. 

Dudley,  Paul,  122 ;  milestone,  128. 

Dudley  Street  Terminal,  17,  125. 

Dudley,  Thomas,  founder  of  Cam- 
bridge, 137. 

Dudleys,  burial-places  of  the,  119. 

-Cjast  Boston,  3,  8,  116. 

East  Boston  Tunnel,  30,  116. 

Eastern  Yacht  Club,  Marblehead, 
142. 

Electric  telegraph,  first,  10. 

Eliot  Burying-Ground,  119. 

Eliot,  Charles  W.,  80. 

Eliot  Grammar  School,  107. 

Eliot,  John,  founder  of  school, 
128;  site  of  house,  125;  burial- 
place,  119. 

Ellis,  Dr.  Calvin,  80. 

Elysium  Club,  70. 

Emancipation  Group  of  statuary, 
51. 

Emanuel  Church,  57. 

Emerson,  Ralph,  Waldo,  11,  64; 
home  in  Roxbury,  126 ;  home  in 
Concord  and  burial-place,  152. 

English  High  School,  51. 

Ericson,  Leif,  statue,  56. 

Essex  Institute,  Salem,  143. 

Ether,  history  of,  90. 

Ether  Monument,  54. 

Eustis  Street  Burying-Ground, 
119. 

Evacuation  of  Boston  by  British, 
monument  commemorating, 
117. 

Everett,  Edward,  statue,  54. 


176 


INDEX 


Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary,  Massa- 
chusetts Charitable,  15,  78,  100 ; 
how  reached,  156. 

T  aneuil,  Benjamin,  128. 

Faneuil  Hall,  8,  31. 

Faneuil,  Peter,  burial-place,  21; 
portrait,  32;  residence,  31. 

Faulkner  Hospital,  129. 

Fenway  Court,  68. 

Ferry,  Charlestown,  2,  76. 

Fields,  James  T.,  house,  102. 

First  Baptist  Society,  31 ;  church, 
56;  meeting-house,  106. 

First  degrees  in  Medicine  con- 
ferred by  Harvard  Medical 
School,  76. 

First  electric  telegraph  line,  10. 

First  Episcopal  Church  in  Boston, 
20. 

First  Medical  Faculty  of  Harvard 
Medical  School,  77. 

First  Parish  Meeting-House,  Dor- 
chester, 119. 

First  Presbyterian  Church,  51. 

First  public  Latin  schoolhouse,  20. 

First  Quaker  Meeting-House,  30. 

First  railway  in  America,  10,  145. 

First  training  school  for  nurses  in 
America,  127. 

Fisher,  Dr.  John  D.,  91. 

Fishing  industry,  11. 

Ford  Memorial,  29. 

Fore  River  Works  at  Weymouth, 
146. 

Forest  Hills  Cemetery,  127. 

Forest  Hills  Crematory,  127. 

Fort  Hill,  2,  18;  in  Roxbury,  16. 

Fort  Hill  Square,  18. 

Fort  Point  Channel,  14. 

Fountain  Inn,  Well  of  the,  142. 

Frankland,  Sir  Harry,  140;  man- 
sion, 109. 

Franklin  Avenue,  30. 


Franklin,  Benjamin,  10;  birth- 
place, 19;  parents'  birthplace, 
28 ;  statue,  20. 

Franklin,  James,  printing  office, 
30. 

Franklin,  Josiah,  dwelling,  105; 
burial-place,  28. 

Franklin  Park,  126,  157. 

Franklin  Square,  39. 

Franklin  Square  House,  40. 

Franklin  Union,  10. 

Free  Home  for  Consumptives, 
119,  124. 

Free  Hospital  for  Women,  132. 

Frog  Lane,  53. 

Frog  Pond,  25. 

Fugitive  Slave  Riots,  20. 

(jage,  General,  7. 
Gallop  House,  108. 
Gallop's    Island,    108;    hospitals, 

111. 
Gallows  Hill  in  Salem,  142. 
Gardner,  Mrs.  John  L.,  residence 

and  museum,  68. 
Garrison,    William    Lloyd,     22; 

statue,  56. 
Gas  introduced,  9. 
Gerry,    Elbridge,    7;    birthplace, 

142. 
Girls'  High  School,  51. 
Girls'  Latin  School,  64. 
Girls'  Normal  School,  51. 
Glover,    General    John,     burial- 
place,  141 ;  statue,  56. 
Good   Samaritan,  House  of  the, 

34 ;  old  location,  86. 
Goodrich,  Samuel,  128. 
Gordon,  Rev.  G.  A.,  64. 
Gorges,  Robert,  1. 
Gorham,  Dr.  John,  77. 
Granary  Burying-Ground,  21. 
Grand   Staircase   Hall    in    State 

House,  28. 


INDEX 


177 


Grasshopper,      the     gilded,     on 

Faneuil  Hall,  32. 
Gray,  Asa,  11. 
Great  Cove,  2,  35. 
Great  Elm,  25. 
Great  Fire  of  1872,  18, 
Great  Hill,  or  Parker  Hill,  122. 
Green  Dragon  Tavern,  105. 
Greene,  General  Nathaniel,  128. 
Greenough  homestead,  128. 
Griffin's  Wharf,  6,  18. 
"Grotto"  in  Revere  House,  86. 

Hale,  Dr.  Enoch,  91. 

Hale,  Dr.  George,  78,  91. 

Hale,  Edward  Everett,  21,  58. 

Hall  of  the  Representatives,  Old 
State  House,  33. 

Hamilton,  Alexander,  statue,  56. 

Hancock-Clark  House,  Lexing- 
ton, 151. 

Hancock,  Ebenezer,  106. 

Hancock,  John,  21  ;  house,  26;  at 
Lexington,  151 ;  John,  senior, 
146, 

Harbor  hospitals,  111. 

Hartt,  Edmund,  burial-place,  108 ; 
shipyard,  110. 

Harvard  College,  2,  3. 

Harvard  Dental  School,  98;  how 
reached,  156. 

Harvard  Hall,  75,  135. 

Harvard,  John,  house,  1 13 ;  monu- 
ment, 113;  statue,  136. 

Harvard  Law  School,  136. 

Harvard  Medical  School,  history 
of,  74-84;  organized  as  a  dis- 
tinct department  of  Harvard 
University,  78 ;  first  degrees  in 
Medicine  conferred  by,  76 ;  de- 
gree in  Arts  or  Science  required 
for  admission,  81 ;  four-years' 
course  of  study  made  optional, 
80;    obligatory,    81;    Graduate 


School,  81 ;  new  arrangement  of 
subjects  taught  in  first  two  years, 
81 ;  new  buildings,  16,  68,  82  ; 
present  building,  64,  80 ;  Mason 
Street  building,  24,  77;  North 
Grove  Street  building,  78 ;  Sum- 
mer School,  80. 

Harvard  Square,  135. 

Harvard  Union,  136. 

Harvard- Yale  Football  Game,  138. 

Hawthorne,  Nathaniel,  1 1 ;  birth- 
place, 143 ;  house  in  Concord  and 
burial-place,  152 ;  room  in  Salem 
Custom  House,  143. 

Hay  ward,  Dr.  George,  78,  91. 

Hemenway  Gymnasium,  136. 

Hersey,  Dr.  Ezekiel,  74,  147. 

Highland  Light,  149. 

Hingham,  147. 

Historic  codfish,  the,  28. 

Historical  Sketch  of  Boston,  1. 

History  of  Plimoth  Plantation, 
28. 

Hoar,  family  home  in  Concord, 
152. 

Hoar,  Leonard,  4. 

Holden  Chapel,  75. 

Hollis  Hall,  135. 

Holmes,  Oliver  Wendell,  4,  11, 
37,91;  hall  named  for,  66;  homes, 
55,  58,  102 ;  last  lecture  on  Ana- 
tomy, 80;  Parkman  Professor 
of  Anatomy,  78 ;  work  on  puer- 
peral septicaemia,  79. 

Holy  Ghost  Hospital  for  Incura- 
bles, 135. 

Homans,  Dr.  John,  118. 

Home  for  Little  Wanderers,  51. 

Homeopathic  Medical  Dispen- 
sary, 49. 

Hooker,  General  Joseph,  statue 
23. 

Hopkins,  Richard,  3. 

Horticultural  Hall,  15,  71. 


178 


INDEX 


Hotel  Brunswick,  59. 

Hotels  of  Boston,  some,  161. 

House  of  Correction  Hospital,  in, 
124. 

House  of  the  Good  Samaritan, 
84;  old  location,  86,  124. 

House  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  122. 

How  to  Find  the  Way  about  the 
City,  12. 

Howard  Athenaeum,  29. 

Howe,  General,  7. 

Howe,  Julia  Ward,  home,  55. 

Howland,  John,  burial-place,  149. 

Hull,  John,  pasture,  108. 

Huntington  Avenue,  15. 

Huntington  Hall,  59. 

Hutchinson,  Anne,  4. 

Hutchinson,  Governor  Thomas, 
109. 

Hutchinson,  Lieutenant-Gover- 
nor, 31. 

Impressment  of  seamen,  5. 
Index  of  Hospitals  and  Medical 

Institutions,  167. 
Independence  Monument,  27. 
Industrial    School    for    Crippled 

and  Deformed  Children,  72. 
Infants'  Hospital,  88. 
Insane,    state   hospitals   for   the, 

126,  127. 
Insanity,  State  Board  of,  126. 
Institution  for  the  Blind,  78. 
Isabella  Stewart  Gardner  Museum 

of  Art,  68. 
Italian  Opera  first  production  in 

Boston,  29. 

Jackson,  Dr.  J.  B.  S.,  78,  91. 
Jackson,  Dr.  James,  67,  76,  88. 
Jamaica  Plain  and  West  Roxbury, 

128. 
Jamaica  Pond,  128. 
Jefferson,  President,  5. 
Jeffries,  Dr.  John,  7,  100. 


Jerusalem  Road,  147. 

Jewett,  Sarah  Orne,  house,  102. 

Jones,  Margaret,  4. 

Jordan  Hall,  15,  72. 

Julien,  M.,  25. 

King  Street,  33. 

Kings  Chapel,  20. . 

King's    Chapel  Burying-Ground, 

21. 
Knox,  General,  7. 

L  Street  Public  Bath,  118. 
Laboratories  of  Boston  Board  of 

Health,  64,  69. 
Ladies'  Restaurants,  166. 
Lafayette  Mall,  23;  Lafayette  at 

Bunker  HiU,  114. 
Latin  School,  first  site,  20. 
Lawley's  Shipyard,  117. 
Lawson,  Thomas  W. ,  country  seat, 

147 ;  town  residence,  55. 
Lee,  Colonel  Jeremiah,  mansion, 

141. 
Leverett,  Governor  John,  21. 
Lexington,  150. 
Lexington  Park,  164. 
Liberty  Hall,  25. 
Liberty  Tree,  24. 
Little  Sisters  of  the  Poor,  house, 

119. 
Lofty  landmarks,  16. 
"Log  of  the  Mayflower,"  28,  148. 
Long  Island  Hospital  and  Alms- 
house, 112,  124, 
"Long  Path,  The,"  25. 
Long  Wharf,  34. 
Longfellow,   Henry  Wadsworth, 

11. 
Longfellow  House,  138. 
Louis  XV,  5. 
Louisburg,  5,  7. 
Louisburg  Square,  103. 
Lowell  Institute,  the,  59. 
Lowell,  James  Russell,  11 ;  house, 

139. 


INDEX 


179 


Mann,  Horace,  School,  58;  sta- 
tue, 28. 

Marblehead,  141. 

Marine  Hospital,  76. 

Marine  Park,  118. 

Marlborough  Street,  55. 

Marshall's  Lane,  105. 

Masonic  Temple,  24. 

Massachusetts  Avenue,  16. 

Massachusetts  Charitable  Eye  and 
Ear  Infirmary,  15,  78,  100 ;  how 
reached,  156. 

Massachusetts  Charitable  Me- 
chanics Association,  69. 

Massachusetts  College  of  Phar- 
macy, 69. 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital, 
15,  88-97  >  Convalescent  Home, 
97 ;  how  reached,  156. 

Massachusetts  Hall  in  Cam- 
bridge, 135. 

Massachusetts  Historical  Society, 
65. 

Massachusetts  Homeopathic  Hos- 
pital, 50. 

Massachusetts  Infant  Asylum, 
130. 

Massachusetts  Institute  of  Tech- 
nology, 59. 

Massachusetts  Medical  College, 
77. 

Massachusetts  Medical  Society, 
67. 

Massachusetts  State  Board  of 
Health,  128. 

Massachusetts  State  Sanatorium, 
Rutland,  123. 

Massasoit,  sachem,  149. 

Maternity  Department  of  Massa- 
chusetts Homeopathic  Hos- 
pital, 41. 

Mather,  Cotton,  4,  64;  burial- 
place,  108 ;  church,  109. 

Mather,  Rev.  Increase,  home  and 


church,  site  of,  109;  burial- 
place,  108. 

Mather,  Richard,  burial-place, 
119. 

Mather,  Samuel,  burial-place, 
108 ;  church,  109. 

Maverick,  Samuel,  1,  3;  house, 
116. 

McLean  Hospital,  97. 

McLean,  John,  97. 

Mechanics  Building,  15,  69. 

Medical  Baths,  65. 

Medical  Examiner  System  in 
Massachusetts,  99. 

Meeting-house,  first,  site  of,  34. 

Meeting-House  Hill,  119,  157. 

Memorial  Hall  at  Cambridge,  17, 
136. 

Memorial  Hall  in  State  House,  28. 

Merriam's  Corner,  Concord,  152. 

Merrymount,  1,  145. 

Metropolitan  Park  System,  144. 

Metropolitan  Sewerage  System, 
112. 

Metropolitan  Water  Works,  10, 
131. 

Middlesex  Fells,  157. 

"Mill  Dam,  The,"  55. 

Minot's  Ledge  Lighthouse,  147. 

Minute-Man,  Concord,  151. 

Mission  Hill  and  Church,  122. 

Moon  Island,  112. 

Morgan  Chapel,  51. 

Morgue,  North  Grove  Street,  99. 

Morse,  S.  F.  B.,  10;  birthplace, 
113. 

Morton,  Thomas,  1,  145. 

Morton,  W.  T.  G.,  90. 

Mother  Church  of  Christian  Sci- 
ence, 70. 

Motley,  John  Lothrop,  23. 

Motor  busses  for  "Seeing  Bos- 
ton," 24. 

Moulton,  Louise  Chandler,  37. 


180 


INDEX 


Moulton's  Point,  113. 
Mt.  Auburn  Cemetery,  139. 
Mt.  Auburn  Crematory,  139. 
Mt.  Hope  Cemetery,  127. 
Mt.  Vernon  Church,  55. 
Muddy  River,  130. 
Murray's  Barracks,  30. 
Museum,  Boston,  30. 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  60. 
Music  Hall,  Boston,  22. 

Nantasket  Beach,  147. 

National  League  Baseball 
Grounds,  51. 

Natural  History  Society,  58. 

Navy  Yard,  113. 

"Neck,  The,"  36. 

Newbury  Street,  57. 

New  Church  Union,  57. 

New  England  Baptist  Hospital, 
123. 

New    England    Conservatory    of 
Music,  72. 

New  England  Deaconess  Hospi- 
tal, 41. 

New    England    Historic   Genea- 
logical Society,  29. 

New  England  Hospital  for  Women 
and  Children,  127. 

"New  England  Medical  Journal," 
77. 

New  Jerusalem  Church,  57. 

Newman,  Robert,  house,  108. 

New  "Old  South"  Church,  63. 

Newton  Hospital,  133. 

Niles  Building,  20. 

Noddle's  Island,  1,  116. 

Norfolk  House,  122, 

Normal  Art  School,  58. 

Normal   School   of   Gymnastics, 
59. 

North  Burial-Ground,  108. 

North  End  school,  the,  107. 

North  End,  The,  105. 

North  Shore,  The,  140. 


North  Square,  109. 

North  Station,  13. 

Norumbega  Park,  164. 

Nurses'  Home,  Boston  City  Hos- 
pital, 47. 

Nurses'  Home,  Massachusetts 
General  Hospital,  95. 

Odd  Fellows  Hall,  51. 

Old  Burying-Ground,  Dorchester, 

119,  157. 
Old     Central     Burying-Ground, 

24. 
Old  Corner  Book  Store,  19. 
Old  Court  House,  20. 
Old  Custom  House,  34. 
"Old  Ironsides,"  built,  110. 
"Old  Manse,  The,"  153. 
Old  North  Church,  site,  109. 
"Old  Oaken  Bucket,"  written  in 

Scituate,  147. 
Old   Powder  House,   Somerville, 

157. 
Old  South  Church,  6,  8,  19. 
Old  State  House,  33. 
Oldest  Episcopal  Church  in  New 

England,  141. 
Oldest  house  in  Roxbury,  125. 
Oldest  house  in  Salem,  143. 
O'Reilly,  John  Boyle,  statue,  65. 
Otis,  James,  6,  21,  32. 

x  addock  mansion,  site  of,  22. 
Paine,  Robert  Treat,  21. 
Palmer,  Edward,  3. 
Park  Street  Church,  22. 
Parker,  Captain  John,  150. 
Parker  House,  21. 
Parker,  or  Great  Hill,  15,  122. 
Parker,  Theodore,  22. 
Parkman,  George,  78. 
Parkman,  Dr.  Samuel,  91. 
Parkman  murder,  79. 
Parley,  Peter,  128. 
Parting  Stone,  122,  157. 


INDEX 


181 


Pathological  laboratories :  Bos- 
ton City  Hospital,  45;  Massa- 
chusetts General  Hospital,  80; 
Sears,  80. 

Pemberton  Square,  29. 

People's  Palace,  39. 

People's  Forum,  51. 

People's  Temple,  51. 

Perkins  Institution  for  the  Blind, 
78,  117. 

Phillips  Brooks  House  at  Cam- 
bridge, 136. 

Phillips,-  John,  21. 

Phillips,  Wendell,  32. 

Phipps  Street  Burying-Ground, 
Charlestown,  113. 

Pickering,  Timothy,  house,  143. 

Pilgrim  antiquities  in  Pilgrim 
Hall  at  Plymouth,  148. 

"Pilot,"  the,  65. 

Pitcairn,  Major,  place  of  death, 
107  ;  at  Concord,  151. 

Places  of  Amusement,  164. 

Plymouth,  1,  148. 

Plymouth  Rock,  148. 

Points  of  Interest  reached  by  the 
Boston  Elevated  Railway,  154. 

"Pops,"  the,  71. 

Popular  Concerts,  71. 

Popular  Education,  11. 

Pormont,  Philemon,  3. 

Post  Office,  Boston,  18. 

Prescott,  Colonel  William,  statue, 
114. 

Prescott,  W.  H.,  burial-place,  23. 

Prince  School,  58. 

Prospect  Hill,  Somerville,  157. 

Provincial  Congress,  meeting 
place,  152. 

Province  House,  7,  20. 

Public  Bath,  39,  118. 

Public  Garden,  53. 

Public  Library,  60. 


Putnam,  General  Isaac,  head- 
quarters, 135. 

Quaker  Meeting-House,  first,  30. 

Quarantine  hospitals.  111. 

Quincy,  1,  8,  145. 

Quincy  House,  30. 

Quincy,  Josiah,  mayor  of  Boston, 
23,  32. 

Quincy,  Josiah,  the  elder,  resi- 
dence, 23;  statue,  20. 

Quincy  mansion  in  Quincy,  146. 

Quincy  Market,  32. 

Ivadcliffe  College,  136. 

Railway,  first,  in  America,  10, 145. 

Rainsford  Island  House  of  Re- 
formation and  Hospital,  112. 

Randolph,  8. 

Registration,  State  Board  of,  in 
Dentistry,  99;  in  Medicine,  67; 
in  Pharmacy,  69. 

Relief  Station,  Boston  City  Hos- 
pital, 14,  48. 

Representatives'  Hall,  28. 

Restaurants,  165. 

Revere,  8. 

Revere  House,  87. 

Revere,  Paul,  6,   21,  69 ;  house, 

.   109,  156. 

Revolution,  American,  5. 

Reynolds,  Dr.  Edward,  100. 

Rhodes,  James  Ford,  residence, 
55. 

Rogers  Building,  59. 

Roger  Williams  House  in  Salem, 
143. 

Round  Marsh,  53. 

Roxbury,  2,  120. 

Roxbury  Free  School,  125. 

Roxbury  High  Fort,  122,  157. 

Roxbury  Latin  School,  125. 

Royall  House,  Medford,  157. 

Ruggles  Street  Baptist  Church,  51. 


182 


INDEX 


St.  Andrew's  Church,  86. 

St.  Botolph,  7. 

St.  Botolph,  Church  of,  60. 

St.  Botolph  Club,  57. 

St.  Elizabeth's  Hospital,  40. 

St.  Luke's  Home  for  Convales- 
cents, 122._ 

St.  Margaret's  Hospital,  103. 

St.  Mary's  Infant  Asylum,  120. 

St.  Michael's  Episcopal  Church, 
Marblehead,  141. 

St.  Monica's  Home,  104. 

St.  Paul's  Church,  23. 

St.  Stephen's  Episcopal  Church, 
39. 

St.  Vincent  de  Paul,  Sisters  of 
Charity,  117,  120. 

Salem,  1,  142. 

Sanborn,  Frank  B.,  home,  152. 

Scollay  Square,  13,  29. 

Scollay,  William,  site  of  house,  30. 

Second  Church,  64 ;  site  of  first 
and  second  meeting-houses,  109. 

Seeing  Boston,  electric  oars,  51; 
motor  busses,  24. 

Sentry  Hill,  2. 

Sewerage  system,  Boston's,  112. 

Sharon  Sanatorium,  124. 

Shattuck,  Dr.  George  C,  80. 

Shaw,  Major  Samuel,  burial-place, 
108. 

Shaw  Memorial,  26. 

Shawmut,  1. 

Siege  of  Boston,  7,  32,  50,  117, 
128. 

"Sign  of  the  Blue  Ball,  The,"  105. 

Simmons  College,  68;  dormitory, 
69. 

Sleepy  Hollow  Cemetery  in  Con- 
cord, the,  152. 

Smallpox,  Hospital,  50;  vaccina- 
tion for,  5 ;  inoculation  for,  4. 

Smith,  Rev.  Samuel  F.,  birthplace, 
108. 


Soldiers'  Field,  137. 

Some  Boston  Churches,  158. 

Some  Boston  Hotels,  161. 

South  Bay,  2,  12,  14,  36. 

South  Boston,  117. 

South  Cemetery,  40. 

South  Congregational  Church,  58. 

South  Department,  Boston  City 
Hospital,  16,  47. 

South  End,  The,  36. 

South  Shore,  The,  145. 

South  Station,  13,  14. 

Spiritual  Temple,  58. 

Spring  Lane,  1,  19. 

Springs  in  Boston,  early,  1,  9. 

Stadium,  the,  136,  138. 

Stamp  Act,  6. 

Stand  Pipe  on  Fort  Hill,  Roxbury, 
16,  122,  157. 

Standish,  Captain  Myles,  1 ;  bu- 
rial-place, 148 ;  sword,  143. 

State  Bath  House,  Nantasket 
Beach,  144 ;  Revere  Beach,  147. 

State  Board  of  Health,  Massa- 
chusetts, 128. 

State  Board  of  Insanity,  126. 

State  Board  of  Registration,  in 
Dentistry,  99 ;  in  Medicine,  67 ; 
in  Pharmacy,  69. 

State  hospitals  for  the  insane,  126, 
127. 

State  House,  16,  26. 

State  Library,  28. 

State  Prison,  76. 

State  Street,  6,  33. 

State  Street  Square,  33. 

Stillman  Infirmary,  139. 

Stoddard  house,  106. 

Storer,  Dr.  David  Humphreys,  80. 

Stoughton,  William,  Chief  Justice, 
burial-place,  119. 

Stuart,  Gilbert,  25. 

"Student  Quarter,"  37. 

Subway,  17. 


INDEX 


183 


Sullivan  Square  Terminal,  17, 113. 

Summer  Street,  14. 

Sumner,  Charles,  22,  32 ;  house, 

28 ;  statue,  54. 
"Surriage,  Agnes,"  novel  of,  109 ; 

poem,  140. 
Swimming  bath,  39, 
Symphony  Hall,  15,  23,  71. 

T  Wharf,  35. 

Telephone,  the,  in  Boston,  10. 

Tennis  and  Racquet  Club,  65. 

Tewksbury,  State  Hospital  at, 
124. 

Thatcher,  Rev.  Thomas,  21. 

Theatres,  163. 

"The  Long  Path,"  26. 

Thomas  Morgan  Rotch,  Jr.,  Me- 
morial Hospital  for  Infants,  88. 

Thoreau,  Henry  D.,  152. 

Tileston,  John,  house,  107. 

Touraine  Hotel,  24. 

Town  Granary,  site  of,  22. 

Town  Hill  in  Charlestown,  113. 

Town  House,  first,  33;  second, 
33. 

Town  Street  in  Roxbury,  122. 

Townsend,  Dr.  Solomon  D.,  91. 

Trade  schools,  69. 

Tremont  and  Park  streets,  junc- 
tion of,  a  centre,  12. 

Tremont  Dispensary,  74. 

Tremont  House,  site  of,  21. 

Tremont  Street,  15. 

Tremont  Temple,  21. 

Tri  mount,  1. 

Trinity  Church,  60 ;  rectory,  57. 

Trinity  Dispensary.  86. 

Tuberculosis,  Provisions  for,  in 
Massachusetts,  123. 

Tufts  College,  Somerville,  17,  157. 

Tufts  College  Medical  School,  15, 
73. 


Union  Church,  51. 

Unitarian  Building,  29. 

United  States  Marine  Hospital, 

115. 
United    States    Naval    Hospital, 

115. 
University  Club,  55. 

Vaccination,  5. 

Vaccine  made,  129. 

Vane,  Sir  Harry,  29. 

Vassal,  John,  138. 

Vendome,  Hotel,  56. 

Vincent  Memorial  Hospital,  86. 

v\  abash,  the  receiving  ship,  113. 
Wadsworth  House,  136. 
Walker  Building,  59. 
Waltham  Hospital,  133. 
Waltham    Training    School    for 

Nurses,  133. 
Warren  Anatomical  Museum,  78. 
Warren  Chambers,  58. 
Warren,  Dr.  J.  Collins,  83,  91. 
Warren,  Dr.  J.  Mason,  91 ;  resi- 
dence, 23. 
Warren,    Dr.    John,    founder   of 

Harvard   Medical   School,    75; 

death,  77 ;  residence,  20. 
Warren,  Dr.  John  Collins,  76,  77, 

88,  90,  128. 
Warren,  Dr.  Joseph,  6,  7  ;  oration 

in  Old  South  Church,  19 ;  statue, 

125. 
Warren  homestead,  the,  125. 
Warren,  Joseph,  125. 
Warren,  William,  29. 
Washington  Elm,  136. 
Washington,  General,  8 ;  portrait, 

32 ;  statue,  28,  54. 
Washington  Market,  49. 
Washington  Street,  15. 
Washingtonian  Home,  39. 
Waterhouse,  Dr.  Benjamin,  5,  75. 


184 


INDEX 


Watson's  Hill  in  Plymouth,  149. 

Webster,  Daniel,  10,  23,  32;  ora- 
tions at  Bunker  Hill,  114;  por- 
trait, 32 ;  residence,  148 ;  statue, 
28 ;  burial-place,  148. 

Webster,  Dr.  John  White,  78,  79, 
80. 

Wells  Memorial  Institute,  38. 

Wendell,  Judge  Oliver,  21. 

Westminster  Hotel,  60. 

White's  apothecary  shop,  76. 

White,  Peregrine,  cradle,  148. 

Whittier,  John  Greenleaf,  11. 

Winnisimmet  (Chelsea)  Ferry, 
105,  140. 

Winsor,  Justin,  residence,  40. 

Winter  Street,  14,  37. 

Winthrop,  Governor  John,  1,  21 ; 
first  house,  34 ;  statue,  56. 


Winthrop,  John,  Jr.,  4. 
Witch  House  in  Salem,  143. 
Witchcraft,  4,  25,  142. 
Women's  Charity  Club  Hospital, 

123. 
Wood,  William,  2. 
Wool  market,  Boston  a,  11. 
Wright  Tavern,  Concord,  151. 
Writs  of  Assistance,  6. 
Wyman,  Dr.  Jeffries,  80. 
Wyman,  Dr.  Morrill,  80. 

1  oung  Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion, 58. 
Young   Women's    Christian    As- 
sociation, 51. 
Youth's  Companion  Building,  51. 

^jackrewska,  Dr.  Marie,  127. 


ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OF  ADVERTISERS 


W.  D.  Allison  Company,  230. 

American  House,  210. 

Belmont  Spring  Water  Company, 
230. 

Boston  University  School  of  Medi- 
cine, 197. 

Brown  Brothers  &  Co.,  224. 

Hotel  Brunswick,  211. 

Burnham  Soluble  Iodine  Co. ,  203. 

City  Trust  Company,  219. 

Codman    &    Shurtleff,     Incorpo- 
rated, 203. 

Collins   &   Fairbanks    Company, 
212. 

Continental  Color  and  Chemical 
Co.,  207. 

Dailey's  Convalescent  Coach,  203. 

Dennison  Mfg.  Co.,  228. 

Detroit  College  of  Medicine,  195. 

F.  L.  Dunne,  215. 

Electro-Radiation  Company 
(Swett  &  Lewis  Company),  205. 

Electro  Surgical  Instrument  Co., 
207. 

Exhibit  Committee,  188-190. 

Fairchild  Bros.  &  Foster,  234. 

Ransom  B.  Fuller,  230. 

Thos.  F.  Galvin,  217. 

Gay  &  Sturgis,  220. 

W.  O.  Gay  &  Co.,  219. 

Hammond  Typewriter  Co.,  204. 

Harvard  Dental  School,  195. 

Harvard  Medical  School,  194. 

Harvey  Fisk  &  Sons,  218. 

Herrick,  210. 

Hewins  &  Hollis,  213. 

Paul  B.  Hoeber,  209. 

Horlick's  Malted  Milk  Company, 
inside  back  cover. 

Houghton,    Mifflin  &   Company, 


Jackson  Health  Resort,  199. 

Jones,  McDuffee  &  Stratton  Co., 
226. 

Joy  Line,  228. 

Hotel  Lenox,  211. 

Library  Bureau,  227. 

Andrew  J.  Lloyd  &  Co.,  202. 

Macalaster  &  Wiggin,  204. 

Mcintosh  Battery  &  Optical 
Co.,  208. 

McMillan  Brothers,  215. 

Dr.  Moody's  Sanitarium,  199. 

National  Union  Bank,  222. 

New  England  Mutual  Life  Insur- 
ance Company,  231. 

New  York  Post-Graduate  School 
and  Hospital,  196. 

Noyes  Bros.,  214. 

Parker  House,  211. 

Philadelphia  Polyclinic,  191. 

The  Chas.  H.  Phillips  Chemical 
Co.,  233. 

Pinkham  &  Smith  Company,  202. 

Wm.  H.  Richardson  Co.,  214. 

Richardson,  Wright  &  Co.,  198. 

E.  H.  Rollins  &  Sons,  225. 
Sampson-Soch  Co.,  207. 
Schering  &  Glatz,  209. 
Sorosis  Shoes,  200,  201. 

State  Mutual  Life  Assurance  Com- 
pany, 232. 
State  Street  Trust  Co.,  218. 
A.  Stowell  &  Co.,  Inc.,  217. 

F.  H.  Thomas  Company,  233. 
Hotel  Thorndike,  210. 
Hotel  Touraine,  211. 
Tucker,  Anthony  &  Co.,  221. 
Tufts  College  Dental  School,  193. 
Tufts  College  Medical  School,  192. 
Victor  Electric  Co.,  206. 
Samuel  Ward  Co.,  230. 


[  185 


LIST  OF  ADVERTISERS 

Springs    Sanitarium 


Waukesha 
199. 

Woman's  Medical  College  of  Penn- 
sylvania, 195. 


Wrenn  Bros.  &  Co.,  22 
Wright  &  Ditson,  216. 
Young's  Hotel,  211. 


CLASSIFIED  LIST  OF  ADVERTISERS 


Medical  and  Dental  Schools 

Boston  University  School  of  Med- 
icine, 197. 

Detroit  College  of  Medicine,  195. 

Harvard  Medical  School,  194. 

Harvard  Dental  School,  195. 

New  York  Post-Graduate  School 
and  Hospital,  196. 

Philadelphia  Polyclinic,  191. 

Tufts  Dental  School,  193. 

Tufts  Medical  School,  192. 

Woman's  Medical  College  of 
Pennsylvania,  195. 

Sanataria  and  Health  Resorts 
Jackson  Health  Resort,  199. 
Dr.  Moody's  Sanitarium,  199. 
Waukesha    Springs    Sanitarium, 
199. 

Medical  and  Surgical  Supplies 

W.  D.  Allison  Company,  230. 

Dailey's  Convalescent  Coach,  203. 

Codman  &  Shurtleff,  Incorpo- 
rated, 203. 

Electro-radiation  Company  (Swett 
&  Lewis  Company),  205. 

Electro  Surgical  Instrument  Co., 
207. 

Andrew  J.  Lloyd  &  Co.,  202. 

Macalaster  &  Wiggin,  204. 

Mcintosh  Battery  &  Optical  Co., 
208. 

Pinkham  &  Smith  Company,  202. 

Richardson,  Wright  &  Co.,  Hos- 
pital Furniture,  198. 


Sampson-Soch  Co.,  207. 

F.  H.  Thomas  Company,  233. 

Victor  Electric  Co.,  206. 

Drugs,    Medicines,    Foods    cy 

Waters 
Belmont  Spring  Water  Company, 

230. 
Burnham  Soluble  Iodine  Co.,  203. 
Continental  Color  and  Chemical 

Co.,  207. 
Fairchild  Bros.  &  Foster,  234. 
Horlick's  Malted  Milk  Company, 

inside  back  cover. 
The  Chas.  H.  Phillips  Chemical 

Co.,  233. 
Schering  &  Glatz,  209. 

Hotels 

American  House,  210. 
Hotel  Brunswick,  211. 
Hotel  Lenox,  211. 
Parker  House,  211. 
Hotel  Thorndike,  210. 
Hotel  Touraine,  211. 
Young's  Hotel,  211. 

Bankers  and  Brokers 
Brown  Brothers  &  Co.,  224. 
City  Trust  Company,  219. 
Harvey  Fisk  &  Sons,  218. 
W.  O.  Gay  &  Co.,  219. 
Gay  &  Sturgis,  220. 
National  Union  Bank,  222. 
E.  H.  Rollins  &  Sons,  225. 
State  Street  Trust  Co.,  218. 


LIST  OF  ADVERTISERS 


Tucker,  Anthony  &  Co.,  221. 
Wrenn  Bros.  &  Co.,  223. 

Furnishings,  Athletic  Goods,  §c. 
Collins   &    Fairbanks   Company, 

212. 
F.  L.  Dunne,  215. 
Hewins  &  Hollis,  213. 
McMillan  Brothers,  215. 
Noyes  Bros.,  214. 
Wra.  H.  Richardson  Co.,  214. 
Sorosis  Shoes,  200,  201. 
Wright  &  Ditson,  216. 

Insurance 

Ransom  B.  Fuller,  230. 

New  England  Mutual  Life  In- 
surance Company,  231. 

State  Mutual  Life  Assurance 
Company,  232. 


Publishers,  Stationers,  fyc. 
Dennison  Mfg.  Co.,  228. 
Paul  B.  Hoeber,  209. 
Houghton,   Mifflin   &  Company, 

229. 
Library  Bureau,  227. 
Samuel  Ward  Co.,  230. 

Miscellaneous 

Exhibit  Committee,  188-190. 

Thos.  F.  Galvin,  217. 

Hammond  Typewriter  Co.,  204. 

Herrick,  210. 

Jones,  McDuffee  &  Stratton  Co., 

226. 
Joy  Line,  228. 
A.  Stowell  &  Co.,  Inc.,  217. 


[187  ] 


[  188  ] 


LIST  OF  EXHIBITORS 


Spaces 


9 
10 

11 

12 

13 

14 
15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 
21 

22 
23 

24  . 

25 

26 

27 
28 
29 


W.  B.  Saunders  Co. 
Modern  Medicine  Co. 


J.  B.  Lippincott 
Arlington  Chemical  Co. 
Armour  &  Co. 
Becton  Dickinson  &  Co. 
W.  T.  Keener  &  Co. 
Boston  Medical  and  Surgical 

Journal 
Old  Corner  Book  Store,  Inc. 
The  Journal  of  Abnormal 

Psychology 
Phillips  Chemical  Co. 
F.  H.  Thomas  Co. 
Bausch  &  Lomb 
Fairchild  Bros.  &  Foster 
J.  Q.  Adams  Co. 
Randall  Faichney  Co. 
Randall  Faichney  Co. 
J.  Emory  Clapp 
Wm.  Wood  &  Co. 
Sampson-Soch  Co. 
Andrew  J.  Lloyd  Co. 
Schieffelin  &  Co. 
H.  K.  Wampole  &  Co. 
Victor  Electric  Co. 

W.  D.  Allison 

Boston  Vibrator  Co. 
Scanlan  Morris  Co. 
Electro-Radiation  Co. 
Wm.  Wood  &  Co. 
F.  A.  Davis  Co. 
Campbell  Bros. 


30 


Spaces 

Fisk  &  Arno 

Electro  Surgical  Instrument 
Co. 
j'  American  Oxygen  Associa- 
J       tion 
[  E.  DeTrey  &  Sons 

Malt  Diastase  Co. 

Shelton  Electric  Co. 

Burnham's  Soluble  Iodine 

Y  Globe  Optical  Co. 

J  Summer  Courses,  Harvard 
{       Medical  School 

Surgeons  &  Physicians  Sup- 
ply Co. 

U.  S.  Oxygen  Co. 

Tailby  Nason  Co. 

The  Trommer  Co. 


50 

51  | 

52  J 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 

60 


H.  P.  Engeln  Co. 
International  Instrument  Co. 

Globe  Manufacturing  Co. 
R.  W.  Gardner 
Rebman  Co. 
Sapona  Co. 
Lea  Bros.  &  Co. 

F.  S.  Betz  Co. 

F.  A.  Hardy  &  Co. 
W.  Scheidel  Coil  Co. 

D.  Appleton  &  Co. 
Baker  Electric  Co. 

E.  B.  Meyrowitz 
Heinze  Electric  Co. 
R.  V.  Wagner  Co. 
B.  B.  Apparatus  Co. 
James  G.  Biddle 


189  J 


LIST  OF  EXHIBITORS 
BASEMENT 

C.  W.  Dailey,  Ambulance  F.  E.  Randall,  Motors 

Londonderry  Lithia  Water  J.  R.  Bradford,  Motors 

Ballardvale  Lithia  Water  Nemasket  Spring 

Curtis  Hawkins  Co.,  Motors  Harry  Fosdick  Co.,  Motors 

C.  H.  Larson,  Motors  Henderson  Bros.,  Carriages  and 

Boston  Filter  Co.  Motor 


[  190  1 


PHILADELPHIA  POLYCLINIC 


AND  COLLEGE  FOR  GRADUATES  IN  MEDICINE 

Lombard  Street,  above  Eighteenth  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
FOUNDED  1882 

POSTGRADUATE  Courses  in  all  Departments  of  Medicine  and 
Surgery,  including  Diseases  of  the  Eye,  Ear,  and  Throat  and  Nose. 
The  teaching  material  is  drawn  from  the  out-patient  department, 
which  has  an  average  daily  attendance  of  more  than  300  patients,  and 
from  the  wards  of  the  Polyclinic  Hospital. 

Laboratory  courses  in  General  and  Special  Pathology  and  Histology, 
and  in  Clinical  Pathology.  Classes  in  Anatomy  and  in  General  and  Spe- 
cial Operative  Surgery. 

FACULTY  OF  THE  PHILADELPHIA  POLYCLINIC 

PROFESSORS 


Medicine 

Augustus  A.  Eshner,  M.D. 
David  Riesman,  M.D. 
R.  Max  Goepp,  M.D. 

Stomach  and  Intestine 

Joseph  Sailer,  M.D. 

Pediatrics 

Samuel  McC.  Hamill,  M.D. 

James  H.  McKee,  M.D. 

Neurology 

William  G.  Spiller,  M.D. 

Dermatology 

Jay  F.  Schamberg 

Obstetrics 

Edward  P.  Davis,  M.D. 

Anatomy 

Addinell  Hewson,  M.D. 

Surgery 

John  B.  Roberts,  M.D. 

Lewis  W.  Steinbach,  M.D. 

Max  J.  Stern,  M.D. 

Francis  T.  Stewart,  M.D. 

Orthopedics 

James  K.  Young,  M.D. 


Genito-  Urinary 

Hilary  M.  Christian,  M.D. 

Proctology 

Lewis  H.  Adler,  Jr.,  M.D. 

Gynecology 

B.  F.  Baer,  M.D. 

J.  Montgomery  Baldy,  M.D. 

Harris  A.  Slocum,  M.D. 

Diseases  of  the  Eye 
T.  B.  Sehneideman,  M.D. 
James  Thorington,  M.D. 
William  C.  Posey,  M.D. 
William  M.  Sweet,  M.D. 

Diseases  of  the  Ear 
Francis  R.  Packard,  M.D. 
George  C.  Stout,  M.D. 

Throat  and  Nose 
Arthur  W.  Watson,  M.D. 
Walter  J.  Freeman,  M.D. 
Eugene  L.  Vansant,  M.D. 
Joseph  S.  Gibb,  M.D. 

Defects  of  Speech 

G.  Hudson  Makuen,  M.D. 


CONSULTANTS 
George  E.  deSchweinitz,  M.D.        W.  W.  Keen,  M.D 


John  B.  Deaver,  M.D. 


EMERITUS  PROFESSORS 
J.  Solis-Cohen,  M.D. 
C.  B.  Nancrede,  M.D. 
George  C.  Harlan,  M.D. 
J.  Henry  C.  Simes,  M.D. 
Arthur  Van  Harlingen,  M.D. 
H.  Augustus  Wilson,  M.D. 
Edward  Jackson,  M.D. 
Henry  Leffmann,  M.D. 
Charles  K.  Mills,  M.D. 
Samuel  D.  Risley,  M.D. 
T.  S.  K.  Morton,  M.D. 
Howard  F.  Hansell,  M.D. 

Communications  should  be 


ASSOCIATES 
Kate  W.  Baldwin,  M.D.,  Throat  and  Nose 
Wendell  Reber,  M.D.,  Diseases  of  the  Eye 
Morris  B.  Miller,  M.D.,  Surgery 
W.  A.  N.  Dorland,  M.D.,  Gynecology 
Theodore  A.  Erck,  M.D.,  Gynecology 
Walter  Roberts,  M.D.,  Diseases  of  the  Ear 
John  A.  Hearst,  M.D.,  TJiroat  and  Nose 
Charles  F.  Mitchell,  M.D.,  Surgery 
Rose  Hirschler,  M.D.,  Dermatology 
Walton  C.  Swindells,  M.D.,  Diseases  of  the  Eye 
E.  Lindauer,  M.D.,  Medicine 
T.  H.  Weisenburg,  M.D.,  Neurology 

addressed  to  r.  max  goepp,  m.d.,  dean 

[191  ] 


TUFTS  COLLEGE  MEDICAL  SCHOOL 
41 6  Huntington  Avenue,  Boston,  Mass. 


faculty 


Frederick  W.  Hamilton,  A.M.,  D.D. 

President 
Harold  Williams,  M.D.,  LL.D.,  Dean 

and  Professor  of  Practice  of  Medicine 
Frederic  M.  Briggs,  M.D.,  Secretary 

and  Professor  of  Clinical  Surgery 
Charles  P.  Thayer,  A.M.,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Anatomy,  Emeritus 
Henry  W.  Dudley,  A.M.,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Pathology,  Emeritus 
John  L.  Hildreth,  M.D.,  LL.D. 

Professor  of  Clinical  Medicine,  Emeritus 
Ernest  W.  Cushing,  M.D.,  LL.D.,  Professor 

of  Abdominal  Surgery  and  Gynecology 
Henry  J.  Barnes,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Hygiene 
Edward  0.  Otis,  M.D.,  Professor  of 

Pulmonary  Diseases  and  Climatology 
Charles  A.  Pitkin,  Ph.D. 

Professor  of  General  Chemistry 
Morton  Prince,  M.D.,  Professor  of 

Diseases  of  the  Nervous  System 
Henry  B.  Chandler,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Ophthalmology 
James  S.  Howe,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Dermatology 
Edward  M.  Plummer,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Otology 
Frank  G.  Wheatley,  M.D.,  Professor  of 

Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics 
Edward  B.  Lane,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Mental  Diseases 
George  H.  Washburn,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Obstetrics 


Arthur  E.  Austin,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Medical  Chemistry 
Horace  D.  Arnold,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Clinical  Medicine 
George  A.  Bates,  M.S. 

Professor  of  Histology 
George  W.  Kaan,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Clinical  Gynecology 
William  E.  Chenery,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Laryngology 
George  V.  N.  Dearborn,  M.D.,  Ph.D. 

Professor  of  Physiology 
Timothy  Leary,  M.D.,  Professor  of 

Pathology  and  Bacteriology 
H.  Warren  White,  M.D.,  Assistant 

Professor  of  Theory  and  Practice 
Gardner  W.  Allen,  M.D.,  Professor 

of  Genito-Urinary  Surgery 
Howard  S.  Dearing,  M.D.,  Assistant 

Professor  of  Clinical  Medicine 
John  L.  Ames,  M.D.,  Assistant 

Professor  of  Clinical  Medicine 
E.  Channing  Stowell,  M.D.,  Assistant 

Professor  of  Children' s  Diseases 
Eugene  Thayer,  A.M.,  M.D. 

Demonstrator  of  Anatomy 
Charles  F.  Painter,  M.D.,  Assistant 

Professor  of  Orthopedic  Surgery 
Frank  L.  D.  Rust,  M.D. 

Associate  Professor  of  Ophthalmology 
Harry  H.  Germain,  M.D. 

Assistant  Professor  of  Anatomy 


Lecturer  in  Mental  Diseases 

Walter  E.  Fernald,  M.D. 
Instructors  in  Clinical  Medicine 

John  N.  Coolidge,  M.D. 

Richard  F.  Chase,  M.D. 
Assistants  in  Clinical  Medicine 

William  E.  Fay,  M.D. 

Charles  H.  Winn,  M.D. 

Elmond  A.  Burnham,  M.D. 

Robert  M.  Merrick,  M.D. 

Arthur  W.  Fairbanks,  M.D. 

Henry  F.  R.  Watts,  M.D. 

John  P.  Treanor,  M.D. 

Frederick  W.  Stetson,  M.D. 

Thomas  J.  O'Brien,  M.D. 

Joseph  H.  Saunders,  M.D. 
Instructors  in  Clinical  Surgery 

Edward  A.  Pease,  M.D. 

Francis  D.  Donoghue.  M.D. 

Frederic  W.  Pearl,  M.D. 

Luther  G.  Paul,  M.D. 

Theodore  C.  Beebe,  Jr.,  M.D. 
Demonstrator  of  Surgical  Technique 

Richard  F.  O'Neil,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Neurology 

John  J.  Thomas,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Genito-Urinary  Surgery 

Charles  D.  Whitney,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Electro-Therapeutics 

Frederick  F.  Strong,  M.D. 
Assistant  Demonstrators  of  Anatomy 

William  G.  Adams,  M.D. 

John  W.  Lane,  M.D. 

Walter  F.  Nolen,  M.D. 

John  D.  Clark,  M.D. 

Frank  E.  Haskins,  M.D. 

Robert  E.  Andrews,  M.D. 


OTHER  INSTRUCTORS 

Instructors  in  Obstetrics 

Theodore  C.  Erb,  M.D. 

John  S.  May,  M.D. 

James  W.  Hinckley,  M.D. 
Instructors  in  Pathology 

Charles  D.  Knowlton,  M.D. 

0.  Cushing-Leary,  M.D. 
Assistants  in  Pathology 

Edison  W.  Brown,  M.D. 

Leon  S.  Medalia,  M.D. 
Instructors  in  Clinical  Gynecology 

Edward  L.  Twombly,  M.D. 

Charles  B.  Darling,  M.D. 

W.  Herbert  Grant.  M.D. 

Edwin  B.  Neilson,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Gynecology 

Elizabeth  A.  Riley,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Hematology 

Ralph  C.  Larrabee,  M.D. 
Assistants  in  Hematology 

Clarence  H.  Staples,  M.D. 

Laurence  W.  Strong,  M.D. 
Instructors  in  Medical  Chemistry 

Frederick  S.  Hollis,  Ph.D. 

Edward  E.  Thorpe,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Theory  and  Practice 

Robert  W.  Hastings,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Rectal  Diseases 

Frank  P.  Williams,  M.D. 
Instructors  in  Ophthalmology 

El  wood  T.  Easton,  M.D. 

Henry  C.  Parker,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Histology 

Guy  M.  Winslow,  A.B.,  Ph.D. 
Assistants  in  Otology 

Leon  E.  White,  M.D. 

Francis  J.  Weller,  M.D. 
I  192  1 


Tufts  College  Medical  School,  Other  Instructors  (continued) 


Assistant  in  Orthopedics 
Arthur  T.  Legg,  M.D. 


Instructor  in  Physiology 

Sydney  C.  Hardwick,  M.D. 
Assistant  in  Diseases  of  Children 

William  R.  P.  Emerson,  M.D. 

The  Term  opens  September  26,  1906,  at  the  new  building,  416  Huntington  Avenue,  and  con- 
tinues eight  months.  The  school  is  co-educational.  It  offers  a  four-year  graded  course.  In- 
struction is  by  Lectures,  Recitations,  Laboratory  Work  and  Practical  Demonstrations  and 
Operations.  The  clinical  facilities  are  excellent.  The  Laboratories  are  unsurpassed,  and  are 
open  throughout  the  year  for  clinical  and  research  work.  For  information  in  regard  to  Re- 
quirements, Entrance  Examinations,  Fees,  or  for  a  Catalogue,  address 

FREDERIC  M.  BRIGGS,  M.D.,  Secretary 
Tufts  College  Medical  School,  Boston,  Mass. 


TUFTS  COLLEGE  DENTAL  SCHOOL 
41 6  Huntington  Avenue,  Boston,  Mass. 


Frederick  W.  Hamilton,  A.M.,  D.D. 

President 
Harold  Williams,  M.D.,  LL.D.,  Dean 

and  Professor  of  Theory  and  Practice 
Frederic  M.  Briggs,  M.D.,  Secretary 

and  Professor  of  Clinical  Surgery 
Charles  P.  Thayer,  A.M.,  M.D. 
■     Professor  of  Anatomy,  Emeritus 
Henry  J.  Barnes,  M.D. 

Professor  of  Hygiene 
Charles  A.  Pitkin,  Ph.D. 

Professor  of  Genercd  Chemistry 
Edward  W.  Branigan,  A.M.,  D.D.S. 

Professor  of  Clinical  Dentistry 
Frank  G.  Wheatley,  M.D.,  Professor  of 

Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics 
Joseph  K.  Knight,  D.D.S. 

Professor  of  Prosthodontia 


FACULTY 

George  A.  Bates,  M.Sc,  D.M.D. 

Professor  of  Histology 
Frederick  M.  Hemenway,  D.D.S. 

Professor  of  Prosthetic  Dentistry 
William  E.  Chenery,  M.D.,  Professor  of 

Diseases  of  the  Nose  and  Throat 
Timothy  Leary,  M.D.,  Professor  of 

Pathology  and  Bacteriology 
Eugene  Thayer,  M.D. 

Demonstrator  of  Anatomy 
George  V.  N.  Dearborn,  M.D.,  Ph.  D. 

Professor  of  Physiology 
Byron  H.  Strout,  D.D.S.,  Assistant 

Professor  of  Operative  Technics 
Walter  I.  Brigham,  D.M.D.,  Assistant 

Professor  of  Operative  Dentistry 
Harry  H.  Germain,  M.D. 

Assistant  Professor  of  Anatomy 


OTHER  INSTRUCTORS 

i  Instructors  in  Prosthetic  Dentistry 

Fred  C.  Merrill,  D.D.S. 

George  L.  Marshall,  D.D.S. 

Walter  G.  Bridge,  D.M.D. 
Instructor  in  Porcelain  Work 

Knut  J.  Luttropp,  D.D.S. 
Lecturer  on  Orthodontia 

George  T.  Baker,  D.D.S. 
Instructors  in  Orthodontia, 

Dana  J.  Edmunds,  D.D.S. 

Alfred  P.  Rogers,  D.D.S. 
Instructor  in  Histology 

Guy  M.  Winslow,  A.B.,  Ph.D. 
Assistant  Demonstrators  in  Anatomy 

Frederic  W.  Pearl,  M.D. 

Theodore  C.  Beebe,  Jr.,  M.D. 

William  G.  Adams,  M.D. 

John  D.  Clark,  M.D. 

Luther  G.  Paul,  M.D. 

John  W.  Lane,  M.D. 

Arthur  T.  Legg,  M.D. 

Walter  F.  Nolen,  M.D. 

Frank  E.  Haskins,  M.D. 

Robert  E.  Andrews,  M.D. 
Instructor  in  Physiology 

Sydney  C.  Hardwick,  M.D. 


Instructors  in  Clinical  Dentistry 

Edgar  O.  Kinsman,  D.M.D. 

Henry  M.  Hills,  D.D.S. 

William  Rice,  D.M.D. 

William  P.  Houston,  D.M.D. 

Walter  F.  Kenyon,  D.D.S. 

Henry  H.  Piper,  D.M.D. 

John  W.  Forbes,  D.M.D. 

Joseph  L.  C.  Taylor,  D.D.S. 

William  M.  Flynn,  D.M.D. 

John  S.  Eaton,  D.D.S. 

Burleigh  C.  Gilbert,  D.D.S. 

Ervin  A.  Johnson,  D.M.D. 

Frederick  B.  Stevens,  D.D.S. 

Henry  S.  Robinson,  D.D.S. 

Irving  J.  Wetherbee,  D.M.D. 

Varney  A.  Kelley,  D.M.D. 

Curtis  W.  Farrington,  D.M.D. 

James  P.  Lockhart,  D.M.D. 

Sidney  B.  Sargent,  D.M.D. 

Carey  R.  Chester,  D.M.D. 

Ivan  A.  T.  Centervall,  D.M.D. 
Instructors  in  Pathology 

Charles  D.  Knowlton,  M.D. 

O.  Cushing-Leary,  M.D. 
Assistants  in  Pathology 

Edison  W.  Brown,  M.D. 

Leon  S.  Medalia,  M.D. 

The  next  term  opens  September  26,  1906,  and  continues  eight  months.  The  school  is  co- 
educational. It  offers  a  three-year  graded  course. 
The  clinical  and  laboratory  facilities  are  unsurpassed. 
For  further  information  or  for  a  Catalogue,  address 

FREDERIC  M.  BRIGGS,  M.D.,  Secretary 
Tufts  College  Dental  School,  Boston,  Mass. 
[  193  ] 


o 
o 

X 
u 

< 
o 

Q 
W 

Q 

o5 

ffi 
W 


'O    a 


Pi 


-  1 


J:       I 


re     o 

s  •-§ 


.a    © 


i    © 

■B     Oh 


.jS     re 


3  -s  ^ 

P* 


05 


03 


83      03      3    h3 


O      ~ 
f-5      03 

03    ,,  , 


X 


03 

o    co    3 

s  &'* 

03      C 


1<  ©  «e 

©  .a  -*j 

©  £  "S, 

D  «  5 

-O  <«  ^ 

«  ^  g 

3  i  g 

•2gg 

«+-l  © 

£  r;  -° 

r±  ©  re 


©  *H 


be 


re    © 

*  a 

©     ?© 


re   ^ 
©    5 


w  o 

©     rl 

'©  *>■ 

H3 


bD  cc 

O  © 

C  re 

©  > 

Pu  © 


3    TJ 
o     © 

"■I 


©   2 
13  .2 

© 


© 


*  J  s 


^  s 

S  -2 

©  P* 

P  © 

©  CZ2 


^  2 

2  5 

be  0 

a  © 

■O  ©     cc 

-  '"*     © 

rP  <^     o 

^  °    © 


ffl 

H 

PS 

o 


c 


©  03 

X  © 

^  © 

©  *r- 


©    o 

a     ., 


«3  - 

O  Q   s 


>>    © 


X       fi 


bL 


X  OD 

2-8 

o  f3 

S  be. 

©  a 

S  * 

S  jS 

a  a 

X  © 

2  a 


be  re 

a  © 

a  © 

O  S 


a    3 

s  § 

a*  ° 

Pi    o 

©  +* 


in 
in 

o 
u 

w 

H 

Q    | 
^  '-g 


©    a 
o 
o    g 

re    q. 


© 
^    a 


w     PS 

PS    o 

&  £ 

o 
a 


W 

a 

p^ 

in 
a}     Ph 


^   oq 


K      »         LJ 

•2         § 


'S   ffi 


I 


a 

-8 


(  184] 


T 


Harvard  Dental  School  fe 

A  DEPARTMENT  OF  HARVARD  UNIVERSITY 

HIS  school  offers  to  students  holding  a  degree  in 
letters  or  science,  or  who  have  passed  the  entrance 
examination  to  Harvard  College  or  any  other  reputable 
college  of  letters,  a  graded  course  of  three  years  with 
modern  laboratory  instruction  and  special  facilities  for  ac- 
quiring operative  technique.  Large  clinics.  Thirty-eighth 
year  begins  September  27, 1906.  Send  for  announcement. 

Dr.  EUGENE  H.  SMITH,  Dean 

283  Dartmouth  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 


Woman's  Medical  College 

-OS    OF  PENNSYLVANIA    ^ 

57th  Annual  Session.  Thorough  course.  Four  years.  Exceptional 
facilities  for  Laboratory  and  Bedside  Instruction.  Post-graduate 
course  in  Operative  Gynaecology  in  the  spring;  post-graduate  course 
in  Obstetrics  in  the  summer  months.  Full  particulars  in  catalogue. 

CLARA  MARSHALL,  M.D.,  Dean,  Box  500 
21st  St.  and  N.  College  Ave.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

DETROIT  COLLEGE  OF  MEDICINE:  DEPARTMENT  OF  MEDICINE 

THE  THIRTY-NINTH  ANNUAL  SESSION  will  open  September  19,  1906,  and  continue 
eight  months.  The  entire  course  embraces  four  yearly  sessions. 
A  high-school  education  or  its  equivalent  is  required  for  admission.  Students  holding  cre- 
dentials from  other  reputable  medical  colleges  will  be  admitted  to  advanced  standing  and 
given  credit  for  work  done. 
THE  SPECIAL  ADVANTAGES  OFFERED 

are  new  buildings  with  separate  class  rooms  and  laboratories  ;  modern  equipment ;  a  care- 
fully graded  course  with  personal  instruction  throughout ;  unsurpassed  clinical  facilities  ; 
desirable  hospital  appointments  for  both  students  and  graduates. 
CLINICAL  INSTRUCTION 

is  given  daily  in  Saint  Mary's  and  Harper  Hospitals,  in  Saint  Mary's  Hospital  Free  Dispen- 
sary, Harper  Hospital  Polyclinic  and  Harper  Hospital  Contagious  Disease  Building.  Ad- 
vanced students  are  supplied  with  obstetrical  cases  in  the  House  of  Providence  and  in  the 
Woman's  Hospital.  Access  is  had  also  to  Saint  Luke's  and  the  Children's  Free  Hospitals. 

H.  O.  WALKER,  M.D.,  Secretary,  DETROIT,  MICH. 

[  195  ] 


NEW  YORK  POST-GRADUATE  MEDICAL 
SCHOOL  AND  HOSPITAL 

UNIVERSITY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK 

Second  Avenue  and  Twentieth  Street,  New  York 


THIS  is  the  pioneer  Post-Graduate  Institution  in  America 
and  the  first  one  in  the  world  where  complete  Post- 
Graduate  Medical  Instruction  was  given  under  one  roof. 
The  methods  of  instruction  of  this  School  are  of  the  most  thorough 
and  advanced  kind.  The  personal  instruction  is  so  exact  and  com- 
plete that  the  physicians  taking  the  General  and  Special  Courses 
may  go  away  with  the  capacity  to  make  examinations  and  carry  on 
the  treatment,  operative  or  otherwise,  that  has  been  taught  them. 
The  Hospital,  which  is  under  the  same  roof,  contains  two  hundred 
and  sixteen  beds,  and  the  material  is  used  for  the  instruction  of  the 
practitioners  attending  the  courses.  A  Special  Course  in  Tubercu- 
losis is  given  in  the  Dispensary  devoted  to  this  disease.  The  Labo- 
ratory instruction  in  Pathology,  Racteriology  and  Urinary  Analysis 
is  of  the  best  order.  There  are  courses  in  Electro-Radio  Therapeu- 
tics, in  Ophthalmoscopy  and  Ophthalmometry,  and  Laryngology, 
while  in  general  Medicine  and  Surgery  the  clinical  instruction  is 
ample.  Practitioners  of  medicine  will  find  the  course  adapted  to  their 
needs,  while  specialists  in  any  department  may  give  their  whole 
time  to  the  subjects  in  which  they  are  interested. 
For  further  particulars,  address 
James  N.  West,  M.D.,  Secretary  of  the  Faculty 

Second  Avenue  and  Twentieth  Street,  New  York  City 
D.  B.  St.  John  Roosa,,  M.D.,  LL.D.,  President 

[  196  ] 


Boston  University  School  of  Medicine 

EAST  CONCORD  STREET,  BOSTON 


mm 


t 


2L\ 


SSFA 


«m 


"The  International  Jury  of  Awards  has  conferred  a  gold  medal  upon 
Boston  University  School  of  Medicine  for  General  Exhibit  illustrat- 
ing courses  of  instruction  and  methods  and  results  of  school  work." 


*  -*'  ^ 


7  •„  .,  -  ,         ,    ;gp   ■     i  K  \      \  ■ 


.-    /    i 


Cata-      ^Br         i 


For  Information  and  Cata-        ^Slr  logue  apply  to  Frank  C. 

Richardson,  M.D.,  Registrar,  1069  Boylston  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

[  197  ] 


RICHARDSON,  WRIGHT  &  CO. 

51  CHARDON  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 
Manufacturers  of 

Aseptic  Steel  Hospital  Furniture 


This  bed  was  exhibited  at  the  Massachusetts 
Board  of  Health  Tuberculosis  Exhibit  at  Hor- 
ticultural Hall,  January,  1906,  and  created  fa- 
vorable comment. 

No.  60.  Bed  for  Sleeping  with  Head 
out  of  Window 


Mattresses  and  Pillows 

[  198  ] 


The  Jackson  Health  Resort 

DANSVILLE,  LIVINGSTONE  COUNTY,  NEW  YORK 


T^HE  attention  of  physicians  is  called  to  this  institution,  which  offers  exceptional  advan- 
tages  and  attractions. 

Staff  of  Regularly  Educated  and  experienced  Physicians  ;  elegant  Fire-proof  Building  — 
brick  and  iron  ;  all  Modern  Conveniences. 

Special  attention  to  the  scientific  administration  of  Water,  Electricity,  Massage,  Swedish 
Movement,  Rest-cure  and  Dietaries  to  meet  the  needs  of  chronic  invalids. 

The  Schott  System  of  Nauheim  Baths  and  Exercises  for  Heart  Disease 

Famous  Northern  Health  Resort  on  Delaware,  Lackawanna  &  Western  Ry.,  from  New 
York  to  Buffalo  without  change.  Send  for  illustrated  Literature,  addressing 

J.  ARTHUR  JACKSON,  M.D.,  Manager,  Box  P 
Dr.  G.  H.  Moody  Dr.  T.  L.  Moody 

Dr.  Moody's  Sanitarium,  San  Antonio,  Texas 

For  Nervous  and  Mental  Diseases,  Drug  and  Alcohol  Addictions 

TTOMELIKE  surroundings  conducive  to  rest,  relaxation  and  recuperation  in  an  ideal  loca- 
tion.  Two  elegant  two-story  buildings  two  hundred  feet  apart,  for  men  and  women  re- 
spectively, and  an  isolated  cottage.  First-class  modern  equipments  and  conveniences. 

Electrotherapy,  hydrotherapy,  massage,  &c.  First-class  nursing.  Strictly  ethical  lines  fol- 
lowed. 

Address  G.  H.  Moody,  M.D.,  S15  Brackenridge  Avenue,  San  Antonio,  Texas 
For  six  years  Asst.  Physician  to  State  Asylums  at  San  Antonio  and  Austin,  Texas 

<**  WAUKESHA  SPRINGS  SANITARIUM   ^ 


For  the  Care  and  Treatment  of 


Nervous 

and 

Mental  Diseases* 

New,  Absolutely  Fireproof  Building 


BYRON  M.  CAPLES,  M.D.,  Superintendent,  Waukesha,  Wis. 

[  199  J 


§ORQSI§ 


1$  Shoe 


IF 


ANATOMICALLY  CORRECT 

1 
SCIENTIFICALLY  CONSTRUCTED 

1 
DOUBLE  TRUSS  SHANK 

.       1 
PROFESSIONAL  ENDORSEMENT 

This  Sorosis  is  made  in  variety  of  leathers,  both 
boots  and  oxfords,  for  men,  women  and  children, 
and  can  be  obtained  at  any  of  the  following  So- 
rosis Stores  or  Departments: 


New  York,  Jas.  McCreery  &  Co.,  West 

23d  St. 
Brooklyn,  cor.  Fulton  and  Hout  Sts. 
Baltimore,  19  Lexington  St.,  W. 
Washington,  1213  F  St. 

Boston,  20  Temple  Place  and  176  Boylston  St. 
Chicago,  3k  Washington  St. 
Cincinnati,  106  West  Seventh  St. 
Detroit,  Newcomb-Endi  cott  Co. 
Buffalo,  H.  A.  Meldrum  Co. 
Philadelphia,  1312-131k  Chestnut  St. 


London  Shops  : 

Regent  House,  Regent  Street,  W. 


Pittsburg,  cor.  Penn  Ave.  and  5th  St.,  and 

21k  6th  St. 
Cleveland,  177  Euclid  Ave. 
Milwaukee,  93  Wisconsin  St. 
St.  Paul,  Field,  SchlicJc  e&  Co. 
Denver,  626  16th  St. 
Hartford,  9k5  Main  St. 
Providence,  The  Shepard  Company 
St.  Louis,  Scruggs,  Vandervoort  <&  Barney 

Dry  Goods  Co. 
Minneapolis,  700  Nicollet  Ave. 


1" 


19  Westbourne  Grove,  W. 
83  Brompton  Road,  S.  W. 


Glasgow,  118-120  Buchanan  St.  Frankfort,  A.  M.,  19  Rossmarkt 

Edinburgh,  120  Princes  St.  Vienna,  5  Tegetthofstrasse 

Liverpool,  59  Church  St.  Christiania,  20  Kongens  Gd. 

Manchester,  56  Marhe  t  St.  and  U7  Deansgate  Copenhagen,  Vimmelskaftet 

Berlin,  60  Friedrichstrasse  Honolulu,  H.  I.,  10k9-1063  AlaJcea  St. 
Hamburg,  25  Jungfernstieg 

AND  ALL  OTHER  IMPORTANT  CITIES  IN  AMERICA  AND  EUROPE 

[  200  ] 


§ORQSI§ 

SHOES 

Sorosis  First  Aid  Arch  Support 

THE  Sorosis  Shoe  manu- 
facturers have  invented, 
and  patented  a  simple  but  we 
think  you  will  consider  a  very 
effective  device  for  support- 
ing the  arch,  which  they  have 
termed  the  u  Sorosis  First  Aid 
Arch  Support" 

This  appliance  you  will  no- 
tice consists  of  a  felt  pad  held 
in  proper  position  by  a  pocket 

in  the  support  which  fits  snugly  about  the  heel  and  over  the  instep  as 
shown  in  the  illustration. 

A  further  setting  forth  of  its  merits  we  deem  unnecessary  to  the 
professional  readers  of  this  periodical,  but  we  think  the  possibility  of 
preventing  further  trouble  is  obvious  when  this  support  is  used  where 
the  first  symptoms  of  breaking  down  of  the  arch  appears. 

As  experts  you  might  justly  claim  this  support  would  not  be  effec- 
tive provided  the  shank  of  the  shoe  crowded  down.  When  worn  with 
Sorosis  1^  shoes,  the  shank  of  which  is  so  conducted  as  to  always  re- 
main in  the  proper  place,  this  device  is  O.  K. 

U 
We  shall  be  pleased  to  explain  it  more  fully  to  all  interested  at  our 
Sorosis  Store,  176  Boylston  Street. 

It  is  made  for  men,  women  and  children  and  can  be  obtained  at  any 
Sorosis  Store  or  Department  (see  list  on  preceding  page),  or  may  be  or- 
dered direct  from  the  manufacturers 

A.  E.  LITTLE  &  CO.,  LYNN,  MASS. 

Price,  $1.50  per  pair 
Special  prices  to  Physicians  and  Surgeons 

[  201  1 


Pinkham  &  Smith  Company 
Prescription  Opticians 
Photographic  Supplies 

288-290  BOYLSTON  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 

MANUFACTURERS  of  high-grade  Lenses  as  prescribed  by 
oculists.  Our  Toric  and  Bifocal  lenses  are  the  most  per- 
fect lenses  of  their  type  produced.  We  pay  most  careful  attention 
to  the  accurate  adjustment  of  Spectacles  and  Eyeglasses.  Our  work 
is  strictly  first-class  and  our  prices  very  moderate. 

Andrew  J.  Lloyd  &  Co. 

^  Opticians  £& 

Display  at  this  Exhibition 

Kryptok  Integral  Bifocal  Lenses 

Hyperbolic  Lenses  Lens  Lock  Eyeglasses 

Automobile  goggles  Clinical  and  other  Thermometers 

Hygrodeiks  (Humidity  testers) 

Zeiss  Stereo-Binoculars 

Samples  of '  Holmgren! s  Worsted  Tests 

For  the  Detection  of  Color  Blindness 

And  Other  Things  of  Interest 

Visiting  physicians  are  cordially  invited  to  avail  of  our  facilities  for  repairing 
or  adjusting  their  glasses.  To  those  who  may  be  interested  our  workshops  are 
open  to  inspection,  and  the  processes  of  making  Toric  and  Kryptok  Lenses  may 
be  seen. 

TWO  STORES 

Down  Town,  315  Washington  Street    Back  Bay,  310  Boylston  Street 
Opposite  Old  South  Church  Opposite  Arlington  Street 

[  202  ] 


Telephones :  Oxford  1770-1771 

Established  1838 

Codman  &  Shurtleff 

Incorporated 
SURGICAL  AND  ORTHOPAEDIC  INSTRUMENTS 
INVALIDS'  ARTICLES,  ATOMIZING  APPARATUS 

120  Boylston  Street  (Walker  Building) 
BOSTON 

One  minute  from  Tremont  Street  and  Boylston  Street  Subway  Station,  connect- 
ing directly  with  North  and  South  Station  Elevated  Trains  and  Surface  Cars 


Dailey's  Convalescent  Coach 

AND  FIRST  CLASS  AMBULANCE  SERVICE 

HpHESE  vehicles  are  heated  when  desired  and  have  rubber  tires. 

-■-      One-horse  ambulance  for  accident  calls  and  for  removing  sick  and  incapacitated  per- 
sons at  a  low  rate. 

This  ambulance  is  specially  made  to  meet  the  above  requirements,  and  is  in  every  way 
desirable  so  far  as  comfort  and  convenience  to  patient  are  concerned. 

Basket  Stretcher  for  Long  Journeys 

105  CAMBRIDGE  STREET,  EAST  CAMBRIDGE,  MASS. 

Telephone :  No.  341  Cambridge 


SOLUBLE  IODINE  (Burnham's) 

The  Therapeutic  Possibilities  of  Iodine  Medication  Greater  than  Ever  Before 

"DREFERABLE  to  the  Iodides  because  through  its  solubility  in  the  gastric  fluids  and  tis- 
A  sues  of  the  body  complete  absorption  is  attained;  smaller  doses  are  possible  and  the  sys- 
tem is  not  taxed  with  unnecessary  elimination  of  useless  and  harmful  drugs  as  in  the  Iodides 
and  other  compounds. 

Soluble  Iodine  (Burnham's)  is  given  internally,  on  the  empty  stomach,  or  hypodermically,  in 
the  natural  menstruum-water,  with  no  unpleasant  effects,  far  better  results  and  lessened  cost. 

Put  up  in  both  liquid  and  tablet  form  and  obtainable  through  all  druggists. 


BURNHAM  SOLUBLE  IODINE  CO. 


Beware  of  Imitations 


AUBURNDALE,  MASS. 


[  203  ] 


THE 

MEDICAL  MAN'S  TYPEWRITER 

INTERCHANGEABLE  TYPE  INCLUDING  MEDICAL 

Writes  on  /ww/fws/w_  h  Loose-leaf 

Envelopes  and  ^^^^^^^§^         Wax  Stencil 

USED  BY  THE  BOSTON  MEDICAL  LIBRARY 

1906  VISIBLE  MODEL 

Hammond  Typewriter  Co. 


MACALASTER  &  WIGGIN 

BOSTON,  MASS. 
210   SUDBURY   BUILDING 


? 


w 


Actual  Makers  of  X-Ray  Tubes,  Vacuum  Electrodes, 
X-Ray  Accessories 

NEARLY  ALL  THE  EXPERTS  ARE  USING  THE 

"M  &  W"  X-RAY  TUBES  FOR  THEIR  SHORTEST  EXPOSURES 

MAY  WE  NOT  INDUCE  YOU  TO  TRY  SOME  OF  THEM  ? 


[  204  ] 


ANNOUNCEMENT 

THE  Electro-Radiation  Company  respectfully  announce 
that  the  business  of  the  Swett  &  Lewis  Company  has 
been  purchased  by  them  and  that  hereafter  they  will  manufac- 
ture the  coils  heretofore  made  by  the  Swett  &  Lewis  Com- 
pany under  "Kinraide"  patents,  in  addition  to  Dr.  Frederick  F. 
Strong's  High-Frequency  and  X-Ray  Apparatus. 

Mr.  Frank  H.  Swett,  for  many  years  Treasurer  and  Mana- 
ger of  the  Swett  &  Lewis  Company,  will  be  associated  with 
Mr.  Alfred  E.  Joy  in  the  management  of  the  Company's  af- 
fairs and  may  be  found  until  further  notice  at  No.  18  Boylston 
Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

We  shall  exhibit  at  Mechanics  Building  during  the  conven- 
tion of  the  American  Medical  Association  in  June  and  shall 
have  an  extensive  display  of  electrical  apparatus  at  our  demon- 
stration rooms,  532  Columbus  Avenue,  including  many  inter- 
esting appliances  which  the  size  of  our  space  in  the  first-named 
exhibit  will  not  permit  our  showing  to  good  advantage.  The 
coils  will  also  be  on  exhibit  at  18  Boylston  Street. 

We  extend  a  cordial  invitation  to  visiting  physicians  to 
make  our  Columbus  Avenue  rooms  their  headquarters  and 
beg  to  place  at  their  disposal  desks,  writing  facilities,  tele- 
phone, &c. 

ELECTRO-RADIATION  COMPANY 

High-Frequency  Apparatus 
18  Boylston  Street,  Boston 


[  205  ] 


TRADE  MARK 


THE 
TRADE  MARK 


THAT 
GUARANTEES  QUALITY 

Victor  Apparatus 
is  Invariably 

Satisfying 

Reliable 

Accurate 

and 
The  Best 


Victor  No.  5,  Combination  Floor  Cabinet 

We  manufacture 

Galvanic  and  Faradic  Apparatus 


Vibrators 
Air  Compressors 
Air  Heaters 
Cautery  Apparatus 
Eye  Magnets 
Finsen  Lamps 
All  goods  covered  by  a  two-years'1  guarantee 
Write  for  latest  Catalogue 


Diagnostic  Lamps 

Ear  Pumps 

Electrodes 

Motors 

Batteries 

etc.,  etc. 


Victor  No.  1,  Massage  Outfit 


VICTOR  ELECTRIC  CO. 


NEW  YORK  BRANCH 
729  6TH  AVE. ,  COR.  42D 


MAIN  OFFICE  AND  FACTORY 
55-61  MARKET  ST.,   CHICAGO,  ILL. 

[  206  ] 


BOSTON  BRANCH 
100  BOYLSTON  ST. 


^K     ANTISEPSIS  OF  URINARY  TRACT     $g* 

H  elmi  tol  Protargol 


Hexamethylentetraminanhydromethylen  citrate 

INTERNALLY 


Silver-protein 

EXTERNALLY 


In  all  affections  of  the  urethra,  prostate  and  bladder  Helmitol  has  proved  superior  to  other 
formaldehyde  derivatives  in  efficiency,  safety  and  freedom  from  irritation,  while  Protargol  is 
considered  by  many  authorities  as  the  most  powerful  and  least  irritating  gonocide. 

THE  NEW  LOCAL  ANESTHETIC 

Alypin 

Monohydrochloride  of  benzoyl  1.8  tetramethyldiamino  2  ethylisopropylic  alcohol 

Equal  in  efficiency  to  cocaine  in  all  its  indications  and  much  safer.  Solutions  unirritating  and 
sterilizable.  No  mydriasis  or  increase  of  intraocular  pressure  when  used  in  the  eye. 

THE  MOST  RELIABLE  DIURETICS 

Acet-Theocin-Sodium  Agurin 


{Soluble  Theocin) 


Acet-theobromine-sodium 


In  the  dropsy  of  cardiac  disease  and  chronic  renal  affections  Theocin  has  been  found  the 
promptest  and  most  efficient  diuretic.  Agurin,though  less  powerful,  is  more  persistent  in  its  ac- 
tion and  may  be  administered  to  maintain  the  diuresis  which  has  been  initiated  with  Theocin. 

Samples  and  Literature  supplied  by 

Continental  Color  and  Chemical  Co. 

o»>^       P.  O.  BOX  1935       ^©^       NEW  YORK       *)©»■      128   DUANE   STREET       "^O*- 


Our  Specialty 
STERILE  CATGUT 


Sampson-Soch  Co. 

Everything  for  the  Physi- 
cian and  Surgeon 

731  BOYLSTON  ST.,  BOSTON 


Be  Sure  to  See  the  Exhibit  or  the 

ELECTRO  SURGICAL 

INSTRUMENT  CO. 

Originators  of  all  kinds  of 

Electrically  Lighted 

Instruments 

Manufacturers  of  high  grade 

Electro-Therapeutic 

Apparatus 

Cystoscopes,  Bronchoscopes, 

Oesophagoscopes,  Auriscopes, 

etc.   Extra  lamps,  50  cts. 

Descriptive  and  illustrated 

catalogue  on  application 


E.S.I.  Co. Socket  Current  Controller  and  Cystoscope 

Origination  begets  imitation,  so  note  well  our 

exact  name 

Electro  Surgical  Instrument  Co. 

Rochester,  New  York. 
[  207  ] 


TWO  GUIDE  POSTS 


wr-To 

WF"  To  Success  in 

Boston  Common 

Eleeti^o-  Therapeutics 

The 

Our 

Guide- 

new 

Book 
Points 

catalogue. 
Series  10, 

the 

27th 

way 

edition 

to 

illuminates 

many 
of 
the 

the 

path 

to 

attractive 

success1 

points 
of 

in 
the 

the 
old 

application 
of 

historic 

electricity 

city 
of 

as 
a 

Boston; 

remedial 

and 

agent ; 

outlines 
the 

illustrating 
a 

numerous 

choice 

interesting 

line 

features 

of 

of 

the 

meeting 

of 

the 

American 

apparatus 
priced 

at 
popular 
figures : 
mailed 

Medical 
Association. 

upon 
request. 

McINTOSH  BATTERY  &  OPTICAL  CO. 

4-3-45  West  Randolph  St.,  Chicago,  III. 


[  208  ] 


PYRENOL 

Chemical  compound  of  Salicylic  Acid,  Benzoic  Acid  and 
Thymol,  possessing  their  virtues  without  their  draw- 
backs, as  its  extensive  literature  shows.  It  is  a  cardio- 
tonic— not  a  depressant — and  effects  gradual  tempera- 
ture fall  with  little  diaphoresis. 

In  Asthma,  Bronchitis  and  Pertussis  it  inhibits  the 
attacks  with  astonishing  rapidity.  In  Pneumonia  it  is  a 
steady,  reliable  febrifuge,  expectorant  and  heart  stimu- 
lant. In  Rheumatism  {articular,  muscular)  and  Neu- 
ralgia (migraine,  sciatica)  its  analgesic  action  promptly 
arrests  the  most  violent  and  persistent  pains. 

Liter  a  herefrom 

Schering  &  Glatz,  58  Maiden  Lane,  New  York. 


Tel.  2682  Plaza  Leipzig,  Gutenbergstrasse  7 

On  your  way  home  visit 
PAUL  B.  HOEBER 

IMPORTER  OF  AND  DEALER  IN  MEDICAL  BOOKS  AND  PERIODICALS 

69  East  59th  Street,  bet.  Park  &  Madison  Aves.,  NEW  YORK 

Dear  Doctor  :  We  have  no  exhibit  at  the  convention,  but,  at  69  East  59th 
Street,  New  York  City,  we  can  show  you  a  very  large  and  complete  stock 
of  German  Medical  Books  and  Periodicals  (THE  LARGEST  STOCK  OF 
THIS  KIND  IN  AMERICA)  besides  the  leading  French,  English  and  Ameri- 
can publications.  Our  stock  includes  not  only  all  the  large  "systems"  and  stand- 
ard text  books,  but  also  thousands  of  monographs  on  all  subjects.  New  publica- 
tions are  received  as  published. 

If  interested  kindly  drop  in  when  next  in  New  York.  If  this  is  not  convenient, 
write,  and  we  will  send  you  catalogues  and  circulars  (in  this  case  kindly  state 
your  specialty). 

We  take  subscriptions  for  all  German  (and  other)  Medical  Journals  at  the  low- 
est prices,  prompt  delivery  being  guaranteed.  Yours  very  truly, 

Paul  B.  Hoeber 
69  East  59th  Street,  New  York  City 

READING  ROOM  FOR  PHYSICIANS 

[  209  } 


R 


THE  NEW  AMERICAN  HOUSE 

ATHSKELLER 


The  Most  Artistic  and  Most  Famous  Dining  Place  in  Boston 


Cuisine 
Perfect 


Good 
Music 


Special 
Dishes 


Good 
Cheer 


There  is  no  other  place  in  Boston  just  like  this — indeed  there  is  no- 
thing" just  like  it  in  the  country.  It  has  an  atmosphere  of  refined 
Bohemianism  that  makes  its  excellent  food  taste  all  the  better. 

'TIS  A  PLEASURE  TO  DINE  HERE 


Herrick 


TICKETS 

All  Theatres 

Phones 

232Q,  2330 
and  2331 


Back  Bay 


HOTEL  THORNDIKE 

BOYLSTON  ST.  [OPP.  PUBLIC  GARDEN] 

BOSTON,  MASS. 

Rooms  $1.50  per  day  and  up 

G.  A.  &  J.  L.  Damon,  Pbop. 

YE  OLDE  ENGLISH 
DINING-ROOM 

One  of  Boston's  Show  Places 


210  ] 


Hotel  Brunswick 


BOSTON 


¥ 


European  and  A  merican  Plans 
Amos  Barnes,  Proprietor;  Herbert  H.  Barnes,  Manager 


Hotel  Lenox 

EUROPEAN  PLAN 

CHARLES  A.  GLEASON,  MGH. 


Hotel  Touraine 

Parker  House 

Young's  Hotel 
c 

European  Plan 


[211  ] 


Collins  &  Fairbanks 
Company 

HATS  AND  FURS 

381-383  WASHINGTON  STREET 

DIRECTLY  OPPOSITE  FRANKLIN  STREET 

BOSTON 


Hunting,  Shooting,  Boating  &  Tourists' 

Hats  and  Caps 

Ladies'  Hats,  Opera  Folding  Hats 

Livery  Hats  and  Cockades 

Ladies'  Riding  Hats 

Gold  and  Silver  Mounted  Umbrellas 

Canes,  Crops  and  Whips 


[  212 


FRIENDS  OF  THE 

AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 

AND  OF  THIS  GUIDE-BOOK 

HAVE  SUBSCRIBED  MONEY  FOR 

TWO  AND  ONE  HALF  PAGES  OF  ADVERTISEMENTS 


HEWINS    &    HOLLIS 
Mens  Furnishing  Goods 

4  Hamilton  Place,  Boston 


[  213  1 


It  is  sometimes  mighty  in- 
convenient to  wait  two  weeks 
to  have  a  suit  made. 

Yet  to  men  accustomed  to 
correct  clothes  the  ordinary 
clothing  store  suit  is  impos- 
sible. 

An  opportune  moment  to 
get  acquainted  with  us. 

Alfred  Benjamin  §  Co.'s  Clothes  Exclusively 

$20  to  $40 

THE  WM.  H.  RICHARDSON  CO. 

388  WASHINGTON  STREET 


Smart  Shirts 

OF  ENGLISH  AND 
FRENCH  FLANNEL 

INDISPENSABLE  EOR  WEAR  EN  ROUTE 

For  the  Railway  Carriage 

For  Steamer  Traveling 

For  Golfing,  Tennis,  Hunting,  Fishing 

and  Field  Sports 

With  White  Flannel  Collar  or  to  Match  Goods 

$3.50  TO  $9.50  EACH 

^a  Washington  and 
^y?&\.  Summer  Streets, 
'      Boston,  U.S.A. 


214  ] 


F.  L.  Dunne 

BOSTON 

Transcript  Building 
and 

NEW  YORK 

17  W.  30th  Street 

FINE  CLOTHES 


McMillan  Brothers 

TAILORS 


Paddock  Building,  101  Tremont  Street 
BOSTON 


r  sis  i 


Doctors,  Attention! 


o 


UR  best  friends  are  found  among 
the  medical  fraternity  who  recog- 
nize the  work  we  are  doing  in  aid  of 
humanity  by  assisting  in  building  up 
young  constitutions  by  athletic  sports 
and  physical  culture  in  order  that  the 
people  of  this  great  country  may  be- 
come strong,  healthy  and  active  men  and 
women.  A  sound  mind  in  a  sound  body 
is  what  is  desired,  and  the  leading  doc- 
tors know  we  have  the  best  apparatus 
for  physical  development — the  best 
rackets,  bats,  balls,  golf  clubs,  the  pro- 
per clothing,  in  fact  everything  neces- 
sary for  athletic  sports  and  pastimes. 
Bandages  of  all  kinds  to  make  the  weak 
joints  strong.  We  have  specialists  in 
every  department  who  are  qualified  to 
give  advice  and  aid  in  selecting  the  pro- 
per article  no  matter  what  it  may  be. 

Doctors! 

Be  sure  to  call  at  our  store,  get  a  cata- 
logue, and  keep  it  in  your  library.  You 
will  find  it  useful. 

WRIGHT  &  DITSON 

8 4,4.  Washington  St.,  Boston 

8Ip  Wabash  Ave.,  Chicago 

Cambridge,  Mass.,  fy  Providence,  R.  I. 


[  216  ] 


NEW  YORK  LONDON  PARIS 

Tbos.  F.  Galvin 

Roses 

124  TREMONT  STREET  CONSERVATORIES 

Opposite  Park  St.  Church  Boylston  Sf  Fairfield  Sts.,  Back  Bay 

OXFORD  I73T  B.B.  2323 


[217] 


State  Street  Trust  Co. 

38  STATE  STREET 

Back  Bay  Branch 
cor.  Massachusetts  Avenue  and  Boylston  Street 

Interest  credited  monthly  on  balances  of  $300  and  over 


SAFE  DEPOSIT  BOXES  AND  STORAGE  VAULTS 
AT  THE  BRANCH  OFFICE 


Harvey  Fisk  &  Sons 

NEW  YORK :  62  CEDAR  STREET 
BOSTON!  35  CONGRESS  STREET 

Bankers  and  Dealers 

In    United    States    Government,    State,    Municipal, 
Railroad,  and  other  Conservative  Investment  Securities 

Orders  for  the 'purchase  and  sale  of  all  negotiable  securities  executed  promptly 


[  218  ] 


City  Trust  Company 

Capital  and  Surplus  $2,000,000 

Transacts  a  General  Trust  and  Banking  Business 

Acts  as  Executor,  Trustee  and  Financial  Agent 

50  STATE  STREET,  BOSTON 

BUNKER  HILL  BRANCH,  CITY  SQUARE 
CHARLESTOWN 

Deposits  Received  and  Checks  Cashed  at  Either  Office 

Capital  Stock  $1,000,000.00 

Surplus  1,000,000.00 

Deposits  15,000,000.00 

OFFICERS 

Philip  Stockton,  President  Charles   R.    Lawrence,   Manager 
Charles  Francis  Adams  2d,  V.-Pres.         Bunker  Hill  Branch 

Arthur  Adams,  V.-Pres.  Charles  P.  Blinn,  Jr.,  Asst.  Treas. 

George  W.  Grant,  Treasurer  Fred  K.  Brown,  Asst.  Treas. 

George  S.  Mumford,  Secretary  P.  D.  Haughton,  Asst.  Secretary 

SAFE  DEPOSIT  VAULTS 


W.  0.  Gay  &  Co. 

M  CONGRESS  STREET 

Commercial  Paper  and  Collateral  Loans 

Boston    •    New  York    •    Philadelphia 
Chicago    •    St.  Louis 


[  219  ] 


Gay  &  Sturgis 

BANKERS  AND  BROKERS 
50  CONGRESS  STREET 

MEMBERS  OF  THE  BOSTON  STOCK  EXCHANGE 


[  220  ] 


Tucker,  Anthony  &  Co. 

BANKERS  AND  BROKERS 

53  STATE  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 

Members  Boston  and  New  York  Stock  Exchanges 


\  221  ] 


THE 

NATIONAL  UNION  BANK 

No.  40  STATE  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


Capital  $1,000,000.00 

Surplus  750,000.00 

Undivided  Profit  219,930.71 


Chartered  as  a  State  Bank  1792 

Chartered  as  a  National  Bank  1865 

RESOURCES  LIABILITIES 

Loans  and  Discounts  $5,894,853.06       Capital  $1,000,000.00 
United  States  Bonds       100,000.00       Surplus  and    Undi- 

Stocks  and  Securities        74,476.00          vided  Profits  969,930.71 

Due  from  Banks             1,593,401.22       Circulation  99,000.00 

Cash  and  Exchanges     2,315,005.21      Dividends  8,929.50 

Reserved  for  Taxes  30,000.00 

Deposits  7,869,875.28 

$9,977,735.49  $9,977,735.49 

OFFICERS 

Henry  S.  Grew,  2d  President 

Theophilus  Parsons  Vice-President 

George  H.  Perkins  Cashier 

W.  S.  B.  Stevens  Assistant  Cashier 

DIRECTORS 

George  Dexter  James  R.  Hooper 

Samuel  B.  Dana  Francis  W.  Fabyan 

Nathaniel  H.  Emmons  Philip  Dexter 

Amory  A.  Lawrence  Henry  S.  Grew,  2d 

Theophilus  Parsons  Philip  Y.  DeNokmandie 

William  Farnsworth  Ralph  B.  Williams 

Accounts  Solicited 

[  222  ] 


WRENN  BROS.  &  CO. 

Stock  Brokers 

BOSTON  OFFICE,  84  State  St. 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE,  24  Broad  St. 

PHILADELPHIA  OFFICE,  Drexel  Building 


Private  wires  between  Offices  and  to  principal 
Western  Cities 


[  223  ] 


Brown  Brothers  &  Co. 

60  STATE  STREET 

Members  Boston,  New  York  and  Philadelphia 
Stock  Exchanges 

Investment  Securities 
Foreign  Exchange 

\ 

Letters  of  Credit 

ON 

Brown,  Shipley  &  Co.  5  London 


[   224  1 


A  Financial  Courtship 

OR 

A  Flea  for  Conservative 
Investments 

\ 

By  Frank  W.  Rollins 

"  T_T  ON.  Frank  W.  Rollins,  ex-Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  has 
A  A  just  issued  from  his  banking  house  of  E.  H.  Rollins  &  Sons, 
of  Boston,  a  brochure  that  ought  to  be  in  the  hands  of  every  woman. 
It  is  called  'A  Financial  Courtship,'  and  as  the  author,  Governor 
Rollins  himself,  states  in  his  preface,  was  originally  written  at  the 
suggestion  of  his  stenographer,  who  spoke  of  the  need  that  women 
have  for  a  simple,  concise  book  that  will  tell  them  all  about  in- 
vestments. 

"  Governor  Rollins  puts  his  information  in  the  form  of  a  story, 
thus  making  it  interesting  reading.  But,  in  addition,  his  facts  and 
suggestions  are  clear-cut  and  eminently  useful.  He  explains  the 
meaning  of  a  mortgage,  a  bond,  corporation  stock,  municipal  in- 
vestments, Government  bonds  and  so  on  through  the  list  of  con- 
servative investments.  Any  woman  who  has  money  to  invest  or  who 
is  likely  to  inherit  money  which  she  will  be  called  upon  to  invest 
will  be  well  guided  by  this  book.  In  fact,  it  would  serve  admirably 
as  a  text-book  for  young  people  of  both  sexes."  Boston  Journal. 
Copies  of  the  above  book  will  be  furnished  without  cost  on  application  to 

E.  H.  ROLLINS  &  SONS 

21  Milk  St.,  Boston 

[  225  ] 


Historical  Plates 

Seventy-three  views  on  dessert  plates  (9-inch)  engraved  for  us  by 
Wedgwood  from  picturesque  etchings,  in  genuine  old  blue  Wedgwood, 
with  foliage  border;  souvenirs  of  Boston  and  other  historical  points; 
the  views  in  part  are: 

The  Public  Library,  Boston 
Trinity  Church,  Boston 
Mount  Vernon,  home  of  Washington 
Independence  Hall,  Philadelphia 
Elmicood,  home  of  James  Russell  Low- 
ell 
Old  North  Church,  Boston 
Mayflower  in  Plymouth  Harbor 
Birthplace  of  Whittier 
Priscilla  and  John  Alden 
Longfellow's  House,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
The  Battle  on  Lexington  Common 
TJie  Wayside  Inn,  Sudbury,  Mass. 
George  Washington  (portrait) 
Abraham  Lincoln  (portrait) 
Tlieodore  Roosevelt  (portrait) 
Capitol,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Faneuil  Hall 
Harvard  College  Gate 

The  price  is  six  dollars  per  dozen,  or  fifty  cents  each.  A  single  plate 
will  be  mailed  in  a  safety  mailing  box,  prepaid  to  any  post-office  in  the 
United  States,  on  receipt  of  75  cents,  P.  O.  order  or  stamps.  A  booklet 
of  half-tone  cuts  of  the  series  will  be  mailed  free  on  request.  Visitors  will 
find  in  our  Art  Pottery  Rooms  —  Dinner  Set  Department — Cut  Glass 
Department  —  Lamp  Department  —  Stock  Pattern  Department  —  and 
on  the  Main  Floor  extensive  exhibits. 

In  our  Hotel  and  Club  Department  are  extensive  lines,  adapted  to  Hotels,  Clubs, 
Yachts,  Boarding  Houses,  Hospitals,  Public  Institutions  and  Families. 

Full  Outfits  or  Matehings,  from  the  ordinary,  through  the  medium  cost  up  to 
the  costly  decorated  banquet  services,  in  stock  ready  for  immediate  delivery. 

Stock  patterns  of  the  several  grades  to  replenish  matehings  from. 

Services  of  ehina  and  glass  made  to  order  with  crest,  monogram,  &c,  in  either 
foreign  or  domestic  ware,  and  we  are  not  undersold  on  equal  ware  if  we  know  it. 
Inspection  and  comparison  invited. 


Jones,  McDuffee  &  Stratton  Co. 

Fine  China,  Glass  and  Lamps,  Wholesale  and  Retail 

(Ten  Floors) 

33  Franklin  Street,  cor.  Hawley 

Near  Washington  and  Summer  streets 

I  226  ] 


M    Throughout  the  convention 

J!  we  shall  have  on  exhibition  at  our 
salesroom,  working  outfits  of  card  and  fil- 
ing systems  for  physicians  and  for  public 
and  private  hospitals. 

These  records  have  reduced  the  keep- 
ing of  physicians' and  hospital  records  and 
accounts  to  the  last  point  of  simplicity 
and  accuracy. 

They  cut  in  two  the  time  and  labor 
required  by  book  records. 

You  are  invited  to  see  them. 

Library  Bureau 

CARD  AND  FILING  SYSTEMS 

43  Federal  Street,  off  Post  Office  Square 


[  227  ] 


EVERY  PHYSICIAN  SHOULD  POSSESS 

A  Dennison  Handy  Box 

BECAUSE 

It  contains  in  condensed  form  so  many 
conveniences,  the  contents  of  our  No.  60 
(price,  $.  75)  being  as  follows : 

Baggage,  Marking  and  Key  Tags,  Small 
Strung  Tags,  Postal  Labels,  Bottle  Labels, 
Transparent  Tape,  Suspension  Rings,  Pa- 
tent Clips,  Rubber  Bands,  Twine,  Glue  in 
Patent  Tube. 

We  have  the  testimony  of  many  first-class 
practitio7iers  that  the  Dennison  Handy  Box 
is  indispensable. 

Our  store  is  replete  with  similar  attractive 
articles.  You  are  invited  to  inspect  them. 

DENNISON  MFG.   CO.,  26  Franklin  Street,  Boston 

SIDE  TRIPS  TO  NEW  YORK  VIA  JOY  LINE 

EVERY  WEDNESDAY  AT  5  p.m.  A  24-HOUR  OCEAN  TRIP 


Every  week-day  via  Providence  at  5.03  p.m.,  arriving  in  New  York 

the  following  morning. 

Ask  for  information.  'Phone:  Main  232 J^ 

CITY  TICKET  OFFICE  CORNER  STATE  AND  WASHINGTON  STS. 

[  228  ] 


Two  New  Books  by  William  Osier 


COUNSELS  AND  IDEALS 
FROM  HIS  WRITINGS 

"  This  little  book  is  worth  getting  and  worth 
reading.  We  commend  it  most  heartily  to 
doctors  and  medical  students  in  the  first 
place,  but  scarcely  less  to  the  intelligent 
laity."  Westminster  Gazette.  $1.25,  net. 
Postpaid,  $1.36. 


SCIENCE  AND 
IMMORTALITY 

"  We  can  recommend  this  volume  not  only 
for  its  literary  charm,  but  also  for  the 
thoughtful  and  suggestive  discussion  of  the 
comforting  conception  of  immortality  from 
the  standpoint  of  the  scientific  physician." 
Lancet,  London.  85  cents,  net.  Postpaid,  91 
cents. 


Memoirs  of  Two  Famous  Physicians 


HENRY  INGERSOLL 
BOWDITCH 

BY  V.  Y.  BOWDITCH 

"  A  delightful  story  of  a  noble  and  beauti- 
ful life,  vividly  and  charmingly  arranged 
and  told  for  the  most  part  in  Dr.  Bowditch's 
own  words.  Strength,  truth,  courage  and 
religious  faith  fill  his  journals,  which  often 
show  also  eloquence,  dramatic  power  and 
literary  grace."  Boston  Medical  and  Sur- 
gical Journal.  2  vols.  Illustrated.  $5.00,  net. 
Postpaid,  $5.44. 


DR.  JAMES 
JACKSON 

BY  JAMES  J.   PUTNAM 

"  As  a  record  of  old  Newburyport  and  of  Bos- 
ton during  two  thirds  of  the  nineteenth  cen- 
tury, with  its  intimate  view  of  the  growth 
of  the  medical  profession,  its  glimpses  of 
Harvard  and  of  many  well-known  persons, 
the  memoir  has  interest  for  more  than  the 
immediate  members  of  the  Clan  Jackson." 
Harvard  Graduates''  Magazine.  Illustrated. 
$2.50,  net.  Postpaid,  $2.67. 


Latest  Exposition  of  Subconscious  Functioning 
The  Subconscious 

BY  JOSEPH  JASTROW 

A  popular  and  interesting  study  of  normal  and  abnormal  subconscious  activities  including 
dream  experiences,  the  actions  of  drugs,  of  hypnotic  conditions,  of  trance-states,  and  the 
dissolution  of  personality  in  hysterical  and  allied  disorders.  The  author  is  professor  of  psy- 
chology in  the  University  of  Wisconsin.  $2.50,  net.  Postpaid,  $2.66. 

"LITERARY  LANDMARKS:  A  Visitors  Guide  to  Points  of 
Literary  Interest  in  and  about  Boston "  is  invaluable  to  any  one 
desiring  to  make  a  literary  pilgrimage  about  Boston.  With  pictures 
of  authors'1  homes.  Paper,  25  cents,  net,  postpaid;  cloth,  35  cents, 
net,  postpaid. 

HOUGHTON,  MIFFLIN  &  COMPANY 

THE  BOOKROOM,  4  PARK  ST.,  BOSTON 


[  229 


WARD'S  BOSTON 

FINE  STATIONERY 


WRITING  PAPER  AND 
ENVELOPES 

"  Boston  Linen  "  "  Krash  " 

Boston  Bond  "  "  Sa waco ' ' 

"  Bunker  Hill  "  "  Mistral " 

"  Puro  "  Photo  Albums 

"  A  Line  a  Day  "  Books 

Records  for  five  years  on  each  page 

'"'  Puro  "  Post  Card  Albums  Guest  Books 

Inventory  Books  Address  Books 

"  Happenings  in  our  Home  " 

WARD'S  BOSTON 

57-63  Franklin  Street 


FIRE  AND  MARINE 

INSURANCE 

BOSTON 


$ 


Insurance  Company 

Capital  paid  in 
One  Million  Dollars 


Net  Surplus 
Two  Million  Dollars 

RANSOM  B.  FULLER 

President 


Don  t  fail  to  see  the 
Allison  Exhibit 

OF  PHYSICIANS' 

OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

at  the 

American  Medical 

Association 

W.  D.  ALLISON  COMPANY 

BOSTON  OFFICE  INDIANAPOLIS 

100  BOYLSTON  ST. 


"The  Belmont" 

Natural  Spring  Water 

^    ^   ^ 

THE  Belmont  Natural  Spring  Water  has  the  Unanimous  Indorsement  of 
our  Most  Eminent  Physicians  regarding  its  remarkable  purity  and  ex- 
cellence as  a  drinking  water. 

The  Belmont  Spring  Water  Company 

GEO.   PL  COTTON  &  SONS,  71  Chestnut  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

[  230  ] 


New  England  Mutual 

Life  Insurance 

Company 

BOSTON,  MASSACHUSETTS 
Chartered,  1835 


W 


The  Oldest,  Largest  and  Strongest 
Massachusetts  Company 

Assets  $40,702,691.55 

Liabilities  36,600,270.95 

Surplus  $4,102,420.60 

A  Purely  Mutual  Company 
Paying  Annual  Distributions  of  Surplus 


Benj.  F.  Stevens  President 

Alfred  D.  Foster  Vice-President 

D.  F.  Appel  Secretary 

Wm.  B.  Turner  Asst.  Secretary 

Herbert  B.  Dow  Actuary 

Edwin  W.  Dwight,  M.D.  Medical  Director 


[  231  ] 


THE 

STATE  MUTUAL  LIFE 

ASSURANCE 

COMPANY 

OF  WORCESTER,  MASSACHUSETTS 

Was  incorporated  in  18£4<  and  is,  therefore,  one  of  the 

OLDEST  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES 

IN  AMERICA 

Its  business  is  conducted  strictly  upon  the 
MUTUAL  PLAN 

NO  STOCK 

NO  STOCKHOLDERS 

It  is  managed  solely  in  the  interests  of  its  policy-holders 

c 

Writes  all  desirable  forms  of 
LIFE  AND  ENDOWMENT  POLICIES 

PAYS  DIVIDENDS  ANNUALLY 

which  will  bear  comparison  with 

those  of  any  Company  which 

issues  policies 

EMBODYING  THE  SAME  ADVANTAGES 

c 

Does  not  write  Tontine  Insurance  in  any  form 


[  232  ] 


The  Products  of  the  Phillips  Laboratories 
have  been  so  well  known  and  employed  for 
so  many  years,  they  require  but  little  notice 
here.  There  will  be  interesting  demonstra- 
tions at  our  exhibit. 


THE  CHAS.  H.  PHILLIPS  CHEMICAL  CO. 

NEW  YORK  AND  LONDON 


THOMAS 

Catgut 

Sterility  and  Strength 

Surgical  Dressing  Specialties 
Visit  our  Laboratory 

F.  H.  Thomas  Company 

707  Boylston  Street  Boston,  Mass. 


[  233  ] 


Fairchild  Bros.  &  Foster 

will  be  pleased  to  meet  the  Members  of 

The  American  Medical  Association 

at  their  Exhibit  in 
MECHANICS  HALL,  SPACE  NO.  14. 


3323    033 

[  234  ] 


BOSTON  COLLEGE 


3  9031   01605931   3 


DATE  DUE 

IAN   I  *  l$9l 

\i\\Ni        \       ' 

■      C.""  *       " 

T 

JUN    16 

1999 

IPR  1  1  :1( 

)01 

.... 

L__                      — -"  "" 

-  . 



- 



- 

1 r 

,  .. 

I 

......... 

OAVLORO 

T 

I                                                 1    PRINT60  II*  U.S.A. 

